Critical Edition
वैशंपायन उवाच तत्रापि तपसि श्रेष्ठे वर्तमानः स वीर्यवान् सिद्धचारणसंघानां बभूव प्रियदर्शनः
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said : That greatly powerful man (Pandu; was there engaged in the best of asceticism) and he soon became the favorite of all the Siddhas and Charanas.
शुश्रूषुरनहंवादी संयतात्मा जितेन्द्रियः स्वर्गं गन्तुं पराक्रान्तः स्वेन वीर्येण भारत
M. N. Dutt: O descendant of the Bharata race, he was devoted to the service of his preceptors; he was free from vanity; he was self controlled and master over his passions. The powerful man went to heaven by his own prowess.
केषांचिदभवद्भ्राता केषांचिदभवत्सखा ऋषयस्त्वपरे चैनं पुत्रवत्पर्यपालयन्
M. N. Dutt: He became the brother of some and the friend of others, the others again treated him as their own son.
स तु कालेन महता प्राप्य निष्कल्मषं तपः ब्रह्मर्षिसदृशः पाण्डुर्बभूव भरतर्षभ
M. N. Dutt: O best of the Bharata race, after a long time Pandu acquired those great and sinless ascetic merits, by which he became like a Brahmarshi.
Supplementary Passages:
1.111.4 After 4, D (except Da) S ins.: *1171 वैशंपायनः अमावास्यां तु सहिता ऋषयः सशितव्रताः ब्रह्माणं द्रष्टुकामास्ते संप्रतस्थुर्महर्षयः संप्रस्थितानृषीन्दृष्ट्वा पाण्डुर्वचनमब्रवीत् भवन्तः क्व गमिष्यन्ति ब्रूत मे वदतां वराः ऋषयः समवायो महानद्य ब्रह्मलोके महात्मनाम् देवानां च ऋषीणां च पितॄणां च महात्मनाम् वयं तत्र गमिष्यामो द्रष्टुकामाः स्वयंभुवम् वैशंपायनः पाण्डुमुत्थाय सहसा गन्तुकामं महर्षिभिः After vaiśaṃ. u., D2 ins.: *1172 तच्छ्रुत्वा वचनं तेषां पाण्डुर्वचनमब्रवीत् अहमप्यागमिष्यामि यत्र यूयं गमिष्यथ
स्वर्गपारं तितीर्षन्स शतशृङ्गादुदङ्मुखः प्रतस्थे सह पत्नीभ्यामब्रुवंस्तत्र तापसाः उपर्युपरि गच्छन्तः शैलराजमुदङ्मुखाः
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said : Pandu suddenly rose with the desire of going with the Rishis and reaching the heaven. When he was about to start with his two wives in a northerly direction from the mountains with the hundred peaks, the ascetics addressed him thus.
दृष्टवन्तो गिरेरस्य दुर्गान्देशान्बहून्वयम् आक्रीडभूतान्देवानां गन्धर्वाप्सरसां तथा
AI Translation: We have seen many inaccessible places of this mountain, which are the places of sport of the gods, Gandharvas and Apsarās.
Supplementary Passages:
1.111.6 After 6ab, N ins.: *1173 विमानशतसंबाधां गीतस्वननिनादिताम् On the other hand, S (except M6-8) ins. after 6ab (G1, which om. 6ab, after 5): *1174 यक्षराक्षसगुप्तानि गन्धर्वचरितानि च
उद्यानानि कुबेरस्य समानि विषमाणि च महानदीनितम्बांश्च दुर्गांश्च गिरिगह्वरान्
AI Translation: The gardens of Kubera are equal and unequal, and the hips of the great rivers, and the inaccessible mountain caves.
सन्ति नित्यहिमा देशा निर्वृक्षमृगपक्षिणः सन्ति केचिन्महावर्षा दुर्गाः केचिद्दुरासदाः
AI Translation: There are countries that are always cold, without trees, animals, or birds. Some are very rainy, some are difficult to reach, some are difficult to approach.
अतिक्रामेन्न पक्षी यान्कुत एवेतरे मृगाः वायुरेकोऽतिगाद्यत्र सिद्धाश्च परमर्षयः
AI Translation: No bird can fly over it, much less any other animal. Only the wind can pass over it, and the great sages.
गच्छन्त्यौ शैलराजेऽस्मिन्राजपुत्र्यौ कथं त्विमे न सीदेतामदुःखार्हे मा गमो भरतर्षभ
M. N. Dutt: "The only thing that can go there is air and only beings, Siddhas and great Rishis. O best of the Bharata race, these princesses are unaccustomed to hardship; how will they ascend those heights of the king of mountains? Therefore, do not come with us.'
Supplementary Passages:
1.111.10 After 10, K2 ins.: *1175 अप्रजस्य महाभाग न स्वर्गं गन्तुमर्हसि while T2 ins.: *1176 अप्रजात्वं मनुष्येन्द्र साधु मा पुष्करेक्षण
पाण्डुरुवाच अप्रजस्य महाभागा न द्वारं परिचक्षते स्वर्गे तेनाभितप्तोऽहमप्रजस्तद्ब्रवीमि वः
M. N. Dutt: Pandu said: O greatly fortunate ones, it is said that there is no heaven for a sonless. I am sonless. I speak to you in sorrow. O great ascetics, I am sorry, because I have not been able to free myself from the debt I owe to my forefathers.
Supplementary Passages:
1.111.11 N reads 15c-16b after 11 (D4, after 1177*); while D4 (marg. sec. m.) S ins. after 11: *1177 सोऽहमुग्रेण तपसा सभार्यस्त्यक्तजीवितः अनपत्योऽपि विन्देयं स्वर्गमुग्रेण कर्मणा
ऋणैश्चतुर्भिः संयुक्ता जायन्ते मनुजा भुवि पितृदेवर्षिमनुजदेयैः शतसहस्रशः
AI Translation: Joined with four debts, men are born on earth By the hundreds of thousands to be given to the fathers, gods, sages, and men.
एतानि तु यथाकालं यो न बुध्यति मानवः न तस्य लोकाः सन्तीति धर्मविद्भिः प्रतिष्ठितम्
AI Translation: But those who do not understand these things as they occur, it is established by those who know the Dharma that they have no worlds.
यज्ञैश्च देवान्प्रीणाति स्वाध्यायतपसा मुनीन् पुत्रैः श्राद्धैः पितॄंश्चापि आनृशंस्येन मानवान्
AI Translation: He pleases the gods with sacrifices, the sages with Vedic study and austerities, The ancestors with sons and Śrāddha rites, and human beings with non-violence.
ऋषिदेवमनुष्याणां परिमुक्तोऽस्मि धर्मतः पित्र्यादृणादनिर्मुक्तस्तेन तप्ये तपोधनाः
AI Translation: I am freed from the debt to the sages, gods, and men, by the Dharma. But I am not freed from the debt to my father. Therefore, O ascetics, I am
Supplementary Passages:
1.111.15 K3 Ñ B D ins. after 15ab: S after 16ab: *1178 त्रयाणामितरेषां तु नाश आत्मनि नश्यति K3 Ñ1.2 D (except D2) cont.: Ś1 K0-2.4 ins. after 15ab: *1179 पित्र्यादृणादनिर्मुक्त इदानीमस्मि तापसाः
देहनाशे ध्रुवो नाशः पितॄणामेष निश्चयः इह तस्मात्प्रजाहेतोः प्रजायन्ते नरोत्तमाः
AI Translation: When the body perishes, the destruction of the manes is certain. Therefore, for the sake of offspring, the best of men are born here.
Supplementary Passages:
1.111.16 After 16ab, S ins. 1178*, which is followed by: *1180 पितॄणामृणनाशाद्धि न प्रजा नाशमृच्छति
यथैवाहं पितुः क्षेत्रे सृष्टस्तेन महात्मना तथैवास्मिन्मम क्षेत्रे कथं वै संभवेत्प्रजा
AI Translation: Just as I was created by that noble one in my father's field, in the same way, how can offspring be born in my field here?
तापसा ऊचुः अस्ति वै तव धर्मात्मन्विद्म देवोपमं शुभम् अपत्यमनघं राजन्वयं दिव्येन चक्षुषा
M. N. Dutt: The Rishis said : O virtuous minded man, O king, there is progeny for you that will be sinless, greatly fortunate and like the celestial themselves. We see this with our prophetic eyes. O best of kings, therefore, accomplish the purposes of the celestials by your acts.
दैवदिष्टं नरव्याघ्र कर्मणेहोपपादय अक्लिष्टं फलमव्यग्रो विन्दते बुद्धिमान्नरः
AI Translation: O tiger among men, do what is destined by fate. The wise man obtains the fruit without effort and without distraction.
तस्मिन्दृष्टे फले तात प्रयत्नं कर्तुमर्हसि अपत्यं गुणसंपन्नं लब्ध्वा प्रीतिमवाप्स्यसि
AI Translation: Having seen that fruit, O son, you should make an effort. Having obtained a son endowed with good qualities, you will attain joy.
वैशंपायन उवाच तच्छ्रुत्वा तापसवचः पाण्डुश्चिन्तापरोऽभवत् आत्मनो मृगशापेन जानन्नुपहतां क्रियाम्
AI Translation: Vaishmapayana said Hearing those words of the ascetic, Pandu became anxious. Knowing that his own rites were impaired by the curse of the deer,
सोऽब्रवीद्विजने कुन्तीं धर्मपत्नीं यशस्विनीम् अपत्योत्पादने योगमापदि प्रसमर्थयन्
AI Translation: He said to Kunti, his virtuous wife, in private, urging her to have a child in a time of crisis.
Supplementary Passages:
1.111.22 Ñ1 om. 22 (cf. v.l. 20.) S (which transp. 18-21) ins. before 22 (or, in other words, after 17): *1181 वैशंपायनः स समानीय कुन्तीं च माद्रीं च भरतर्षभ आचष्ट पुत्रलाभस्य व्युष्टिं सर्वक्रियाधिकाम् उत्तमादवराः पुंसः काङ्क्षन्ते पुत्रमापदि अपत्यं धर्मफलदं श्रेष्ठादिच्छन्ति साधवः अनुनीय तु ते सम्यङ्महाब्राह्मणसंसदि ब्राह्मणं गुणवन्तं वै चिन्तयामास धर्मवित्
अपत्यं नाम लोकेषु प्रतिष्ठा धर्मसंहिता इति कुन्ति विदुर्धीराः शाश्वतं धर्ममादितः
AI Translation: The offspring is the foundation of the world, the collection of Dharma. Thus, O Kunti, the wise know the eternal Dharma from the beginning.
इष्टं दत्तं तपस्तप्तं नियमश्च स्वनुष्ठितः सर्वमेवानपत्यस्य न पावनमिहोच्यते
AI Translation: Dharma, charity, penance, and self-restraint performed - all these are said to be not purifying for one without a son.
सोऽहमेवं विदित्वैतत्प्रपश्यामि शुचिस्मिते अनपत्यः शुभाँल्लोकान्नावाप्स्यामीति चिन्तयन्
M. N. Dutt: O lady of sweet smiles, knowing all this, I am certain that sonless as I am, I shall not obtain the regions of felicity.
मृगाभिशापान्नष्टं मे प्रजनं ह्यकृतात्मनः नृशंसकारिणो भीरु यथैवोपहतं तथा
M. N. Dutt: O timid lady, as I was formerly addicted to cruel acts and led a vicious life, I have lost my power of procreation by the curse of the deer.
इमे वै बन्धुदायादाः षट्पुत्रा धर्मदर्शने षडेवाबन्धुदायादाः पुत्रास्ताञ्शृणु मे पृथे
M. N. Dutt: O Pritha, the religious books mention of six kinds of sons who are both heirs and kinsmen and six kinds more who are not heirs, but kinsmen. I shall speak of them; listen to me.
स्वयंजातः प्रणीतश्च परिक्रीतश्च यः सुतः पौनर्भवश्च कानीनः स्वैरिण्यां यश्च जायते
AI Translation: One born of oneself, one born of a wife, one bought, one born of a concubine, one born of a harlot, one born of a widow.
Supplementary Passages:
1.111.28 After 28a, T1 ins.: *1182 तत्समं पुत्रिकासुतः स्वयंजातः क्षत्रियश्च
दत्तः क्रीतः कृत्रिमश्च उपगच्छेत्स्वयं च यः सहोढो जातरेताश्च हीनयोनिधृतश्च यः
AI Translation: One who is given, bought, or made, and one who comes of his own accord, One who is brought along, one who has semen, and one who is held by a lower caste.
पूर्वपूर्वतमाभावे मत्वा लिप्सेत वै सुतम् उत्तमादवराः पुंसः काङ्क्षन्ते पुत्रमापदि
M. N. Dutt: On the failure of getting offspring of the first class, the mother should try to get the offspring of the next class and so on. At the time of emergency (failure of offspring), men raise up sons by their accomplished younger brothers.
अपत्यं धर्मफलदं श्रेष्ठं विन्दन्ति साधवः आत्मशुक्रादपि पृथे मनुः स्वायम्भुवोऽब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: O Pritha, the self created Manu has said that men, failing to obtain son of their own, might raise up excellent virtue giving sons by others.
तस्मात्प्रहेष्याम्यद्य त्वां हीनः प्रजननात्स्वयम् सदृशाच्छ्रेयसो वा त्वं विद्ध्यपत्यं यशस्विनि
M. N. Dutt: As I am destitute of the power of procreation, I command you to raise illustrious offspring by some men equal or superior to me.
Supplementary Passages:
1.111.32 S ins. after 32: D2.4 (marg. sec. m.), after 33ab: *1183 या हि ते भगिनी साध्वी श्रुतसेना यशस्विनी उवाह यां तु कैकेयः शारदण्डायनिर्महान्
शृणु कुन्ति कथां चेमां शारदण्डायनीं प्रति या वीरपत्नी गुरुभिर्नियुक्तापत्यजन्मनि
M. N. Dutt: O Kunti, hear the history of that wife of a hero, the daughter of Sharadandayana, who raised offspring at the command of her lord.
पुष्पेण प्रयता स्नाता निशि कुन्ति चतुष्पथे वरयित्वा द्विजं सिद्धं हुत्वा पुंसवनेऽनलम्
M. N. Dutt: O Kunti, after the bath when her season came, she went in the night to a place where four roads met. Worshipping a Brahmana who was crowned with ascetic success, she poured libations in the fire of Punsavana.
Supplementary Passages:
1.111.34 After 34ab, D4 (marg. sec. m.) S ins.: *1184 अपत्यार्थे प्रजालाभे अन्वगच्छच्छुभव्रता
कर्मण्यवसिते तस्मिन्सा तेनैव सहावसत् तत्र त्रीञ्जनयामास दुर्जयादीन्महारथान्
M. N. Dutt: After performing this, she lived with him; and thus were begotten on her three sons, Durjaya being the eldest.
तथा त्वमपि कल्याणि ब्राह्मणात्तपसाधिकात् मन्नियोगाद्यत क्षिप्रमपत्योत्पादनं प्रति
M. N. Dutt: O greatly fortunate lady, like her you too at my command raise offspring by some Brahmana who is superior to me in ascetic merits.