Critical Edition
युधिष्ठिर उवाच के पूर्वमासन्पतयः प्रजानां भरतर्षभ के चर्षयो महाभागा दिक्षु प्रत्येकशः स्मृताः
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said Who are the first Patriarch, O foremost of Bharata's race? What highly blessed Rishis are there, and on which quarters do each of them dwell?
भीष्म उवाच श्रूयतां भरतश्रेष्ठ यन्मा त्वं परिपृच्छसि प्रजानां पतयो ये स्म दिक्षु प्रत्येकशः स्मृताः
M. N. Dutt: 'Hear me, O chief of the Bharatas, about what you ask. I shall tell you who the Patriarchs were and what Rishis are mentioned as living on which points of the horizon.
एकः स्वयंभूर्भगवानाद्यो ब्रह्मा सनातनः ब्रह्मणः सप्त पुत्रा वै महात्मानः स्वयंभुवः
M. N. Dutt: There was at first one Eternal, Divine, and Self-create Brahman. The self-create Brahman begat seven illustrious sons.
मरीचिरत्र्यङ्गिरसौ पुलस्त्यः पुलहः क्रतुः वसिष्ठश्च महाभागः सदृशा वै स्वयंभुवा
M. N. Dutt: They were Marichi, Atri, Angiras, Pulastya, Pulaha, Kratu, and the highly blessed Vasistha who was equal to the Self-create himself.
सप्त ब्रह्माण इत्येष पुराणे निश्चयो गतः अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि सर्वानेव प्रजापतीन्
M. N. Dutt: These seven sons have been described in the Puranas as seven Brahmanas. I shall now name the succeeding Patriarchs.
अत्रिवंशसमुत्पन्नो ब्रह्मयोनिः सनातनः प्राचीनबर्हिर्भगवांस्तस्मात्प्राचेतसो दश
M. N. Dutt: In Atri's family was born the eternal and divine Varhi the ancient, born of penances. From Varhi the ancient were born the ten Prachetasas.
दशानां तनयस्त्वेको दक्षो नाम प्रजापतिः तस्य द्वे नामनी लोके दक्षः क इति चोच्यते
M. N. Dutt: The ten Prachetasas had one son between them, viz., the Prajapati called by the name of Daksha. This last has two names in the world, viz., Daksha and Ka.
मरीचेः कश्यपः पुत्रस्तस्य द्वे नामनी श्रुते अरिष्टनेमिरित्येकं कश्यपेत्यपरं विदुः
M. N. Dutt: Marichi had one son called Kashyapa. This last also has two names. Some call him Arishtanemi, and some Kashyapa.
अङ्गश्चैवौरसः श्रीमान्राजा भौमश्च वीर्यवान् सहस्रं यश्च दिव्यानां युगानां पर्युपासिता
M. N. Dutt: Atri had another son born of his lions, viz., the handsome and princely Soma of great power. He practised penances for a thousand divine cycles.
अर्यमा चैव भगवान्ये चान्ये तनया विभो एते प्रदेशाः कथिता भुवनानां प्रभावनाः
M. N. Dutt: The divine Aryaman and his sons, O king, have been described as those who issued injunctions, and as creators of all creatures.
शशबिन्दोश्च भार्याणां सहस्राणि दशाच्युत एकैकस्यां सहस्रं तु तनयानामभूत्तदा
AI Translation: O Acyuta, the ten thousand wives of Śaśabindu had one thousand sons each.
एवं शतसहस्राणां शतं तस्य महात्मनः पुत्राणां न च ते कंचिदिच्छन्त्यन्यं प्रजापतिम्
AI Translation: Thus he had a hundred thousand sons, and a hundred of those great souls, and none of them wanted any other lord of creatures.
प्रजामाचक्षते विप्राः पौराणीं शाशबिन्दवीम् स वृष्णिवंशप्रभवो महान्वंशः प्रजापतेः
M. N. Dutt: The ancient Brahmanas bestowed a name on the creatures of the world, derived from Shashavindu. That extensive family of the Patriarch Shashavindu became in time the progenitor of the Vrishni race.
एते प्रजानां पतयः समुद्दिष्टा यशस्विनः अतः परं प्रवक्ष्यामि देवांस्त्रिभुवनेश्वरान्
M. N. Dutt: These that I have named are noted as the illustrious Patriarchs. After this, I shall name the celestials who are the lords of the three worlds.
Supplementary Passages:
12.201.14 After 14ab, D7 T G1-3.6 M1.5-7 Kumbh. ed. ins.: *547 शशबिन्दुस्तु राजर्षिर्महायोगी महामनाः अध्यात्मवित्सहस्राणां भार्याणां दशमध्यगः स योगी योगमापन्नस्ततः सायुज्यतां गतः
भगोंऽशश्चार्यमा चैव मित्रोऽथ वरुणस्तथा सविता चैव धाता च विवस्वांश्च महाबलः
M. N. Dutt: Bhaga, Ansha, Aryaman, Mitra, Varuna, Savitri, Dhatri, Vivasvat of great might.
पूषा त्वष्टा तथैवेन्द्रो द्वादशो विष्णुरुच्यते त एते द्वादशादित्याः कश्यपस्यात्मसंभवाः
M. N. Dutt: Tashtri, Pushan, Indra, and Vishnu know as the twelfth,-these are the twelve Adityas, all originated from Kashyapa.
नासत्यश्चैव दस्रश्च स्मृतौ द्वावश्विनावपि मार्ताण्डस्यात्मजावेतावष्टमस्य प्रजापतेः
M. N. Dutt: Nasatya and Dashra are mentioned as the two Ashvins. These two are the sons of the illustrious Martanda, the eighth in the above.
त्वष्टुश्चैवात्मजः श्रीमान्विश्वरूपो महायशाः अजैकपादहिर्बुध्न्यो विरूपाक्षोऽथ रैवतः
AI Translation: And Tvaṣṭṛ's son, the glorious Viśvarūpa of great fame, Ajaikapāda, Hiranyākṣa, Virūpākṣa, and Raivata,
हरश्च बहुरूपश्च त्र्यम्बकश्च सुरेश्वरः सावित्रश्च जयन्तश्च पिनाकी चापराजितः पूर्वमेव महाभागा वसवोऽष्टौ प्रकीर्तिताः
AI Translation: Hara, Bahurūpa, Tryambaka, and Sureśvara, Sāvitra, Jayanta, Pināka, and Aparājita, The eight Vasus have been proclaimed as highly fortunate from the beginning.
Supplementary Passages:
12.201.19 After 19cd, D7 T G1-3.6 M5 Kumbh. ed. ins.: *548 एकादशैते कथिता रुद्रास्त्रिभुवनेश्वराः while, M1.6.7 ins. after 19cd: *549 धरो ध्रुवश्च सोमश्च आपश्चैवानिलोऽनलः प्रत्यूषश्च महाभागः सावित्रश्चाष्टमः स्मृतः
एत एवंविधा देवा मनोरेव प्रजापतेः ते च पूर्वे सुराश्चेति द्विविधाः पितरः स्मृताः
M. N. Dutt: These were considered as gods at the time of the Prajapati Manu. These were at first called the gods and the Pitris.
शीलरूपरतास्त्वन्ये तथान्ये सिद्धसाध्ययोः ऋभवो मरुतश्चैव देवानां चोदिता गणाः
M. N. Dutt: The Siddhas and the Saddhyas were divided into two classes for their conduct and youth. The deities were formerly divided into two classes, viz., the Ribhus and the Maruts.
एवमेते समाम्नाता विश्वेदेवास्तथाश्विनौ आदित्याः क्षत्रियास्तेषां विशस्तु मरुतस्तथा
M. N. Dutt: Thus have the Vishvas, the gods, and the Ashvins, been enumerated. Amongst them, the Adityas are Kshatriyas, and the Maruts are Vaishyas.
अश्विनौ तु मतौ शूद्रौ तपस्युग्रे समाहितौ स्मृतास्त्वङ्गिरसो देवा ब्राह्मणा इति निश्चयः इत्येतत्सर्वदेवानां चातुर्वर्ण्यं प्रकीर्तितम्
M. N. Dutt: The two Ashvins, practising severe penances, have been said to be Shudras. The deities sprung from Angirasa's family have been said to be Brahmanas. This is certain.
एतान्वै प्रातरुत्थाय देवान्यस्तु प्रकीर्तयेत् स्वजादन्यकृताच्चैव सर्वपापात्प्रमुच्यते
AI Translation: One who, having risen in the morning, recites these names of the gods, is freed from all sins, from one's own and from those committed by others.
यवक्रीतोऽथ रैभ्यश्च अर्वावसुपरावसू औशिजश्चैव कक्षीवान्नलश्चाङ्गिरसः सुताः
AI Translation: Yavakrita, Raibhya, Arvasu, Paravasu, Oushija, Kakshivat, and Nala, the sons of Angiras.
ऋषेर्मेधातिथेः पुत्रः कण्वो बर्हिषदस्तथा त्रैलोक्यभावनास्तात प्राच्यां सप्तर्षयस्तथा
AI Translation: The son of the sage Medhatithi, Kanva, and Barhisada, The creators of the three worlds, O father, and the seven sages in the east,
उन्मुचो विमुचश्चैव स्वस्त्यात्रेयश्च वीर्यवान् प्रमुचश्चेध्मवाहश्च भगवांश्च दृढव्रतः
AI Translation: Unmuca, Vimuca, the powerful Svastika, Pramuca, Adhmavāha, the Blessed One of firm vows,
मित्रावरुणयोः पुत्रस्तथागस्त्यः प्रतापवान् एते ब्रह्मर्षयो नित्यमाश्रिता दक्षिणां दिशम्
AI Translation: The son of Mitra and Varuna, and the powerful Agastya, These Brahmarishis always resort to the southern direction.
रुषद्गुः कवषो धौम्यः परिव्याधश्च वीर्यवान् एकतश्च द्वितश्चैव त्रितश्चैव महर्षयः
AI Translation: The angry Guha, Kavasa, Dhoumya, and the valiant Parivyaadha, The great sages Ekata, Dvita, and Trita,
अत्रेः पुत्रश्च भगवांस्तथा सारस्वतः प्रभुः एते नव महात्मानः पश्चिमामाश्रिता दिशम्
AI Translation: The lord, the son of Atri, and the lord Sarasvata, These nine great souls have resorted to the western direction.
आत्रेयश्च वसिष्ठश्च कश्यपश्च महानृषिः गौतमः सभरद्वाजो विश्वामित्रोऽथ कौशिकः
AI Translation: Ātreya, Vasiṣṭha, the great sage Kaśyapa, Gautama, Bharadvāja, Viśvāmitra, and Kauśika,
तथैव पुत्रो भगवानृचीकस्य महात्मनः जमदग्निश्च सप्तैते उदीचीं दिशमाश्रिताः
AI Translation: Similarly, the son of the great-souled Richika, and Jamadagni - these seven have resorted to the northern direction.
एते प्रतिदिशं सर्वे कीर्तितास्तिग्मतेजसः साक्षिभूता महात्मानो भुवनानां प्रभावनाः
AI Translation: These are mentioned in all directions, of sharp brilliance, The great ones who are witnesses, the illuminators of the worlds,
एवमेते महात्मानः स्थिताः प्रत्येकशो दिशः एतेषां कीर्तनं कृत्वा सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते
AI Translation: Thus these great souls are established in the directions, each one. By reciting their names, one is freed from all sins.
यस्यां यस्यां दिशि ह्येते तां दिशं शरणं गतः मुच्यते सर्वपापेभ्यः स्वस्तिमांश्च गृहान्व्रजेत्
M. N. Dutt: By reciting their names one is purged off of all his sins. A person by sojourning to those quarters becomes freed of all his sins and succeeds in returning home safely.'