Critical Edition
युधिष्ठिर उवाच मग्नस्य व्यसने कृच्छ्रे किं श्रेयः पुरुषस्य हि बन्धुनाशे महीपाल राज्यनाशेऽपि वा पुनः
M. N. Dutt: Yudhisthira said What, indeed, is good for a man who is sunk in dire distress, consequent on the loss of friends or kingdom, O king.
त्वं हि नः परमो वक्ता लोकेऽस्मिन्भरतर्षभ एतद्भवन्तं पृच्छामि तन्मे वक्तुमिहार्हसि
M. N. Dutt: In this world, O foremost of Bharata's race, you are the greatest of our instructors! I ask you this. You should tell me what I ask."
भीष्म उवाच पुत्रदारैः सुखैश्चैव वियुक्तस्य धनेन च मग्नस्य व्यसने कृच्छ्रे धृतिः श्रेयस्करी नृप
M. N. Dutt: 'Fortitude is of the greatest good, O king, for one who has been deprived of sons and wives and pleasures of every sort and wealth, and who has been plunged into dire distress. The body is never emaciated of one who is always endued with fortitude.
धैर्येण युक्तस्य सतः शरीरं न विशीर्यते आरोग्याच्च शरीरस्य स पुनर्विन्दते श्रियम्
AI Translation: The body of one who is endowed with fortitude does not perish. And because of the health of the body, he again attains prosperity.
Supplementary Passages:
12.220.4 K6 B0.6.9 Da3.a4 Dn1.n4 Ds D2.3.5.8 Kumbh. ed. ins. after 4ab: B7.8 after 652*: *651 विशोकता सुखं धत्ते धत्ते चारोग्यमुत्तमम् B7.8, on the other hand, ins. after 4ab: *652 वश्या भवन्ति धैर्येण न वा राज्ञो न संशयः धैर्यवाञ्श्रियमाप्नोति धैर्याद्धर्मो विवर्धते
यस्य राज्ञो नरास्तात सात्त्विकीं वृत्तिमास्थिताः तस्य स्थैर्यं च धैर्यं च व्यवसायश्च कर्मसु
M. N. Dutt: That wise man, O sire, who always follows righteous conduct succeeds in acquiring prosperity, patience, and perseverance in the accomplishment of all his objects.
अत्रैवोदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् बलिवासवसंवादं पुनरेव युधिष्ठिर
M. N. Dutt: Regarding it is cited the old discourse between Vali and Vasava,OYudhisthira.
वृत्ते देवासुरे युद्धे दैत्यदानवसंक्षये विष्णुक्रान्तेषु लोकेषु देवराजे शतक्रतौ
M. N. Dutt: After the battle between the gods and the demons in which a large number of Daityas and Danavas fell, had come to a close, Vali became king. He was deceived by Vishnu who once more established his supremacy over all the worlds. The god of a hundred sacrifices was once more invested with the sovereignty of the celestials.
इज्यमानेषु देवेषु चातुर्वर्ण्ये व्यवस्थिते समृध्यमाने त्रैलोक्ये प्रीतियुक्ते स्वयंभुवि
M. N. Dutt: After the celestial adininistration had thus been re-established, and the four orders of men had been re-established in performance of their respective duties, the three worlds once inore swelled with prosperty, and the Self-create . became glad of heart.
रुद्रैर्वसुभिरादित्यैरश्विभ्यामपि चर्षिभिः गन्धर्वैर्भुजगेन्द्रैश्च सिद्धैश्चान्यैर्वृतः प्रभुः
AI Translation: Surrounded by Rudras, Vasus, Adityas, Ashvins, and sages, By Gandharvas, lords of serpents, Siddhas, and others, the Lord,
चतुर्दन्तं सुदान्तं च वारणेन्द्रं श्रिया वृतम् आरुह्यैरावतं शक्रस्त्रैलोक्यमनुसंययौ
AI Translation: Having mounted the elephant Airāvata, which was four-tusked, well-tamed, and surrounded by splendor, Indra roamed through the three worlds.
स कदाचित्समुद्रान्ते कस्मिंश्चिद्गिरिगह्वरे बलिं वैरोचनिं वज्री ददर्शोपससर्प च
M. N. Dutt: One day, while thus engaged, the holder of the thunderbolt was Virochana's son Vali within a certain mountain cave on the seashore. Seeing the king of Danavas, he came near him.
तमैरावतमूर्धस्थं प्रेक्ष्य देवगणैर्वृतम् सुरेन्द्रमिन्द्रं दैत्येन्द्रो न शुशोच न विव्यथे
M. N. Dutt: Seeing the king of gods, viz., Indra, thus seated on the back of Airavata and surrounded by the several orders of the celestials, the king of the Daityas displayed no signs of sorrow or agitation.
दृष्ट्वा तमविकारस्थं तिष्ठन्तं निर्भयं बलिम् अधिरूढो द्विपश्रेष्ठमित्युवाच शतक्रतुः
M. N. Dutt: Seeing Vali unmoved and fearless, Indra also addressed him from the back of his king of elephants, saying,-
दैत्य न व्यथसे शौर्यादथ वा वृद्धसेवया तपसा भावितत्वाद्वा सर्वथैतत्सुदुष्करम्
M. N. Dutt: How is it, O Daitya, that you are so unmoved? Is it owning to your heroism or to your having waited reverentially upon elders? Is it owning to your mind having been purified by penances? To whatever cause it may be due, this mood of mind is surely very difficult to attain.
शत्रुभिर्वशमानीतो हीनः स्थानादनुत्तमात् वैरोचने किमाश्रित्य शोचितव्ये न शोचसि
M. N. Dutt: Hurled from the highest position, you are now shorn of all your possessions and have been brought under the sway of your enemies. O Virochana's son what is that by adopting which you to do not grieve although it is time for grief.
श्रैष्ठ्यं प्राप्य स्वजातीनां भुक्त्वा भोगाननुत्तमान् हृतस्वबलराज्यस्त्वं ब्रूहि कस्मान्न शोचसि
M. N. Dutt: Formerly, when you were the king of your own order, you enjoyed matchless pleasures. Now, however, you are shorn of your riches and jewels and sovereignty. Tell us why you arc so unmoved.
ईश्वरो हि पुरा भूत्वा पितृपैतामहे पदे तत्त्वमद्य हृतं दृष्ट्वा सपत्नैः किं न शोचसि
M. N. Dutt: You were ere this a god, seated on the throne of your father and grandfathers. Finding yourself deprived to-day by your enemies, why do you not grieve?
बद्धश्च वारुणैः पाशैर्वज्रेण च समाहतः हृतदारो हृतधनो ब्रूहि कस्मान्न शोचसि
M. N. Dutt: You are fettered with Varuna's noose and has been struck with my thunderbolt. Your wives and riches have been taken away. Tell us why you do not grieve.
भ्रष्टश्रीर्विभवभ्रष्टो यन्न शोचसि दुष्करम् त्रैलोक्यराज्यनाशे हि कोऽन्यो जीवितुमुत्सहेत्
M. N. Dutt: Shorn of prosperity and fallen away from affluence, you do not gricve. This indeed, is something very remarkable. Who else, O Vali, then one like you, could dare lives thus after being shorn of the sovereignty of the three worlds?
एतच्चान्यच्च परुषं ब्रुवन्तं परिभूय तम् श्रुत्वा सुखमसंभ्रान्तो बलिर्वैरोचनोऽब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: Hearing without any pain these and other cutting words that Indra said asserting the while his own superiority over him. Vali the son of Virochana fearlessly answered him thus.
निगृहीते मयि भृशं शक्र किं कत्थितेन ते वज्रमुद्यम्य तिष्ठन्तं पश्यामि त्वां पुरंदर
M. N. Dutt: When calamities have assailed me, O Shakra, what do you gain by such brag now? To-day I see you, O Purandara stand before me with the thunder-bolt upraised in your hand.
अशक्तः पूर्वमासीस्त्वं कथंचिच्छक्ततां गतः कस्त्वदन्य इमा वाचः सुक्रूरा वक्तुमर्हति
M. N. Dutt: Formerly, however, you could not behave so. Now you have somehow gained that power. Indeed, who else save you could give vent to such cruel words?
यस्तु शत्रोर्वशस्थस्य शक्तोऽपि कुरुते दयाम् हस्तप्राप्तस्य वीरस्य तं चैव पुरुषं विदुः
M. N. Dutt: That person who, though able to punish, shows mercy towards a heroic enemies, defeated and brought under his control, is indeed a great man.
अनिश्चयो हि युद्धेषु द्वयोर्विवदमानयोः एकः प्राप्नोति विजयमेकश्चैव पराभवम्
M. N. Dutt: When two persons fight, victory is indeed doubtful. One of the two surely becomes victorious, and the other is defeated.
मा च ते भूत्स्वभावोऽयं मया दैवतपुंगव ईश्वरः सर्वभूतानां विक्रमेण जितो बलात्
M. N. Dutt: O king of gods, let not your nature be so. Do not think that you have become the king of all creatures after having defeated all with your might and prowess.
नैतदस्मत्कृतं शक्र नैतच्छक्र त्वया कृतम् यत्त्वमेवंगतो वज्रिन्यद्वाप्येवंगता वयम्
M. N. Dutt: That we have become so is not, O Indra, the result of our acts. That you have become so, ) holder of the thunderbolt, is not the result of any act of yours.
अहमासं यथाद्य त्वं भविता त्वं यथा वयम् मावमंस्था मया कर्म दुष्कृतं कृतमित्युत
M. N. Dutt: What I am now you will be in time. Do not disregard me, thinking that you have performed a highly difficult feat.
सुखदुःखे हि पुरुषः पर्यायेणाधिगच्छति पर्यायेणासि शक्रत्वं प्राप्तः शक्र न कर्मणा
M. N. Dutt: A person gets happiness and misery one after another in course of Time. You have, O Shakra, gained sovereignty of the universe in courses of Time but not by virtue of any particular merit in you.
कालः काले नयति मां त्वां च कालो नयत्ययम् तेनाहं त्वं यथा नाद्य त्वं चापि न यथा वयम्
M. N. Dutt: It is Time that leads me on in his course. That same time leads you also onward. It is, therefore, that I am not what you are to-day, and you also are not what we are.
न मातृपितृशुश्रूषा न च दैवतपूजनम् नान्यो गुणसमाचारः पुरुषस्य सुखावहः
M. N. Dutt: Dutiful services to parents, respectful adoration of deities, due practice of any good quality,-none of these can confer happiness on any one.
न विद्या न तपो दानं न मित्राणि न बान्धवाः शक्नुवन्ति परित्रातुं नरं कालेन पीडितम्
M. N. Dutt: Neither knowledge nor penances, nor gifts, nor friends, nor kinsmen, can save one who is afflicted by Time.
नागामिनमनर्थं हि प्रतिघातशतैरपि शक्नुवन्ति प्रतिव्योढुमृते बुद्धिबलान्नराः
M. N. Dutt: Even by a thousand means, men cannot avert an impending danger. Intelligence and strength are useless in such cases.
पर्यायैर्हन्यमानानां परित्राता न विद्यते इदं तु दुःखं यच्छक्र कर्ताहमिति मन्यते
M. N. Dutt: None can save men who are afflicted by Time's course. Because, O Shakra, you consider yourself as the actor therefore it is the root of all sorrow.
यदि कर्ता भवेत्कर्ता न क्रियेत कदाचन यस्मात्तु क्रियते कर्ता तस्मात्कर्ताप्यनीश्वरः
M. N. Dutt: If the seeming performner of an act is the real actor thereof, that doer then would not himself be the creation of some one else (viz., the God). Therefore, because the seeming doer is himself the creation of another, that another is the Supreme Being superior to whom there is nothing else.
कालेन त्वाहमजयं कालेनाहं जितस्त्वया गन्ता गतिमतां कालः कालः कलयति प्रजाः
M. N. Dutt: Helped by Time I had defeated you. Helped by time you have defeated me. It is Time which moves all beings.
इन्द्र प्राकृतया बुद्ध्या प्रलपन्नावबुध्यसे केचित्त्वां बहु मन्यन्ते श्रैष्ठ्यं प्राप्तं स्वकर्मणा
M. N. Dutt: O Indra, because your intelligence is very mean you do not see that destruction awaits all things! Some, indeed, respect you as one who has acquired by his own acts the sovereignty of the universe.
कथमस्मद्विधो नाम जानँल्लोकप्रवृत्तयः कालेनाभ्याहतः शोचेन्मुह्येद्वाप्यर्थसंभ्रमे
M. N. Dutt: But, how can one like us who know the course of the world, grieve for having been afflicted by Time, or allow our understanding to be stupefied, or give way to the influence of error?
नित्यं कालपरीतस्य मम वा मद्विधस्य वा बुद्धिर्व्यसनमासाद्य भिन्ना नौरिव सीदति
M. N. Dutt: Even when we are possessed by Time, coming in contact with a calamity, shall my understanding or that of one like me allow itself to be destroyed like a wrecked vessel at sea.
अहं च त्वं च ये चान्ये भविष्यन्ति सुराधिपाः ते सर्वे शक्र यास्यन्ति मार्गमिन्द्रशतैर्गतम्
M. N. Dutt: Myself, yourself, and all those who will in future become the kings of the deities, shall have, O Shakra, to follow the way along which hundreds of Indras have gone before you.
त्वामप्येवं सुदुर्धर्षं ज्वलन्तं परया श्रिया काले परिणते कालः कालयिष्यति मामिव
M. N. Dutt: When your hour will be full, Time will surely destroy you like me,-who are now so invincible and who now shine with matchless splendour.
बहूनीन्द्रसहस्राणि दैतेयानां युगे युगे अभ्यतीतानि कालेन कालो हि दुरतिक्रमः
M. N. Dutt: In time's course many thousands of Indras and of gods have been swept off cycle after cycle. Time, Indeed, is irresistible.
इदं तु लब्ध्वा त्वं स्थानमात्मानं बहु मन्यसे सर्वभूतभवं देवं ब्रह्माणमिव शाश्वतम्
M. N. Dutt: Having secured your present position, you think too much of yourself, even as the Creator of all beings, the divine and eternal Brahman.
न चेदमचलं स्थानमनन्तं वापि कस्यचित् त्वं तु बालिशया बुद्ध्या ममेदमिति मन्यसे
M. N. Dutt: Having secured your present position of yours. With none did it last for ever. On account of a foolish understanding, you consider it immutable and eternal.
अविश्वास्ये विश्वसिषि मन्यसे चाध्रुवं ध्रुवम् ममेयमिति मोहात्त्वं राजश्रियमभीप्ससि
AI Translation: You have faith in the unreliable, you think the impermanent is permanent, Through delusion, you desire the royal glory, thinking, "This is mine."
Supplementary Passages:
12.220.44 After 44ab, Ś1 K1.2.4.6 V1 B0.6-9 Da3.a4 Dn1. n4 Ds D2.3.5.6.8 M5 Kumbh. ed. ins.: *653 नित्यं कालपरीतात्मा भवत्येवं सुरेश्वर
नेयं तव न चास्माकं न चान्येषां स्थिरा मता अतिक्रम्य बहूनन्यांस्त्वयि तावदियं स्थिता
AI Translation: This is not yours, nor ours, nor anyone else's, it is considered unstable. Having surpassed many others, it has remained with you for a while.
कंचित्कालमियं स्थित्वा त्वयि वासव चञ्चला गौर्निपानमिवोत्सृज्य पुनरन्यं गमिष्यति
M. N. Dutt: It had belonged to numberless persons before you. Passing over them it has now become yours. It will say with you, O Vasava, for sometime and then prove its fickleness. Like a cow leaving one drinking ditch for another, it will surely leave you for somebody else.
राजलोका ह्यतिक्रान्ता यान्न संख्यातुमुत्सहे त्वत्तो बहुतराश्चान्ये भविष्यन्ति पुरंदर
M. N. Dutt: So many kings have gone before you that I venture not to calculate them. In the future also, O Purandara, numberless sovereigns will rise after you.
सवृक्षौषधिरत्नेयं ससरित्पर्वताकरा तानिदानीं न पश्यामि यैर्भुक्तेयं पुरा मही
M. N. Dutt: I do not see those kings now that had formerly enjoyed this Earth with her trees, plants, gems, living creatures, waters and mines.
पृथुरैलो मयो भौमो नरकः शम्बरस्तथा अश्वग्रीवः पुलोमा च स्वर्भानुरमितध्वजः
AI Translation: Pṛhur Aiḍa, Maya, Bhūma, Naraka, Śambara, Aśvagrīva, Puloma, Svarbhānu, Amitadhvaja,
प्रह्रादो नमुचिर्दक्षो विप्रचित्तिर्विरोचनः ह्रीनिषेधः सुहोत्रश्च भूरिहा पुष्पवान्वृषः
AI Translation: Prahlāda, Namuci, Dakṣa, Viprachitti, Virocana, Hriniṣeṣa, Suhotra, Bhurihā, Puṣpavāna, Vṛṣa,
सत्येषुरृषभो राहुः कपिलाश्वो विरूपकः बाणः कार्तस्वरो वह्निर्विश्वदंष्ट्रोऽथ नैरृतः
AI Translation: Satyeśvara, Ṛṣabha, Rāhu, Kapilāśva, Virūpaka, Bāṇa, Kārtasvara, Vahni, Viśvadanta, and Nairṛta.
रित्थाहुत्थौ वीरताम्रौ वराहाश्वो रुचिः प्रभुः विश्वजित्प्रतिशौरिश्च वृषाण्डो विष्करो मधुः
AI Translation: Ritha, Ahutha, Vīratāmrā, Varāha, Aśva, Ruci, Prabhu, Viśvajit, Pratiśaurī, Vṛṣaṇḍa, Viṣkara, Madhu,
हिरण्यकशिपुश्चैव कैटभश्चैव दानवः दैत्याश्च कालखञ्जाश्च सर्वे ते नैरृतैः सह
AI Translation: Hiranyakasipu and the demon Kaitabha, and the daityas and the Kalakhanjas, all of them together with the Naitrayas,
एते चान्ये च बहवः पूर्वे पूर्वतराश्च ये दैत्येन्द्रा दानवेन्द्राश्च यांश्चान्याननुशुश्रुम
AI Translation: These and many others, earlier and earlier, the lords of demons and lords of demons, and others whom we have heard of,
बहवः पूर्वदैत्येन्द्राः संत्यज्य पृथिवीं गताः कालेनाभ्याहताः सर्वे कालो हि बलवत्तरः
AI Translation: Many former demon kings have abandoned the earth and gone. All have been overcome by time, for time is stronger.
सर्वैः क्रतुशतैरिष्टं न त्वमेकः शतक्रतुः सर्वे धर्मपराश्चासन्सर्वे सततसत्रिणः
M. N. Dutt: All of them had adored the Creator in hundreds of sacrifices. You are not the only person that has done so. All of them were given to righteousness and all of them always celebrated great sacrifices.
अन्तरिक्षचराः सर्वे सर्वेऽभिमुखयोधिनः सर्वे संहननोपेताः सर्वे परिघबाहवः
M. N. Dutt: All of them were capable of passing through the welkin and all were heroes that never retreated from the battle field. All of them had very strong bodies and all had arms resembling heavy bludgeons.
सर्वे मायाशतधराः सर्वे ते कामचारिणः सर्वे समरमासाद्य न श्रूयन्ते पराजिताः
M. N. Dutt: All of them were adepts in hundreds of illusions, and all could assume any form they liked. We have never heard that having undertaken a battle any of them had ever met with defeat.
सर्वे सत्यव्रतपराः सर्वे कामविहारिणः सर्वे वेदव्रतपराः सर्वे चासन्बहुश्रुताः
M. N. Dutt: All observed the vow of truth, and all of them sported as they wished. Devoted to the Vedas and Vedic rites, all of them were endued with great learning.
सर्वे संहतमैश्वर्यमीश्वराः प्रतिपेदिरे न चैश्वर्यमदस्तेषां भूतपूर्वो महात्मनाम्
M. N. Dutt: Endued with great might, all of them had gained the highest prosperity and affluence. But none of those great kings lead the pride of sovereignty.
सर्वे यथार्थदातारः सर्वे विगतमत्सराः सर्वे सर्वेषु भूतेषु यथावत्प्रतिपेदिरे
M. N. Dutt: All of them were liberal giving to each what each deserved. All of them behaved properly and duly by all creatures.
सर्वे दाक्षायणीपुत्राः प्राजापत्या महाबलाः ज्वलन्तः प्रतपन्तश्च कालेन प्रतिसंहृताः
M. N. Dutt: All of them were the offspring of Daksha's daughters. Gifted with great strength, all were lords of the creation. Burning all things with their energy, all of them shone greatly. Yet all of them were carried away by Time.
त्वं चैवेमां यदा भुक्त्वा पृथिवीं त्यक्ष्यसे पुनः न शक्ष्यसि तदा शक्र नियन्तुं शोकमात्मनः
M. N. Dutt: As regards you. ( Shakra, it is clear that when you shall have, after enjoying the Earth, to leave her you will not be able to control your grief.
मुञ्चेच्छां कामभोगेषु मुञ्चेमं श्रीभवं मदम् एवं स्वराज्यनाशे त्वं शोकं संप्रसहिष्यसि
M. N. Dutt: Relinquish this desire for objects of affection and enjoyment. Relinquish this pride begotten by prosperity. If you act thus, you will then be able to bear the grief consequent on the loss of sovereignty.
शोककाले शुचो मा त्वं हर्षकाले च मा हृषः अतीतानागते हित्वा प्रत्युत्पन्नेन वर्तय
M. N. Dutt: When the hour of sorrow comes, do not give way to it. Likewise, when the hour of joy comes, do not rejoice. Not thinking of both the past and the future, live contentedly with the present.
मां चेदभ्यागतः कालः सदायुक्तमतन्द्रितम् क्षमस्व नचिरादिन्द्र त्वामप्युपगमिष्यति
M. N. Dutt: When Time that never sleeps came upon me that had always been mindful of my duties, bend you heart to the ways of peace, O Indra, for that same Time will very soon meet you.
त्रासयन्निव देवेन्द्र वाग्भिस्तक्षसि मामिह संयते मयि नूनं त्वमात्मानं बहु मन्यसे
M. N. Dutt: You cut me to the quick with your words, and you seem deterinined to terrorise me. Indeed, finding me calm, you think very highly of you.
कालः प्रथममायान्मां पश्चात्त्वामनुधावति तेन गर्जसि देवेन्द्र पूर्वं कालहते मयि
M. N. Dutt: Time had first attacked me. It is even now behind you. I was at first defeated by Time. It was therefore that you did afterwards succeed in defeating me for which you are bragging thus.
को हि स्थातुमलं लोके क्रुद्धस्य मम संयुगे कालस्तु बलवान्प्राप्तस्तेन तिष्ठसि वासव
AI Translation: Who in the world is capable of standing in battle against me when I am angry? But time is powerful, and it is by it that you stand, O Vasava.
यत्तद्वर्षसहस्रान्तं पूर्णं भवितुमर्हति यथा मे सर्वगात्राणि नस्वस्थानि हतौजसः
AI Translation: That which should last for a thousand years, Just as my whole body is not well, my vigor is lost,
अहमैन्द्रच्च्युतः स्थानात्त्वमिन्द्रः प्रकृतो दिवि सुचित्रे जीवलोकेऽस्मिन्नुपास्यः कालपर्ययात्
M. N. Dutt: You will then fall and your limbs will become as miserable as mine now even though I am endued with great energy. I have fallen away from the high place that is occupied by the king of the three worlds. You are not the real Indra in heaven.
किं हि कृत्वा त्वमिन्द्रोऽद्य किं हि कृत्वा च्युता वयम् कालः कर्ता विकर्ता च सर्वमन्यदकारणम्
AI Translation: What have you done, O Indra, that you are now the lord? What have we done that we are now fallen? Time is the maker and unmaker; all else is without cause.
नाशं विनाशमैश्वर्यं सुखदुःखे भवाभवौ विद्वान्प्राप्यैवमत्यर्थं न प्रहृष्येन्न च व्यथेत्
AI Translation: Destruction, non-destruction, sovereignty, happiness, suffering, existence, non-existence, Having attained these, the wise one should not be excessively delighted or distressed.
त्वमेव हीन्द्र वेत्थास्मान्वेदाहं त्वां च वासव विकत्थसे मां किं बद्धं कालेन निरपत्रप
AI Translation: You alone, O Indra, know us, and I know you, O Vasava. Why do you boast to me, bound by time, without shame?
त्वमेव हि पुरा वेत्थ यत्तदा पौरुषं मम समरेषु च विक्रान्तं पर्याप्तं तन्निदर्शनम्
AI Translation: You alone know what that manliness of mine was in the past, and what was my valour in battles; that is sufficient as an example.
आदित्याश्चैव रुद्राश्च साध्याश्च वसुभिः सह मया विनिर्जिताः सर्वे मरुतश्च शचीपते
AI Translation: The Adityas, the Rudras, the Sadhyas, and the Vasus, along with the Maruts, O Shachi's husband, have all been conquered by me.
त्वमेव शक्र जानासि देवासुरसमागमे समेता विबुधा भग्नास्तरसा समरे मया
AI Translation: You alone, O Indra, know that in the encounter between the gods and demons, The assembled gods were defeated by me in battle.
पर्वताश्चासकृत्क्षिप्ताः सवनाः सवनौकसः सटङ्कशिखरा घोराः समरे मूर्ध्नि ते मया
AI Translation: The mountains were thrown again and again, along with the sacrificial fires and their attendants. The peaks of the mountains, with their peaks, were terrible, on your head in battle, by me.
किं नु शक्यं मया कर्तुं यत्कालो दुरतिक्रमः न हि त्वां नोत्सहे हन्तुं सवज्रमपि मुष्टिना
AI Translation: What can I do, since time is difficult to overcome? I do not dare to strike you even with my fist, though you are armed with a thunderbolt.
न तु विक्रमकालोऽयं क्षमाकालोऽयमागतः तेन त्वा मर्षये शक्र दुर्मर्षणतरस्त्वया
AI Translation: But this is not the time for valour, it is the time for forbearance. Therefore, I forgive you, O Indra, who are more difficult to forgive than I.
त्वं मा परिणते काले परीतं कालवह्निना नियतं कालपाशेन बद्धं शक्र विकत्थसे
AI Translation: You, O Śakra, are not free from death, though you are surrounded by the gods. When the time comes, you will be enveloped by the fire of time, bound by
अयं स पुरुषः श्यामो लोकस्य दुरतिक्रमः बद्ध्वा तिष्ठति मां रौद्रः पशुं रशनया यथा
M. N. Dutt: There stands that dark individual who cannot be resisted by the world. There he of fierce form; stands, having bound me like an inferior animal bound with ropes.
लाभालाभौ सुखं दुःखं कामक्रोधौ भवाभवौ वधो बन्धः प्रमोक्षश्च सर्वं कालेन लभ्यते
M. N. Dutt: Gain and loss, happiness and misery, lust and anger, birth and death, captivity and release,-these all one meets in Time's course.
नाहं कर्ता न कर्ता त्वं कर्ता यस्तु सदा प्रभुः सोऽयं पचति कालो मां वृक्षे फलमिवागतम्
M. N. Dutt: I am not the actor. You are not the actor, He is the actor who is omnipotent. Time ripens me like a fruit that is on a tree.
यान्येव पुरुषः कुर्वन्सुखैः कालेन युज्यते पुनस्तान्येव कुर्वाणो दुःखैः कालेन युज्यते
M. N. Dutt: There are certain acts by doing which one person enjoys happiness in Time's course. By doing those very acts another reaps misery in the course of Time.
न च कालेन कालज्ञः स्पृष्टः शोचितुमर्हति तेन शक्र न शोचामि नास्ति शोके सहायता
AI Translation: And one who knows the time is not fit to grieve. Therefore, Śakra, I do not grieve, for there is no help in grief.
यदा हि शोचतां शोको व्यसनं नापकर्षति सामर्थ्यं शोचतो नास्ति नाद्य शोचाम्यहं ततः
AI Translation: For when the grief of those who grieve does not remove their distress, and the one who grieves has no power, therefore I do not grieve today.
एवमुक्तः सहस्राक्षो भगवान्पाकशासनः प्रतिसंहृत्य संरम्भमित्युवाच शतक्रतुः
M. N. Dutt: Thus addressed by the kings of the Daityas, the god of a hundred sacrifices, viz., the powerful and thousand-eyed chastiser of Paka, checked his anger and said these words.'
सवज्रमुद्यतं बाहुं दृष्ट्वा पाशांश्च वारुणान् कस्येह न व्यथेद्बुद्धिर्मृत्योरपि जिघांसतः
M. N. Dutt: Shakra said Seeing this upraised arm of mine, equipt with the thunderbolt, and those nooses of Varuna, who is there whose understanding is not moved, including the very Destroyer himself who brings about the death of all beings.
सा ते न व्यथते बुद्धिरचला तत्त्वदर्शिनी ब्रुवन्न व्यथसे स त्वं वाक्यं सत्यपराक्रम
M. N. Dutt: Your understanding, however, so firm and so endued with visions of the truth has not been moved. 0 you of invincible prowess, verily you are unmoved to-day on account of your fortitude.
को हि विश्वासमर्थेषु शरीरे वा शरीरभृत् कर्तुमुत्सहते लोके दृष्ट्वा संप्रस्थितं जगत्
M. N. Dutt: Seeing all things in this universe as transient, who is there in it, endued with body, that would venture to place confidence on either his body or all the objects of his desire?
अहमप्येवमेवैनं लोकं जानाम्यशाश्वतम् कालाग्नावाहितं घोरे गुह्ये सततगेऽक्षरे
M. N. Dutt: Like yourself I also know that this universe is not eternal, and that it has been thrown into Time's fire that is dreadful though hidden from the view, that is perpetually burning, and that is indeed endless.
न चात्र परिहारोऽस्ति कालस्पृष्टस्य कस्यचित् सूक्ष्माणां महतां चैव भूतानां परिपच्यताम्
M. N. Dutt: Every one is attacked here by Time. Nothing among subtile or gross beings can escape from Time's away. All things are being cooked in Time's pot.
अनीशस्याप्रमत्तस्य भूतानि पचतः सदा अनिवृत्तस्य कालस्य क्षयं प्राप्तो न मुच्यते
M. N. Dutt: Time has no master. Time is ever vigilant. Time is always coO king every thing within itself. No one who has once entered the kingdom of Time which is perpetually going on, can escape therefrom.
अप्रमत्तः प्रमत्तेषु कालो जागर्ति देहिषु प्रयत्नेनाप्यतिक्रान्तो दृष्टपूर्वो न केनचित्
M. N. Dutt: All embodied beings may be careless of Time, but Time is careful and is wide awake behind them. No one has ever been seen to have driven off Time from him.
पुराणः शाश्वतो धर्मः सर्वप्राणभृतां समः कालो न परिहार्यश्च न चास्यास्ति व्यतिक्रमः
M. N. Dutt: Ancient eternal and the embodiment of Justice, Time is always equal about all living creatures. Time cannot be shunned and there is no retrogression in its course.
अहोरात्रांश्च मासांश्च क्षणान्काष्ठाः कला लवान् संपिण्डयति नः कालो वृद्धिं वार्धुषिको यथा
M. N. Dutt: Like a usurer summing up his interest, Time sums up its subtile portions represented by Kalas, lavas, Kashthas, Kshanas, months, and days and nights.
इदमद्य करिष्यामि श्वः कर्तास्मीति वादिनम् कालो हरति संप्राप्तो नदीवेग इवोडुपम्
M. N. Dutt: Like the current of river washing away a tree whose roots it can get at time, approaching him who says,-This I will do to-day but this I will do tomorrow-sweeps him always.'
इदानीं तावदेवासौ मया दृष्टः कथं मृतः इति कालेन ह्रियतां प्रलापः श्रूयते नृणाम्
M. N. Dutt: Time carries away one and men say-I saw him a little while before How has he died?'
नश्यन्त्यर्थास्तथा भोगाः स्थानमैश्वर्यमेव च अनित्यमध्रुवं सर्वं व्यवसायो हि दुष्करः उच्छ्राया विनिपातान्ता भावोऽभावस्थ एव च
AI Translation: Wealth, enjoyments, and even sovereignty are destroyed. Everything is impermanent and unstable. Resolution is difficult. The end of rise is fall. Existence is in the state of non-existence
Supplementary Passages:
12.220.100 After 100cd, K6 V1 B0.6-9 Da3.a4 Dn1.n4 Ds D2.3.5.6.8 Kumbh. ed. ins.: *654 जीवितं जीवलोकस्य कालेनागम्य नीयते while K7 D9 ins.: *655 अहं सुखीति नित्यं च मनसापि न चिन्तयेत्
सा ते न व्यथते बुद्धिरचला तत्त्वदर्शिनी अहमासं पुरा चेति मनसापि न बुध्यसे
M. N. Dutt: Your understanding, firm and endued with true vision, is unmoved. You do not, even in your mind realise what you were sometime before.
कालेनाक्रम्य लोकेऽस्मिन्पच्यमाने बलीयसा अज्येष्ठमकनिष्ठं च क्षिप्यमाणो न बुध्यसे
M. N. Dutt: Attacking the universe, powerful Time cooks it within itself and sweeps away every thing without caring for age or otherwise. Therefore, one who is being dragged by Time is unconscious of the noose put round one's neck.
ईर्ष्याभिमानलोभेषु कामक्रोधभयेषु च स्पृहामोहाभिमानेषु लोकः सक्तो विमुह्यति
M. N. Dutt: to People, wedded jealousy, vanity, cupidity, lust, anger, fear, desire, carelessness, and pride, allow themselves to be stupefied.
भवांस्तु भावतत्त्वज्ञो विद्वाञ्ज्ञानतपोन्वितः कालं पश्यति सुव्यक्तं पाणावामलकं यथा
M. N. Dutt: You, however, know the truth of existence. You are learned and endued with wisdom and penance. You sec Time as clearly like an embolic myrobalan on the palm of your hand.
कालचारित्रतत्त्वज्ञः सर्वशास्त्रविशारदः वैरोचने कृतात्मासि स्पृहणीयो विजानताम्
M. N. Dutt: O son of Virochana, you know full well Time's conduct! You are well versed in all branches of knowledge. You are of purified Soul and a perfect master of your passions. You are a favourite of all wise persons.
सर्वलोको ह्ययं मन्ये बुद्ध्या परिगतस्त्वया विहरन्सर्वतोमुक्तो न क्वचित्परिषज्जसे
M. N. Dutt: With your understanding you have full understood the entire universe. Though you have enjoyed every sort of happiness, you were never attached to anything, and hence you have not been sullied by anything.
रजश्च हि तमश्च त्वा स्पृशतो न जितेन्द्रियम् निष्प्रीतिं नष्टसंतापं त्वमात्मानमुपाससे
M. N. Dutt: The qualities of Darkness and Ignorance do not soil you, for you have conquered your senses. You wait only upon your soul which is divested of both joy and sorrow.
सुहृदं सर्वभूतानां निर्वैरं शान्तमानसम् दृष्ट्वा त्वां मम संजाता त्वय्यनुक्रोशिनी मतिः
M. N. Dutt: I feel mercy for you, because you are the friend of all creatures, without animosity, and your heart being full of tranquillity.
नाहमेतादृशं बुद्धं हन्तुमिच्छामि बन्धने आनृशंस्यं परो धर्मो अनुक्रोशस्तथा त्वयि
M. N. Dutt: I do not wish to afflict an enlightened person like you by keeping him in chains. Abstention from injury is the greatest religion. I feel mercy for you.
मोक्ष्यन्ते वारुणाः पाशास्तवेमे कालपर्ययात् प्रजानामपचारेण स्वस्ति तेऽस्तु महासुर
M. N. Dutt: Those nooses of Varuna, with which you have been fettered, will loosen in Time's course on account of the misconduct of inen. Blessed be you, O great Asura.
यदा श्वश्रूं स्नुषा वृद्धां परिचारेण योक्ष्यते पुत्रश्च पितरं मोहात्प्रेषयिष्यति कर्मसु
AI Translation: When a daughter-in-law will serve her mother-in-law, who is old, and a son, out of delusion, will send his father on errands,
ब्राह्मणैः कारयिष्यन्ति वृषलाः पादधावनम् शूद्राश्च ब्राह्मणीं भार्यामुपयास्यन्ति निर्भयाः
AI Translation: Brahmins will make the low-caste people wash their feet. The Shudras will fearlessly take Brahmin women as their wives.
Supplementary Passages:
12.220.112 After 112, T2 ins.: *656 ब्राह्मणाश्चापि शूद्राश्च भोगार्थे कल्पयन्त्युत
वियोनिषु च बीजानि मोक्ष्यन्ते पुरुषा यदा संकरं कांस्यभाण्डैश्च बलिं चापि कुपात्रकैः
AI Translation: When men will sow seeds in the wrong fields, and offer oblations with brass vessels and in broken bowls,
चातुर्वर्ण्यं यदा कृत्स्नमुन्मर्यादं भविष्यति एकैकस्ते तदा पाशः क्रमशः प्रतिमोक्ष्यते
AI Translation: When the four castes become completely without boundaries, then each of those fetters will be gradually released.
अस्मत्तस्ते भयं नास्ति समयं प्रतिपालय सुखी भव निराबाधः स्वस्थचेता निरामयः
M. N. Dutt: You have no fear from us. Wait quietly. Be happy, Be shorn of all sorrow. Let your heart be cheerful. May you not suffer from illness.
तमेवमुक्त्वा भगवाञ्शतक्रतुः; प्रतिप्रयातो गजराजवाहनः विजित्य सर्वानसुरान्सुराधिपो; ननन्द हर्षेण बभूव चैकराट्
M. N. Dutt: Having said these words to him, the divine Indra, having the prince of elephants for his vehicle, left that place. Having defeated all the Asuras, the king of the gods rejoiced greatly and became the sole master of all the worlds.
महर्षयस्तुष्टुवुरञ्जसा च तं; वृषाकपिं सर्वचराचरेश्वरम् हिमापहो हव्यमुदावहंस्त्वरं;स्तथामृतं चार्पितमीश्वराय ह
M. N. Dutt: The great Rishis lauded that lord of all mobile and immobile creatures. The Fire-God Once more began to carry the libations of clarified butter that were poured into his visible form, and the great god took charge of the nectar that was placed to his care.
द्विजोत्तमैः सर्वगतैरभिष्टुतो; विदीप्ततेजा गतमन्युरीश्वरः प्रशान्तचेता मुदितः स्वमालयं; त्रिविष्टपं प्राप्य मुमोद वासवः
M. N. Dutt: Lauded by the foremost of Brahmanas engaged in sacrifices, the lord Indra, shining with effulgence, his anger quelled and his heart tranquillised, became glad, and returning to his own abode in heaven, began to pass his days in great happiness.