Critical Edition
युधिष्ठिर उवाच पितामहेन विधिवद्यज्ञाः प्रोक्ता महात्मना गुणाश्चैषां यथातत्त्वं प्रेत्य चेह च सर्वशः
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said O grandfather, you have duly described to us the subject of Sacrifices, including the merits in full that attach to them both here and hereafter.
न ते शक्या दरिद्रेण यज्ञाः प्राप्तुं पितामह बहूपकरणा यज्ञा नानासंभारविस्तराः
M. N. Dutt: It should be remembered, however, O grandfather, that Sacrifices are incapable of being celebrated by poor men, for these require a large store of various articles.
पार्थिवै राजपुत्रैर्वा शक्याः प्राप्तुं पितामह नार्थन्यूनैरवगुणैरेकात्मभिरसंहतैः
M. N. Dutt: Indeed, O grandfather, the merit attaching to Sacrifices can be acquired by only kings and princes. That merit is incapable of being acquired by those who have no wealth and power and who live alone and are helpless.
यो दरिद्रैरपि विधिः शक्यः प्राप्तुं सदा भवेत् तुल्यो यज्ञफलैरेतैस्तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह
M. N. Dutt: Do you tell, us O grandfather, what the ordinances are about those acts that are fraught with merit equal to what belongs to Sacrifices and which, therefore, are capable of being performed by poor men.
भीष्म उवाच इदमङ्गिरसा प्रोक्तमुपवासफलात्मकम् विधिं यज्ञफलैस्तुल्यं तन्निबोध युधिष्ठिर
M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said Listen, O Yudhishthira! Those ordinances that I have told you of, those, viz., that were first promulgated by the great Rishis Angirasa, and that have reference to meritorious fasts for their soul, are considered as equal to Sacrifices.
यस्तु कल्यं तथा सायं भुञ्जानो नान्तरा पिबेत् अहिंसानिरतो नित्यं जुह्वानो जातवेदसम्
AI Translation: He who eats in the morning and in the evening, not drinking in between, Devoted to non-violence, always offering oblations to the knower of the past and future,
षड्भिरेव तु वर्षैः स सिध्यते नात्र संशयः तप्तकाञ्चनवर्णं च विमानं लभते नरः
AI Translation: But it is accomplished in just six years, there is no doubt about it. The man obtains a chariot that is the color of heated gold.
देवस्त्रीणामधीवासे नृत्यगीतनिनादिते प्राजापत्ये वसेत्पद्मं वर्षाणामग्निसंनिभे
AI Translation: In the abode of the celestial women, resounding with dancing and singing, One should dwell in the Prajapati abode, resembling fire, in the lotus of the rainy season.
त्रीणि वर्षाणि यः प्राशेत्सततं त्वेकभोजनम् धर्मपत्नीरतो नित्यमग्निष्टोमफलं लभेत्
M. N. Dutt: He who passes three years, taking one meal a day and abstaining all the while from intercourse with any other woman except his own married wife, attains to the merit of the Agnishtoma sacrifice.
द्वितीये दिवसे यस्तु प्राश्नीयादेकभोजनम् सदा द्वादशमासांस्तु जुह्वानो जातवेदसम् यज्ञं बहुसुवर्णं वा वासवप्रियमाहरेत्
AI Translation: One who eats only one meal a day for two days and always offers oblations to the fire for twelve months can bring about a sacrifice with much gold, or one dear to Vasava.
सत्यवाग्दानशीलश्च ब्रह्मण्यश्चानसूयकः क्षान्तो दान्तो जितक्रोधः स गच्छति परां गतिम्
AI Translation: One who is truthful in speech, generous, of good conduct, devoted to Brahman, and free from envy, Patient, self-controlled, and having conquered anger, attains the highest state.
पाण्डुराभ्रप्रतीकाशे विमाने हंसलक्षणे द्वे समाप्ते ततः पद्मे सोऽप्सरोभिर्वसेत्सह
AI Translation: In a chariot that resembles a white cloud, marked with a swan, and with two lotuses fully blossomed, he would dwell with the celestial nymphs.
Supplementary Passages:
13.110.12 V1 B1-4 Dn D5.10 ins. after 12: B5 after 20: D1.2.4.6-8 after 13: *531 अग्निकार्यपरो नित्यं नित्यं कल्यप्रबोधनः अग्निष्टोमस्य यज्ञस्य फलं प्राप्नोति मानवः हंससारसयुक्तं च विमानं लभते नरः इन्द्रलोके च वसते वरस्त्रीभिः समावृतः
तृतीये दिवसे यस्तु प्राश्नीयादेकभोजनम् सदा द्वादशमासांस्तु जुह्वानो जातवेदसम्
AI Translation: One who eats only one meal a day for three days, and always offers oblations to the knower of all for twelve months,
अतिरात्रस्य यज्ञस्य फलं प्राप्नोत्यनुत्तमम् मयूरहंससंयुक्तं विमानं लभते नरः
AI Translation: He attains the supreme fruit of the Atiratra sacrifice. The man obtains a chariot adorned with peacocks and swans.
सप्तर्षीणां सदा लोके सोऽप्सरोभिर्वसेत्सह निवर्तनं च तत्रास्य त्रीणि पद्मानि वै विदुः
AI Translation: He would always dwell in the world of the seven sages, together with the celestial nymphs. And there, they know, are three lotuses.
दिवसे यश्चतुर्थे तु प्राश्नीयादेकभोजनम् सदा द्वादशमासान्वै जुह्वानो जातवेदसम्
AI Translation: One who eats once a day on the fourth day of the month, and always for twelve months, offering to the knower of the past, present and future,
वाजपेयस्य यज्ञस्य फलं प्राप्नोत्यनुत्तमम् इन्द्रकन्याभिरूढं च विमानं लभते नरः
AI Translation: He attains the supreme fruit of the Vājapeya sacrifice. The man obtains a chariot borne by Indra's daughters.
सागरस्य च पर्यन्ते वासवं लोकमावसेत् देवराजस्य च क्रीडां नित्यकालमवेक्षते
AI Translation: And at the edge of the ocean, he would dwell in the world of Vasava, And would always behold the play of the king of the gods.
दिवसे पञ्चमे यस्तु प्राश्नीयादेकभोजनम् सदा द्वादशमासांस्तु जुह्वानो जातवेदसम्
AI Translation: One who eats only one meal a day for five days, and always offers oblations to the knower of all, for twelve months,
अलुब्धः सत्यवादी च ब्रह्मण्यश्चाविहिंसकः अनसूयुरपापस्थो द्वादशाहफलं लभेत्
AI Translation: One who is not greedy, truthful, devoted to Brahman, non-violent, not envious, not in a sinful state, obtains the fruit of the twelve-day vow.
जाम्बूनदमयं दिव्यं विमानं हंसलक्षणम् सूर्यमालासमाभासमारोहेत्पाण्डुरं गृहम्
M. N. Dutt: The car he rides, is made of gold and drawn by swans and effulgent like many suns rising together. He acquires, besides, a palatial building of pure white.
Supplementary Passages:
13.110.21 After 21ab, T1 ins.: *532 अतिरात्रफलं प्राप्य अप्सरोभिः प्रमोदते
आवर्तनानि चत्वारि तथा पद्मानि द्वादश शराग्निपरिमाणं च तत्रासौ वसते सुखम्
M. N. Dutt: He lives there happily for full one and fifty Padmas of years.
दिवसे यस्तु षष्ठे वै मुनिः प्राशेत भोजनम् सदा द्वादशमासान्वै जुह्वानो जातवेदसम्
AI Translation: One who eats once a day on the sixth day of the month, and always for twelve months, offering to the knower of the past, present and future,
सदा त्रिषवणस्नायी ब्रह्मचार्यनसूयकः गवामयस्य यज्ञस्य फलं प्राप्नोत्यनुत्तमम्
AI Translation: One who always bathes three times a day, is celibate, and is not envious, attains the supreme fruit of the sacrifice of cows.
अग्निज्वालासमाभासं हंसबर्हिणसेवितम् शातकुम्भमयं युक्तं साधयेद्यानमुत्तमम्
M. N. Dutt: He acquires an excellent car adorned with pure gold, effulgent like a blazing fire and drawn by swans and peacocks.
तथैवाप्सरसामङ्के प्रसुप्तः प्रतिबुध्यते नूपुराणां निनादेन मेखलानां च निस्वनैः
M. N. Dutt: He sleeps on the lap of Apsaras and is awakened every morning by the melodious sound of Nupuras and Kanchis.
कोटीसहस्रं वर्षाणां त्रीणि कोटिशतानि च पद्मान्यष्टादश तथा पताके द्वे तथैव च
M. N. Dutt: He leads such a happy life for ten thousand millions of years and three thousand millions besides and eight and ten Padmas and two Patakas.
अयुतानि च पञ्चाशदृक्षचर्मशतस्य च लोम्नां प्रमाणेन समं ब्रह्मलोके महीयते
M. N. Dutt: Such a man lives also, honoured by all, in the region of Brahma for as many years as there are hairs on the bodies of five thousand bears.
दिवसे सप्तमे यस्तु प्राश्नीयादेकभोजनम् सदा द्वादशमासान्वै जुह्वानो जातवेदसम्
AI Translation: One who eats only one meal a day for seven days, and always for twelve months, offering to the knower of the past, present and future,
सरस्वतीं गोपयानो ब्रह्मचर्यं समाचरन् सुमनोवर्णकं चैव मधुमांसं च वर्जयेत्
AI Translation: While protecting Sarasvati, he should practice celibacy. He should avoid flowers, colors, honey, and meat.
पुरुषो मरुतां लोकमिन्द्रलोकं च गच्छति तत्र तत्र च सिद्धार्थो देवकन्याभिरुह्यते
AI Translation: He goes to the world of the Maruts and to the world of Indra, and there, having accomplished his purpose, he is borne by celestial maidens.
फलं बहुसुवर्णस्य यज्ञस्य लभते नरः संख्यामतिगुणां चापि तेषु लोकेषु मोदते
AI Translation: The man obtains the fruit of a sacrifice with many gold coins. He rejoices in those worlds with a number of qualities.
यस्तु संवत्सरं क्षान्तो भुङ्क्तेऽहन्यष्टमे नरः देवकार्यपरो नित्यं जुह्वानो जातवेदसम्
AI Translation: One who is able to endure for a year, eating on the eighth day of each month, Always engaged in divine activities, offering oblations to the knower of all.
पौण्डरीकस्य यज्ञस्य फलं प्राप्नोत्यनुत्तमम् पद्मवर्णनिभं चैव विमानमधिरोहति
AI Translation: He attains the supreme fruit of the sacrifice of Pundarika. He ascends a celestial chariot that is the color of a lotus.
कृष्णाः कनकगौर्यश्च नार्यः श्यामास्तथापराः वयोरूपविलासिन्यो लभते नात्र संशयः
AI Translation: The dark ones, the golden ones, the fair ones, and the dark ones, the young ones, the beautiful ones, the playful ones - there is no doubt that one obtains them.
यस्तु संवत्सरं भुङ्क्ते नवमे नवमेऽहनि सदा द्वादशमासान्वै जुह्वानो जातवेदसम्
AI Translation: One who eats every ninth day for a year, always offering to the knower of the born, for twelve months,
अश्वमेधस्य यज्ञस्य फलं प्राप्नोति मानवः पुण्डरीकप्रकाशं च विमानं लभते नरः
AI Translation: The man obtains the fruit of the horse sacrifice. The man obtains a chariot shining like a lotus.
दीप्तसूर्याग्नितेजोभिर्दिव्यमालाभिरेव च नीयते रुद्रकन्याभिः सोऽन्तरिक्षं सनातनम्
AI Translation: By the rays of the shining sun and fire, and by divine garlands, He is led through the sky by the daughters of Rudra, that eternal one.
अष्टादशसहस्राणि वर्षाणां कल्पमेव च कोटीशतसहस्रं च तेषु लोकेषु मोदते
AI Translation: Eighteen thousand years is one eon. He rejoices in those worlds for a hundred thousand million years.
यस्तु संवत्सरं भुङ्क्ते दशाहे वै गते गते सदा द्वादशमासान्वै जुह्वानो जातवेदसम्
AI Translation: One who eats for a year, after ten days have passed, Always for twelve months, offering to the knower of the born,
ब्रह्मकन्यानिवेशे च सर्वभूतमनोहरे अश्वमेधसहस्रस्य फलं प्राप्नोत्यनुत्तमम्
AI Translation: In the abode of Brahma's daughter, enchanting to all beings, One attains the supreme fruit of a thousand horse sacrifices.
रूपवत्यश्च तं कन्या रमयन्ति सदा नरम् नीलोत्पलनिभैर्वर्णै रक्तोत्पलनिभैस्तथा
M. N. Dutt: These ladies, possessed of such beauty, and some of them possessed of colour of the lotus and some like that of the same flower of the blue variety, always keep him in joy. He acquires a beautiful car which moves in beautiful circles and which looks like the dense cloud called Avarta, resemble also an ocean wave.
विमानं मण्डलावर्तमावर्तगहनावृतम् सागरोर्मिप्रतीकाशं साधयेद्यानमुत्तमम्
AI Translation: The vehicle, surrounded by a circle of whirlpools, covered by whirlpools, Resembling the waves of the ocean, one should accomplish the supreme vehicle.
विचित्रमणिमालाभिर्नादितं शङ्खपुष्करैः स्फाटिकैर्वज्रसारैश्च स्तम्भैः सुकृतवेदिकम् आरोहति महद्यानं हंससारसवाहनम्
M. N. Dutt: He rides such a car, drawn by swans and cranes, and lives for millions and millions of years in great happiness in Heaven.
एकादशे तु दिवसे यः प्राप्ते प्राशते हविः सदा द्वादशमासान्वै जुह्वानो जातवेदसम्
M. N. Dutt: That man who having fasted twelve days, eats a little clarified butter on the thirteenth, and acts thus for a whose year, succeeds in acquiring the merits of the divine sacrifice.
परस्त्रियो नाभिलषेद्वाचाथ मनसापि वा अनृतं च न भाषेत मातापित्रोः कृतेऽपि वा
AI Translation: He should not desire another's wife, either in speech or in mind, and should not speak untruth even for the sake of his mother and father.
अभिगच्छेन्महादेवं विमानस्थं महाबलम् स्वयंभुवं च पश्येत विमानं समुपस्थितम्
AI Translation: He should approach the greatly powerful Mahadeva, seated in a chariot, and see the self-existent one, the chariot that has come.
कुमार्यः काञ्चनाभासा रूपवत्यो नयन्ति तम् रुद्राणां तमधीवासं दिवि दिव्यं मनोहरम्
AI Translation: The maidens, golden-hued, beautiful, lead him to the abode of the Rudras, divine, charming in heaven.
वर्षाण्यपरिमेयानि युगान्तमपि चावसेत् कोटीशतसहस्रं च दश कोटिशतानि च
AI Translation: He would live for innumerable years, even to the end of the eon, and for a hundred thousand million times ten million.
रुद्रं नित्यं प्रणमते देवदानवसंमतम् स तस्मै दर्शनं प्राप्तो दिवसे दिवसे भवेत्
AI Translation: He who always bows to Rudra, esteemed by gods and demons, He would attain his vision every day.
दिवसे द्वादशे यस्तु प्राप्ते वै प्राशते हविः सदा द्वादशमासान्वै सर्वमेधफलं लभेत्
M. N. Dutt: That man who having fasted twelve days, eats a little clarified butter on the thirteenth, and acts thus for a whose year, succeeds in acquiring the merits of the divine sacrifice.
Supplementary Passages:
13.110.51 After 51abc, D10 T1.3 G ins.: *533 जुह्वानो जातवेदसम् नियमेन समायुक्तः
आदित्यैर्द्वादशैस्तस्य विमानं संविधीयते मणिमुक्ताप्रवालैश्च महार्हैरुपशोभितम्
AI Translation: The chariot of that one is made with twelve suns, Adorned with precious gems, pearls, coral, and other precious things.
हंसमालापरिक्षिप्तं नागवीथीसमाकुलम् मयूरैश्चक्रवाकैश्च कूजद्भिरुपशोभितम्
AI Translation: It was adorned with a row of elephants, and was surrounded by a garland of swans. It was beautified by peacocks and ruddy geese that were cooing.
अट्टैर्महद्भिः संयुक्तं ब्रह्मलोके प्रतिष्ठितम् नित्यमावसते राजन्नरनारीसमावृतम् ऋषिरेवं महाभागस्त्वङ्गिराः प्राह धर्मवित्
AI Translation: It is established in the world of Brahma, adorned with great palaces. The king always resides there, surrounded by men and women. The sage Angirasa, the greatly fortunate knower of
Supplementary Passages:
13.110.54 After 54, T1 ins.: *534 विमानमधिरुह्याशु ब्रह्मलोके महीयते
त्रयोदशे तु दिवसे यः प्राप्ते प्राशते हविः सदा द्वादश मासान्वै देवसत्रफलं लभेत्
M. N. Dutt: That man who having fasted twelve days, eats a little clarified butter on the thirteenth, and acts thus for a whose year, succeeds in acquiring the merits of the divine sacrifice.
रक्तपद्मोदयं नाम विमानं साधयेन्नरः जातरूपप्रयुक्तं च रत्नसंचयभूषितम्
M. N. Dutt: Such a man gets a car of the colour of the new-blown lotus, adorned with pure gold and heaps of jewels and gems.
Supplementary Passages:
13.110.56 After 56ab, T1 ins.: *535 तत्र गत्वा समुत्थितो देवकन्याभिरावृतः
देवकन्याभिराकीर्णं दिव्याभरणभूषितम् पुण्यगन्धोदयं दिव्यं वायव्यैरुपशोभितम्
M. N. Dutt: He goes to the regions of the Maruts which are full of celestial ladies, which are adorned with every kind of celestial ornament, which are filled with celestial perfumes, and which contain every element of happiness,
तत्र शङ्कुपताकं च युगान्तं कल्पमेव च अयुतायुतं तथा पद्मं समुद्रं च तथा वसेत्
M. N. Dutt: That resolute resides in the abode of Brahma for the period counted as two Shankha, two Mahapadma, a Kalpa, four ages, ten crore and four Padma years.
गीतगन्धर्वघोषैश्च भेरीपणवनिस्वनैः सदा प्रमुदितस्ताभिर्देवकन्याभिरीड्यते
M. N. Dutt: Soothed with the sound of music and the sweet voice of Gandharvas and the sounds and blare of drums and Panavas, he is constantly pleased by celestial ladies of great beauty.
चतुर्दशे तु दिवसे यः पूर्णे प्राशते हविः सदा द्वादश मासान्वै महामेधफलं लभेत्
M. N. Dutt: That man who having fasted for thirteen days, eats a little clarified butter on the fourteenth day, and acts thus for a full year, acquires the merits of the Mahamedha sacrifice.
अनिर्देश्यवयोरूपा देवकन्याः स्वलंकृताः मृष्टतप्ताङ्गदधरा विमानैरनुयान्ति तम्
M. N. Dutt: Celestial ladies of indescribable beauty, and whose age cannot be determined for they look ever young, adorned with every ornament and with armlets of blazing effulgence, wait upon him with many cars and follow him in his journeys.
कलहंसविनिर्घोषैर्नूपुराणां च निस्वनैः काञ्चीनां च समुत्कर्षैस्तत्र तत्र विबोध्यते
M. N. Dutt: He is waked every morning from his bed by the melodious note of swans, the tinkle of Nupuras, and the highly agreeable jingle of Kanchis. Indeed, he lives in a superior house, waited upon by such celestial ladies, for years as countless as the sands on the shores of Ganga.
देवकन्यानिवासे च तस्मिन्वसति मानवः जाह्नवीवालुकाकीर्णे पूर्णं संवत्सरं नरः
AI Translation: If a man dwells in that place which is like the abode of celestial maidens, and if a man dwells on the sandbanks of the Ganges for a full year,
यस्तु पक्षे गते भुङ्क्ते एकभक्तं जितेन्द्रियः सदा द्वादश मासांस्तु जुह्वानो जातवेदसम् राजसूयसहस्रस्य फलं प्राप्नोत्यनुत्तमम्
AI Translation: One who eats one meal a day, with controlled senses, when the sun has gone beyond the horizon, and always offers oblations to the fire for twelve months, attains the supreme fruit of a thousand royal sacrifices.
यानमारोहते नित्यं हंसबर्हिणसेवितम् मणिमण्डलकैश्चित्रं जातरूपसमावृतम्
AI Translation: He always rides in a vehicle that is served by swans and peacocks, adorned with circles of jewels and covered with gold.
दिव्याभरणशोभाभिर्वरस्त्रीभिरलंकृतम् एकस्तम्भं चतुर्द्वारं सप्तभौमं सुमङ्गलम् वैजयन्तीसहस्रैश्च शोभितं गीतनिस्वनैः
AI Translation: Adorned with divine ornaments and splendor, adorned with excellent women, One pillar, four doors, seven stories, very auspicious, Adorned with thousands of victory banners and the sound of singing.
दिव्यं दिव्यगुणोपेतं विमानमधिरोहति मणिमुक्ताप्रवालैश्च भूषितं वैद्युतप्रभम् वसेद्युगसहस्रं च खड्गकुञ्जरवाहनः
AI Translation: He ascends to a divine celestial vehicle endowed with divine qualities, Adorned with jewels, pearls, and coral, shining with lightning. Riding a sword-elephant, he dwells for a thousand yugas.
षोडशे दिवसे यस्तु संप्राप्ते प्राशते हविः सदा द्वादश मासान्वै सोमयज्ञफलं लभेत्
AI Translation: One who eats the oblation on the sixteenth day, and always for twelve months, obtains the fruit of the Soma sacrifice.
सोमकन्यानिवासेषु सोऽध्यावसति नित्यदा सौम्यगन्धानुलिप्तश्च कामचारगतिर्भवेत्
AI Translation: He always dwells in the abodes of the daughters of Soma. He is anointed with fragrant scents and has the power to go wherever he wishes.
सुदर्शनाभिर्नारीभिर्मधुराभिस्तथैव च अर्च्यते वै विमानस्थः कामभोगैश्च सेव्यते
AI Translation: He is worshipped by women named Sudarśanā and Madhurā, and so on, and is served with sensual pleasures while dwelling in a celestial palace.
फलं पद्मशतप्रख्यं महाकल्पं दशाधिकम् आवर्तनानि चत्वारि सागरे यात्यसौ नरः
AI Translation: The fruit is like a hundred lotuses, for ten great eons plus one. The man goes to the ocean for four revolutions.
दिवसे सप्तदशमे यः प्राप्ते प्राशते हविः सदा द्वादश मासान्वै जुह्वानो जातवेदसम्
AI Translation: One who eats the oblation when the seventeenth day has arrived, and one who offers oblations to the knower of all beings for twelve months,
स्थानं वारुणमैन्द्रं च रौद्रं चैवाधिगच्छति मारुतौशनसे चैव ब्रह्मलोकं च गच्छति
AI Translation: He attains the abode of Varuṇa, Indra, and Rudra, and also the abode of the wind and the sun, and goes to the world of Brahmā.
तत्र दैवतकन्याभिरासनेनोपचर्यते भूर्भुवं चापि देवर्षिं विश्वरूपमवेक्षते
M. N. Dutt: There he is waited upon by celestial ladies and sees the celestial Rishi called Bhurbhuva and sees the entire universe.
तत्र देवाधिदेवस्य कुमार्यो रमयन्ति तम् द्वात्रिंशद्रूपधारिण्यो मधुराः समलंकृताः
M. N. Dutt: The daughters of the king of the dcities gladden him there. Those damsels, of agreeable manners and adorned with every ornament, are capable of assuming thirty-two forms.
चन्द्रादित्यावुभौ यावद्गगने चरतः प्रभो तावच्चरत्यसौ वीरः सुधामृतरसाशनः
M. N. Dutt: As long as the Sun and Moon move in the sky, so long does that wise man live in those regions of happiness, living upon the succulence of ambrosia and nectar.
अष्टादशे तु दिवसे प्राश्नीयादेकभोजनम् सदा द्वादश मासान्वै सप्त लोकान्स पश्यति
M. N. Dutt: That man who having fasted for seventeen days, takes only one meal on the eighteenth day, and acts thus for a whose year, succeeds! in seeing the seven regions of the universe.
रथैः सनन्दिघोषैश्च पृष्ठतः सोऽनुगम्यते देवकन्याधिरूढैस्तु भ्राजमानैः स्वलंकृतैः
M. N. Dutt: While making his journeys on his car, he is always followed by a large train of cars producing the most agreeable rattle and ridden by celestial ladies shining with ornaments and beauty.
व्याघ्रसिंहप्रयुक्तं च मेघस्वननिनादितम् विमानमुत्तमं दिव्यं सुसुखी ह्यधिरोहति
M. N. Dutt: Enjoying the greatest happiness, the car he rides, is celestial and endued with the greatest beauty. It is drawn by lions and tigers, and produces ratile as deep as the muttering of the clouds.
तत्र कल्पसहस्रं स कान्ताभिः सह मोदते सुधारसं च भुञ्जीत अमृतोपममुत्तमम्
M. N. Dutt: He lives in such happiness for a thousand aeons, living with celestial ladies upon ambrosia that is as sweet as nectar itself.
एकोनविंशे दिवसे यो भुङ्क्ते एकभोजनम् सदा द्वादश मासान्वै सप्त लोकान्स पश्यति
M. N. Dutt: That man who having fasted, for eighteen days, eats only one meal on the nineteenth day and acts thus for a full year, succeeds in perceiving all the seven regions of the universe.
उत्तमं लभते स्थानमप्सरोगणसेवितम् गन्धर्वैरुपगीतं च विमानं सूर्यवर्चसम्
M. N. Dutt: The region to which he attains is peopled by various tribes of Apsaras and resounds with the sweet note of Gandharvas. The car he rides is effulgent like the sun.
तत्रामरवरस्त्रीभिर्मोदते विगतज्वरः दिव्याम्बरधरः श्रीमानयुतानां शतं समाः
M. N. Dutt: His heart shorn of every anxiety, he is waited upon by the foremost of celestial ladies. Decked with celestial garlands, and possessed of beauty, he lives in such happiness for millions and millions of years.
पूर्णेऽथ दिवसे विंशे यो भुङ्क्ते ह्येकभोजनम् सदा द्वादश मासांस्तु सत्यवादी धृतव्रतः
AI Translation: One who eats only one meal a day on the twentieth day of the lunar month, and who is truthful and steadfast in vows for twelve months,
अमांसाशी ब्रह्मचारी सर्वभूतहिते रतः स लोकान्विपुलान्दिव्यानादित्यानामुपाश्नुते
AI Translation: One who eats no meat, is celibate, and is devoted to the welfare of all beings attains the vast and divine worlds of the Adityas.
गन्धर्वैरप्सरोभिश्च दिव्यमाल्यानुलेपनैः विमानैः काञ्चनैर्दिव्यैः पृष्ठतश्चानुगम्यते
M. N. Dutt: While making his journeys on his own car, he is followed by a large train of cars ridden by Gandharvas and Apsaras decked with celestial garlands and perfumes.
एकविंशे तु दिवसे यो भुङ्क्ते ह्येकभोजनम् सदा द्वादश मासान्वै जुह्वानो जातवेदसम्
AI Translation: One who eats only one meal on the twenty-first day, and always offers oblations to the knower of all, for twelve months,
लोकमौशनसं दिव्यं शक्रलोकं च गच्छति अश्विनोर्मरुतां चैव सुखेष्वभिरतः सदा
AI Translation: He goes to the divine world of the sages, to the world of Indra, and to the world of the Ashvins and Maruts, always delighting in happiness.
अनभिज्ञश्च दुःखानां विमानवरमास्थितः सेव्यमानो वरस्त्रीभिः क्रीडत्यमरवत्प्रभुः
M. N. Dutt: Unacquainted with all sorrows; he rides the foremost of cars for making his journeys, and waited upon by foremost of celestial ladies, and possessed of power, he sports in joy like a celestial himself.
द्वाविंशे दिवसे प्राप्ते यो भुङ्क्ते ह्येकभोजनम् सदा द्वादश मासान्वै जुह्वानो जातवेदसम्
M. N. Dutt: That man who having fasted for twentyone day, and acts thus for a full year, pouring libations on his sacred fire every day, abstaining from injuring any creature, observing truthfulness of speech, and freed from malice, acquires the regions of the Vasus and becomes endued with solar effulgence.
धृतिमानहिंसानिरतः सत्यवागनसूयकः लोकान्वसूनामाप्नोति दिवाकरसमप्रभः
AI Translation: He who is steadfast, devoted to non-violence, truthful in speech, and free from envy, attains the worlds of the Vasus, with a radiance equal to the sun.
कामचारी सुधाहारो विमानवरमास्थितः रमते देवकन्याभिर्दिव्याभरणभूषितः
M. N. Dutt: Gifted with the power of going every where that will, living upon nectar, and riding on the foremost of cars, his body decked with celestial ornaments, he sports in joy in the company of celestial ladies.
त्रयोविंशे तु दिवसे प्राशेद्यस्त्वेकभोजनम् सदा द्वादश मासांस्तु मिताहारो जितेन्द्रियः
AI Translation: On the twenty-third day, he should eat once a day. For twelve months, always with controlled diet and senses.
वायोरुशनसश्चैव रुद्रलोकं च गच्छति कामचारी कामगमः पूज्यमानोऽप्सरोगणैः
AI Translation: He goes to the world of Rudra, the son of Vayu and Ushanas. He roams as he pleases, going where he wishes, worshipped by groups of celestial nymphs.
अनेकगुणपर्यन्तं विमानवरमास्थितः रमते देवकन्याभिर्दिव्याभरणभूषितः
M. N. Dutt: Gifted with the power of going every where that will, living upon nectar, and riding on the foremost of cars, his body decked with celestial ornaments, he sports in joy in the company of celestial ladies.
चतुर्विंशे तु दिवसे यः प्राशेदेकभोजनम् सदा द्वादश मासान्वै जुह्वानो जातवेदसम्
M. N. Dutt: That man who having fasted for twenty four days, takes a single meal on the twentyfifth day, and acts thus for full year, Succeeds in getting a car of the foremost kind, full of every object of enjoyment.
आदित्यानामधीवासे मोदमानो वसेच्चिरम् दिव्यमाल्याम्बरधरो दिव्यगन्धानुलेपनः
AI Translation: May I dwell long in the abode of the Adityas, rejoicing. Wearing divine garlands and garments, anointed with divine perfumes,
विमाने काञ्चने दिव्ये हंसयुक्ते मनोरमे रमते देवकन्यानां सहस्रैरयुतैस्तथा
AI Translation: In a golden celestial chariot, yoked with swans, delightful, He sports with thousands and ten thousands of celestial maidens.
पञ्चविंशे तु दिवसे यः प्राशेदेकभोजनम् सदा द्वादश मासांस्तु पुष्कलं यानमारुहेत्
M. N. Dutt: That man who having fasted for twenty four days, takes a single meal on the twentyfifth day, and acts thus for full year, Succeeds in getting a car of the foremost kind, full of every object of enjoyment.
सिंहव्याघ्रप्रयुक्तैश्च मेघस्वननिनादितैः रथैः सनन्दिघोषैश्च पृष्ठतः सोऽनुगम्यते
AI Translation: With chariots drawn by lions and tigers, resounding with the roar of clouds, With the sound of bells, he is followed by them.
देवकन्यासमारूढै राजतैर्विमलैः शुभैः विमानमुत्तमं दिव्यमास्थाय सुमनोहरम्
AI Translation: Riding on celestial maidens, on pure, auspicious silver chariots, Ascending an excellent, divine, beautiful celestial chariot,
तत्र कल्पसहस्रं वै वसते स्त्रीशतावृते सुधारसं चोपजीवन्नमृतोपममुत्तमम्
AI Translation: There, surrounded by hundreds of women, he lives for a thousand eons, enjoying the nectar-like, supreme ambrosia.
षड्विंशे दिवसे यस्तु प्राश्नीयादेकभोजनम् सदा द्वादश मासांस्तु नियतो नियताशनः
AI Translation: One who eats one meal a day on the twenty-sixth day, and is always restrained and controlled in eating for twelve months,
जितेन्द्रियो वीतरागो जुह्वानो जातवेदसम् स प्राप्नोति महाभागः पूज्यमानोऽप्सरोगणैः
AI Translation: He who has conquered the senses, is free from passion, and offers oblations to the fire, He attains great fortune, being worshipped by groups of celestial nymphs.
सप्तानां मरुतां लोकान्वसूनां चापि सोऽश्नुते विमाने स्फाटिके दिव्ये सर्वरत्नैरलंकृते
AI Translation: He enjoys the worlds of the seven Maruts and the Vasus. In a crystal palace, divine and adorned with all jewels,
गन्धर्वैरप्सरोभिश्च पूज्यमानः प्रमोदते द्वे युगानां सहस्रे तु दिव्ये दिव्येन तेजसा
AI Translation: He is worshipped by Gandharvas and Apsaras and rejoices. For two thousand Yugas, with divine splendour,
सप्तविंशे तु दिवसे यः प्राशेदेकभोजनम् सदा द्वादश मासांस्तु जुह्वानो जातवेदसम्
M. N. Dutt: That man who having fasted for twenty four days, takes a single meal on the twentyfifth day, and acts thus for full year, Succeeds in getting a car of the foremost kind, full of every object of enjoyment.
फलं प्राप्नोति विपुलं देवलोके च पूज्यते अमृताशी वसंस्तत्र स वितृप्तः प्रमोदते
AI Translation: He attains vast fruit and is worshipped in the world of the gods. Dwelling there, eating ambrosia, he is satisfied and rejoices.
देवर्षिचरितं राजन्राजर्षिभिरधिष्ठितम् अध्यावसति दिव्यात्मा विमानवरमास्थितः
M. N. Dutt: His soul purified of every dross and making his journeys on a celestial car of great beauty, he lives there, O king, acting like the celestial Rishis and the royal sages.
स्त्रीभिर्मनोभिरामाभी रममाणो मदोत्कटः युगकल्पसहस्राणि त्रीण्यावसति वै सुखम्
M. N. Dutt: Gifted with great energy, he lives there in great happiness in the company of celestial ladies of highly agreeable manners, for three thousand cycles and aeons.
योऽष्टाविंशे तु दिवसे प्राश्नीयादेकभोजनम् सदा द्वादश मासांस्तु जितात्मा विजितेन्द्रियः
AI Translation: One who eats only one meal a day on the twenty-eighth day, and always for twelve months, with a controlled mind and senses,
फलं देवर्षिचरितं विपुलं समुपाश्नुते भोगवांस्तेजसा भाति सहस्रांशुरिवामलः
AI Translation: He attains the vast fruit of the conduct of the celestial sages. He is endowed with wealth and shines with splendor, like the spotless thousand-rayed sun.
सुकुमार्यश्च नार्यस्तं रममाणाः सुवर्चसः पीनस्तनोरुजघना दिव्याभरणभूषिताः
AI Translation: And the women, delicate and radiant, were sporting with him, with full breasts, thighs and hips, adorned with divine ornaments.
रमयन्ति मनः कान्ता विमाने सूर्यसंनिभे सर्वकामगमे दिव्ये कल्पायुतशतं समाः
AI Translation: The beloveds delight the mind in a celestial chariot that is like the sun, going everywhere as desired, divine, for a hundred thousand eons.
एकोनत्रिंशे दिवसे यः प्राशेदेकभोजनम् सदा द्वादश मासान्वै सत्यव्रतपरायणः
AI Translation: One who eats only one meal a day for twenty-nine days, and is always devoted to the vow of truth for twelve months,
तस्य लोकाः शुभा दिव्या देवराजर्षिपूजिताः विमानं चन्द्रशुभ्राभं दिव्यं समधिगच्छति
AI Translation: His worlds are auspicious and divine, worshipped by gods and sages. He attains a divine celestial palace with a luster like the moon.
जातरूपमयं युक्तं सर्वरत्नविभूषितम् अप्सरोगणसंपूर्णं गन्धर्वैरभिनादितम्
AI Translation: Made of gold, adorned with all kinds of jewels, Filled with groups of apsarases, resounding with gandharvas,
तत्र चैनं शुभा नार्यो दिव्याभरणभूषिताः मनोभिरामा मधुरा रमयन्ति मदोत्कटाः
M. N. Dutt: Thereon he is attended by auspicious ladies adorned with celestial ornaments of every sort. Gifted with sweet dispositions and agreeable features, and endued with great energy, se gladden him with their company.
भोगवांस्तेजसा युक्तो वैश्वानरसमप्रभः दिव्यो दिव्येन वपुषा भ्राजमान इवामरः
M. N. Dutt: Endued with every article of enjoyment and with great energy, and possessed of the splendour of a burning fire, he shines like a celestial, with a celestial form having every excellence.
वसूनां मरुतां चैव साध्यानामश्विनोस्तथा रुद्राणां च तथा लोकान्ब्रह्मलोकं च गच्छति
M. N. Dutt: The regions he attains are those of the Vasus and the Maruts, of the Saddhyas and the Ashvins, of the Rudras and of Brahman himself.
यस्तु मासे गते भुङ्क्ते एकभक्तं शमात्मकः सदा द्वादश मासान्वै ब्रह्मलोकमवाप्नुयात्
M. N. Dutt: That man who having fasted for a full month, takes a single meal on the first day of the following month, and acts thus for a full year, loO king on all things impartially, attains to the regions of Brahman himself.
सुधारसकृताहारः श्रीमान्सर्वमनोहरः तेजसा वपुषा लक्ष्म्या भ्राजते रश्मिवानिव
M. N. Dutt: There he lives upon ambrosia. Gifted with a beautiful form highly agreeable to all, he shines with energy and prosperity like the sun himself of a thousand rays.
दिव्यमाल्याम्बरधरो दिव्यगन्धानुलेपनः सुखेष्वभिरतो योगी दुःखानामविजानकः
M. N. Dutt: Devoted to yoga and adorned with celestial dresses and garlands and smeared with celestial pertumes and unguents, he passes his time in great happiness, not experiencing the least sorrow. He shines on his car attended by ladies that blaze forth with effulgence emitted by themselves.
स्वयंप्रभाभिर्नारीभिर्विमानस्थो महीयते रुद्रदेवर्षिकन्याभिः सततं चाभिपूज्यते
M. N. Dutt: Those ladies the daughters of the celestial Rishis and the Rudras, worship him with veneration.
नानाविधसुरूपाभिर्नानारागाभिरेव च नानामधुरभाषाभिर्नानारतिभिरेव च
M. N. Dutt: Capable of assuming various forms that are highly delightful and highly agreeable, their speech is characterized by various kinds of sweetness, and they are able to please the person they wait upon in various kinds of ways.
Supplementary Passages:
13.110.125 After 125, D4-10 ins.: *536 नानाविधसुगंधाभिर्नानावेषाभिरेव च
विमाने नगराकारे सूर्यवत्सूर्यसंनिभे पृष्ठतः सोमसंकाशे उदक्चैवाभ्रसंनिभे
AI Translation: In a chariot shaped like a city, resembling the sun, like the sun, Behind, resembling the moon, and in front, resembling a cloud,
दक्षिणायां तु रक्ताभे अधस्तान्नीलमण्डले ऊर्ध्वं चित्राभिसंकाशे नैको वसति पूजितः
AI Translation: In the south, on a red lotus, below a blue disc, above a variegated one, dwells the worshipped one, not alone.
यावद्वर्षसहस्रं तु जम्बूद्वीपे प्रवर्षति तावत्संवत्सराः प्रोक्ता ब्रह्मलोकस्य धीमतः
M. N. Dutt: Gifted with great wisdom, he lives in the region of Brahman for as many years as are measured by the drops of rain that fall in course of a thousand years on the insular continent of Jamvudvipa.
Supplementary Passages:
13.110.128 After 128ab, T2.3 G ins.: *537 तावद्ब्रह्मादिका लोका वर्षधाराप्रमाणतः
विप्रुषश्चैव यावन्त्यो निपतन्ति नभस्तलात् वर्षासु वर्षतस्तावन्निवसत्यमरप्रभः
M. N. Dutt: Indeed, gifted with the effulgence a deity, he lives in that region of unalloyed happiness for as many years as the drops of rain which fall upon the Earth in the rainy season.
मासोपवासी वर्षैस्तु दशभिः स्वर्गमुत्तमम् महर्षित्वमथासाद्य सशरीरगतिर्भवेत्
M. N. Dutt: The man who having fasted for a whole month, eats on the first day of the following months and acts thus for ten years, acquires the status of a great Rishi. He has not to undergo any change of form while going to the celestial region for enjoying the rewards of his deeds in this life.
मुनिर्दान्तो जितक्रोधो जितशिश्नोदरः सदा जुह्वन्नग्नींश्च नियतः संध्योपासनसेविता
M. N. Dutt: Indeed, this is the status which one acquires by controlling speech, practising self-denial, subjugating anger, sexual appetite, and the desire to eat, pouring libations on the sacred fire, and regularly worshipping the twotwilight's.
बहुभिर्नियमैरेवं मासानश्नाति यो नरः अभ्रावकाशशीलश्च तस्य वासो निरुच्यते
M. N. Dutt: That man who purifies hiinself by the observance of these and similar vows and practices, and who eats in this way, becomes as pure as other and gifted with solar effulgence.
दिवं गत्वा शरीरेण स्वेन राजन्यथामरः स्वर्गं पुण्यं यथाकाममुपभुङ्क्ते यथाविधि
M. N. Dutt: Such a man, o king proceeding to the celestial region in even his own corporeal frame, enjoys all the, happiness that is there like a celestial at his will.
एष ते भरतश्रेष्ठ यज्ञानां विधिरुत्तमः व्याख्यातो ह्यानुपूर्व्येण उपवासफलात्मकः
M. N. Dutt: I have thus told you, O chief of the Bharatas, what the excellent ordinances are as son about sacrifices, one ' after another, dependent upon the fruits of fasts.
दरिद्रैर्मनुजैः पार्थ प्राप्यं यज्ञफलं यथा उपवासमिमं कृत्वा गच्छेच्च परमां गतिम् देवद्विजातिपूजायां रतो भरतसत्तम
M. N. Dutt: Poor men, O of Pritha, may, nevertheless, acquire the fruits thereof (by the observance of fasts). By observing these fasts, even a poor man may acquire the highest end, O foremost one of Bharata's race, devoting himself all the while besides, to the worship of the celestials and the Brahinanas. I have thus recited to you in full the ordinance about fasts.
Supplementary Passages:
13.110.135 After 135abcd, T1 ins.: *538 वैष्णवीं वाथ रौद्रीं वा पञ्चमीं ब्रह्मचारिणः संवत्सरव्रतं कृत्वा क्रमन्ते लोकमुत्तमम्
उपवासविधिस्त्वेष विस्तरेण प्रकीर्तितः नियतेष्वप्रमत्तेषु शौचवत्सु महात्मसु
AI Translation: This is the rule of fasting, which has been described in detail. For those who are restrained, not negligent, clean, and noble.
दम्भद्रोहनिवृत्तेषु कृतबुद्धिषु भारत अचलेष्वप्रकम्पेषु मा ते भूदत्र संशयः
M. N. Dutt: Do not entertain any doubt about those men who so observe vows, who are so hecdful and pure and great, who are so freed from pride and malice, who are endued with such devoted understandings, and who pursue their end with such firinness and fixity of purpose without ever deviating from their path.