Critical Edition
युधिष्ठिर उवाच दुर्वाससः प्रसादात्ते यत्तदा मधुसूदन अवाप्तमिह विज्ञानं तन्मे व्याख्यातुमर्हसि
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said You should, O destroyer of Madhu, explain lo me that knowledge which you have acquired through the favour of Durvasas.
महाभाग्यं च यत्तस्य नामानि च महात्मनः तत्त्वतो ज्ञातुमिच्छामि सर्वं मतिमतां वर
M. N. Dutt: O foremost of all persons having intelligence, I wish to know everything about the great blessedness and all the names of that great one truly and in detail!
वासुदेव उवाच हन्त ते कथयिष्यामि नमस्कृत्वा कपर्दिने यदवाप्तं महाराज श्रेयो यच्चार्जितं यशः
M. N. Dutt: Vasudeva said I shall recite to you the good which I have acquired and the fame which I have won through the favour of that great one. I shall describe to you the subject, after having bowed unto Kaparddin.
प्रयतः प्रातरुत्थाय यदधीये विशां पते प्राञ्जलिः शतरुद्रीयं तन्मे निगदतः शृणु
M. N. Dutt: O king, listen to me as I recite to you that Shatarudriya which I repeat, with controlled senses, every morning after rising from bed.
Supplementary Passages:
13.145.4 After 4, D10 T2.3 G M ins.: *671 शिवः सर्वगतो रुद्रः स्रष्टा यस्तं शृणुष्व मे
प्रजापतिस्तत्ससृजे तपसोऽन्ते महातपाः शंकरस्त्वसृजत्तात प्रजाः स्थावरजङ्गमाः
M. N. Dutt: The great lord of all creatures, viz., the Grandfather Brahman himself, having penances for riches, composed those Mantras, after having observed especial penances for some time. O sire, it is Shankara who created all the creatures in the universe, mobile and immobile.
नास्ति किंचित्परं भूतं महादेवाद्विशां पते इह त्रिष्वपि लोकेषु भूतानां प्रभवो हि सः
M. N. Dutt: There is no being who is superior, O monarch, lo Mahadeva. He is the highest of all beings in the three worlds.
न चैवोत्सहते स्थातुं कश्चिदग्रे महात्मनः न हि भूतं समं तेन त्रिषु लोकेषु विद्यते
M. N. Dutt: There is no one who is capable of attending before the great Being. Indeed, there is no Being in the three worlds who is his equal.
गन्धेनापि हि संग्रामे तस्य क्रुद्धस्य शत्रवः विसंज्ञा हतभूयिष्ठा वेपन्ति च पतन्ति च
M. N. Dutt: When he stands, filled with anger, on the field of battle, the very scent of his body deprives all foes of consciousness and they who are not killed tremble and fall down.
घोरं च निनदं तस्य पर्जन्यनिनदोपमम् श्रुत्वा विदीर्येद्धृदयं देवानामपि संयुगे
M. N. Dutt: His roars are terrible, like the mutterings of clouds. Hearing those roars in battle, the very hearts of the celestials break in twain.
यांश्च घोरेण रूपेण पश्येत्क्रुद्धः पिनाकधृक् न सुरा नासुरा लोके न गन्धर्वा न पन्नगाः कुपिते सुखमेधन्ते तस्मिन्नपि गुहागताः
AI Translation: Those whom he sees in a terrible form, angry, holding a trident, Neither gods nor demons in the world, nor gandharvas nor serpents, Find happiness even when they are in a cave, when he is angry.
Supplementary Passages:
13.145.10 After 10ab, D4-9 ins.: *672 तत्क्षणादेव कुर्यात्स भस्म वह्निशिखा यथा
प्रजापतेश्च दक्षस्य यजतो वितते क्रतौ विव्याध कुपितो यज्ञं निर्भयस्तु भवस्तदा धनुषा बाणमुत्सृज्य सघोषं विननाद च
AI Translation: When Prajapati Daksha was performing a sacrifice, the fearless Bhava then pierced the sacrifice in anger. Releasing an arrow from his bow, he roared loudly.
ते न शर्म कुतः शान्तिं विषादं लेभिरे सुराः विद्रुते सहसा यज्ञे कुपिते च महेश्वरे
M. N. Dutt: Indeed, when Maheshvara became angry and suddenly pierced with his arrow the embodied form of sacrifice, the celestials became filled with sorrow, losing happiness and tranquility of heart.
तेन ज्यातलघोषेण सर्वे लोकाः समाकुलाः बभूवुरवशाः पार्थ विषेदुश्च सुरासुराः
M. N. Dutt: On account of the iwang of his bowstring the whole universe became agitated. The celestials and the Asuras, O son of Pritha, all became cheerless and stupefied.
आपश्चुक्षुभिरे चैव चकम्पे च वसुंधरा व्यद्रवन्गिरयश्चापि द्यौः पफाल च सर्वशः
M. N. Dutt: The Ocean rolled in agitation and the Earth trembled to her centre. The hills and mountains began to move from their bases and ran on all sides. The Vault of the sky became cracked.
अन्धेन तमसा लोकाः प्रावृता न चकाशिरे प्रनष्टा ज्योतिषां भाश्च सह सूर्येण भारत
M. N. Dutt: All the worlds became covered with darkness. Nothing could be seen. The light of all the luminaries became darkened, along with that of the Sun himself, O Bharata.
भृशं भीतास्ततः शान्तिं चक्रुः स्वस्त्ययनानि च ऋषयः सर्वभूतानामात्मनश्च हितैषिणः
M. N. Dutt: The great Rishis, stricken with fear and desirous of doing good to themselves and the universe, performed the usual usual rites of propitiation and peace.
ततः सोऽभ्यद्रवद्देवान्क्रुद्धो रौद्रपराक्रमः भगस्य नयने क्रुद्धः प्रहारेण व्यशातयत्
M. N. Dutt: Meanwhile, Rudra of terrible prowess rushed against the celestials. Filled with anger, he tore out the eyes of Bhaga.
पूषाणं चाभिदुद्राव परेण वपुषान्वितः पुरोडाशं भक्षयतो दशनान्वै व्यशातयत्
M. N. Dutt: Excited with anger, he attacked Pushan with his foot. He tore out the teeth of that god as he satemployed in cating the large sacrificial ball (called Purodasha).
ततः प्रणेमुर्देवास्ते वेपमानाः स्म शंकरम् पुनश्च संदधे रुद्रो दीप्तं सुनिशितं शरम्
M. N. Dutt: Trembling with fear, the celestials bent their heads to Shankara. Without being appeased, Rudra once more placed on his bowstring a sharp and blazing arrow.
रुद्रस्य विक्रमं दृष्ट्वा भीता देवाः सहर्षिभिः ततः प्रसादयामासुः शर्वं ते विबुधोत्तमाः
M. N. Dutt: Seeing his prowess, the celestials and the Rishis became all alarmed. Those foremost of gods began to pacify him.
जेपुश्च शतरुद्रीयं देवाः कृत्वाञ्जलिं ततः संस्तूयमानस्त्रिदशैः प्रससाद महेश्वरः
M. N. Dutt: Joining their hands in respect, they began to recite the Shata Rudriya Mantras. Thus lauded by the celestials, at last Maheshvara became gratified.
रुद्रस्य भागं यज्ञे च विशिष्टं ते त्वकल्पयन् भयेन त्रिदशा राजञ्शरणं च प्रपेदिरे
M. N. Dutt: The deities then assigned a large share to him. Trembling with fear, O king, they sought refuge with him.
तेन चैवातिकोपेन स यज्ञः संधितोऽभवत् यद्यच्चापि हतं तत्र तत्तथैव प्रदीयते
M. N. Dutt: When Rudra became pleased, the embodiment of sacrifice, which had been cut in twain, became once more united. Whatever limbs of his had been destroyed by the arrows of Mahadeva, became once more whole and sound.
असुराणां पुराण्यासंस्त्रीणि वीर्यवतां दिवि आयसं राजतं चैव सौवर्णमपरं तथा
M. N. Dutt: The Asuras gifted with great energy had formerly threc cities in the firmament. One of these had been, made of iron; one of silver; and the third of gold.
Supplementary Passages:
13.145.24 Before 24, T1 ins.: *673 युधिष्ठिरः त्रिपुराणि महाबाहो जितवान्स महेश्वरः आचक्ष्व मे यथातत्त्वं सर्वज्ञ मधुसूदन वासुदेवः शृणु मे गदतस्तात यथा दग्धं पुरत्रयम्
नाशकत्तानि मघवा भेत्तुं सर्वायुधैरपि अथ सर्वेऽमरा रुद्रं जग्मुः शरणमर्दिताः
M. N. Dutt: With all his weapons, Maghavat the chief of the celestials, was unable to pierce those cities. Afflicted by the Asuras, all the celestials then sought the protection of the great Rudra.
तत ऊचुर्महात्मानो देवाः सर्वे समागताः रुद्र रौद्रा भविष्यन्ति पशवः सर्वकर्मसु जहि दैत्यान्सह पुरैर्लोकांस्त्रायस्व मानद
M. N. Dutt: The highsouled celestials in a body addressed him, saying, O Rudra, the Asuras threaten to display their destructive influence in all deeds.
Supplementary Passages:
13.145.26 For 26cd, T1 subst.: *674 रुद्रं तं रौद्रकर्माणि सर्वास्त्रकुशलं प्रभुम्
स तथोक्तस्तथेत्युक्त्वा विष्णुं कृत्वा शरोत्तमम् शल्यमग्निं तथा कृत्वा पुङ्खं वैवस्वतं यमम् वेदान्कृत्वा धनुः सर्वाञ्ज्यां च सावित्रिमुत्तमाम्
M. N. Dutt: He made the deity of fire his shaftrced, and the SunGod's son Yama the wings of that arrow. He made the Vedas his bow and the goddess Savittri his excellent bowstring.
देवान्रथवरं कृत्वा विनियुज्य च सर्वशः त्रिपर्वणा त्रिशल्येन तेन तानि बिभेद सः
M. N. Dutt: And he made the Grandfather Brahman his charioteer. Applying all these, he pierced the triple city of the Asuras with that arrow of his, consisting of three Parvans and three Shalyas.
शरेणादित्यवर्णेन कालाग्निसमतेजसा तेऽसुराः सपुरास्तत्र दग्धा रुद्रेण भारत
M. N. Dutt: Indeed, O Bharata, the Asuras with their cities, were all burnt by Rudra with that arrow which had solar effulgence and whose energy resembled that of the fire which appcars at the end of the cycle for consuming all things.
Supplementary Passages:
13.145.29 After 29, D4-7.9 ins.: *675 हतानि पेतुः सहसा विपुले सागराम्भसि
तं चैवाङ्कगतं दृष्ट्वा बालं पञ्चशिखं पुनः उमा जिज्ञासमाना वै कोऽयमित्यब्रवीत्तदा
M. N. Dutt: Seeing that Mahadeva changed into a child with five locks of hair lying on the lap of Parvati, the latter asked the celestials as to who he was.
असूयतश्च शक्रस्य वज्रेण प्रहरिष्यतः सवज्रं स्तम्भयामास तं बाहुं परिघोपमम्
M. N. Dutt: Seeing the child, Shakra became suddenly filled with jealousy and anger and determined to kill him with his thunder. The child, however, paralysed the arm, appearing like a mace of iron, of Indra with the thunderbolt in it.
न संबुबुधिरे चैनं देवास्तं भुवनेश्वरम् सप्रजापतयः सर्वे तस्मिन्मुमुहुरीश्वरे
M. N. Dutt: The celestials all became stupefied, and they could not understand that child was the Master of the universe. Indeed, all of them, along with the very Regents of the world, found their intellects stupefied about that child who was none else than the Supreme Being.
ततो ध्यात्वाथ भगवान्ब्रह्मा तममितौजसम् अयं श्रेष्ठ इति ज्ञात्वा ववन्दे तमुमापतिम्
M. N. Dutt: Then reflecting with the help of his penances, the Illustrious Grandfather Brahman found out that that child was the foremost of al! beings, the lord of Uma, Mahadeva of immeasurable prowess. He then lauded the Lord.
ततः प्रसादयामासुरुमां रुद्रं च ते सुराः बभूव स तदा बाहुर्बलहन्तुर्यथा पुरा
AI Translation: Then the gods propitiated Uma and Rudra. Then that arm became as it was before, the slayer of Bala.
स चापि ब्राह्मणो भूत्वा दुर्वासा नाम वीर्यवान् द्वारवत्यां मम गृहे चिरं कालमुपावसत्
AI Translation: And he, having become a Brahmin, the powerful Durvasa, dwelt for a long time in my house in Dvaravati.
विप्रकारान्प्रयुङ्क्ते स्म सुबहून्मम वेश्मनि तानुदारतया चाहमक्षमं तस्य दुःसहम्
M. N. Dutt: While living in my house he committed various mischief's. Thought difficult of being borne. I suffered them yet from magnanimity of heart.
Supplementary Passages:
13.145.36 After 36, V1 B Dn D1.2.4-9 ins.: *676 स वै रुद्रः स च शिवः सोऽग्निः शर्वः स सर्वजित्
स देवेन्द्रश्च वायुश्च सोऽश्विनौ स च विद्युतः स चन्द्रमाः स चेशानः स सूर्यो वरुणश्च सः
AI Translation: He is the lord of the gods, the wind, the Ashvins, the lightning, the moon, the lord, the sun, and Varuna.
स कालः सोऽन्तको मृत्युः स तमो रात्र्यहानि च मासार्धमासा ऋतवः संध्ये संवत्सरश्च सः
AI Translation: That is the time, that is the death, that is the death, that is the darkness, that is the day and night, that is the month, the half-month, the seasons
स धाता स विधाता च विश्वकर्मा स सर्ववित् नक्षत्राणि दिशश्चैव प्रदिशोऽथ ग्रहास्तथा विश्वमूर्तिरमेयात्मा भगवानमितद्युतिः
AI Translation: He is the creator, the ordainer, the architect, the knower of all. The constellations, the directions, the intermediate directions, and the planets. The universal form, the immeasurable soul, the illustrious one of immeasurable splendor,
एकधा च द्विधा चैव बहुधा च स एव च शतधा सहस्रधा चैव तथा शतसहस्रधा
M. N. Dutt: He sometimes shows himself singly; sometimes divides himself into two parts; and sometimes shows himself in many a hundred, a thousand, a hundred thousand, forms.
ईदृशः स महादेवो भूयश्च भगवानतः न हि शक्या गुणा वक्तुमपि वर्षशतैरपि
M. N. Dutt: Even such is Mahadeva. He is, again, that god who is unborn. In even a hundred years, one cannot exhaust his merits by rccounting them.