Critical Edition
वैशंपायन उवाच वने निवसतां तेषां पाण्डवानां महात्मनाम् वर्षाण्येकादशातीयुः कृच्छ्रेण भरतर्षभ
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said : O best of the Bharata race, thus living in the forest, the high-souled Pandavas spent eleven years in great misery.
फलमूलाशनास्ते हि सुखार्हा दुःखमुत्तमम् प्राप्तकालमनुध्यान्तः सेहुरुत्तमपूरुषाः
M. N. Dutt: Although deserving of happiness, those best of men, brooding over their miserable plight, passed their days in misery living on fruits and roots.
युधिष्ठिरस्तु राजर्षिरात्मकर्मापराधजम् चिन्तयन्स महाबाहुर्भ्रातॄणां दुःखमुत्तमम्
AI Translation: The royal sage Yudhishthira, the mighty-armed one, was thinking of the supreme sorrow of his brothers, which was due to his own sin.
न सुष्वाप सुखं राजा हृदि शल्यैरिवार्पितैः दौरात्म्यमनुपश्यंस्तत्काले द्यूतोद्भवस्य हि
AI Translation: The king did not sleep happily, as if pierced in the heart by arrows. Seeing the wickedness of that time, which arose from gambling,
संस्मरन्परुषा वाचः सूतपुत्रस्य पाण्डवः निःश्वासपरमो दीनो बिभ्रत्कोपविषं महत्
M. N. Dutt: Remembering the harsh words of the Suta's son, the Pandava, repressing the venom of his wrath passed his days in humble guise and he often sighed heavily.
अर्जुनो यमजौ चोभौ द्रौपदी च यशस्विनी स च भीमो महातेजाः सर्वेषामुत्तमो बली युधिष्ठिरमुदीक्षन्तः सेहुर्दुःखमनुत्तमम्
M. N. Dutt: Arjuna and both the twins and the illustrious Draupadi and the mighty Bhima, he that was strongest of all men, felt the greatest pain in casting their eyes on Yudhishthira.
Supplementary Passages:
3.245.6 After 6cd, S (except G3) ins.: *1175 चिरस्य जातधर्मज्ञं सासूयमिव ते तदा
अवशिष्टमल्पकालं मन्वानाः पुरुषर्षभाः वपुरन्यदिवाकार्षुरुत्साहामर्षचेष्टितैः
M. N. Dutt: Thinking that only a short time remained (of their exile) those foremost of men, influenced by rage and hope and by resorting to various exertions and endeavours made their bodies assume almost different shapes.
कस्यचित्त्वथ कालस्य व्यासः सत्यवतीसुतः आजगाम महायोगी पाण्डवानवलोककः
AI Translation: After some time, Vyasa, the son of Satyavati, the great yogi, came to see the Pandavas.
तमागतमभिप्रेक्ष्य कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः प्रत्युद्गम्य महात्मानं प्रत्यगृह्णाद्यथाविधि
M. N. Dutt: After a while the son of Satyavati, Vyasa, the great Yogi came there to see the Pandavas. Seeing him coming, the son of Kunti, Yudhishthira, went forward and duly received that high-souled one.
तमासीनमुपासीनः शुश्रूषुर्नियतेन्द्रियः तोषयन्प्रणिपातेन व्यासं पाण्डवनन्दनः
M. N. Dutt: Having gratified Vyasa by bowing down to him, the self-controlled Pandava (Yudhishthira), when the Rishi sat down, sat down before him with the desire of listening to him.
तानवेक्ष्य कृशान्पौत्रान्वने वन्येन जीवतः महर्षिरनुकम्पार्थमब्रवीद्बाष्पगद्गदम्
M. N. Dutt: Seeing his grandson lean and living on forest produce, that great Rishi, moved by compassion spoke thus in accents choked with tears.
युधिष्ठिर महाबाहो शृणु धर्मभृतां वर नातप्ततपसः पुत्र प्राप्नुवन्ति महत्सुखम्
M. N. Dutt: "O mighty armed Yudhishthira, O foremost of all virtuous men, lear; those men who do not perform asceticism never obtain great happiness in this world; men experience happiness and misery by turn.
सुखदुःखे हि पुरुषः पर्यायेणोपसेवते नात्यन्तमसुखं कश्चित्प्राप्नोति पुरुषर्षभ
AI Translation: For the man experiences pleasure and pain in turn. No man, O best of men, ever attains to absolute misery.
प्रज्ञावांस्त्वेव पुरुषः संयुक्तः परया धिया उदयास्तमयज्ञो हि न शोचति न हृष्यति
AI Translation: The wise man, united with the highest wisdom, knows the rising and setting of the sun, and does not grieve or rejoice.
सुखमापतितं सेवेद्दुःखमापतितं सहेत् कालप्राप्तमुपासीत सस्यानामिव कर्षकः
M. N. Dutt: When happiness comes one should enjoy it and when misery comes one should bear it. As a sower of crops must wait for the (proper) season (to gather his crops).
तपसो हि परं नास्ति तपसा विन्दते महत् नासाध्यं तपसः किंचिदिति बुध्यस्व भारत
M. N. Dutt: There is nothing superior to asceticism. Asceticism produces great results. descendant of Bharata, know that there is nothing which asceticism cannot produce.
सत्यमार्जवमक्रोधः संविभागो दमः शमः अनसूयाविहिंसा च शौचमिन्द्रियसंयमः साधनानि महाराज नराणां पुण्यकर्मणाम्
M. N. Dutt: Truth, sincerity, freedom from anger, justice, self-control, restraint of faculties, immunity from malice, guilelessness, sanctity and mortification of the senses, these, O great king, purify a man of pure acts.
अधर्मरुचयो मूढास्तिर्यग्गतिपरायणाः कृच्छ्रां योनिमनुप्राप्य न सुखं विन्दते जनाः
M. N. Dutt: Foolish persons, addicted to vice and bestial ways, obtain the birth of beasts in after life and they never enjoy happiness.
Supplementary Passages:
3.245.18 After 18, K4 D2.3 ins.: *1176 कर्मभूमिरियं तात फलभूमिरसौ परा
इह यत्क्रियते कर्म तत्परत्रोपभुज्यते तस्माच्छरीरं युञ्जीत तपसा नियमेन च
M. N. Dutt: The fruits of acts done in this world are obtained in the next world. Therefore one restrains his body by asceticism and the observance of vows.
Supplementary Passages:
3.245.19 After 19ab, B Dc D5 ins.: *1177 मूले सिक्तस्य वृक्षस्य फलं शाखासु दृश्यते
यथाशक्ति प्रयच्छेच्च संपूज्याभिप्रणम्य च काले पात्रे च हृष्टात्मा राजन्विगतमत्सरः
M. N. Dutt: O king, being free from guile and with a cheerful spirit, one, according to his power, bestows gifts after bowing down to the recipient and paying him homage.
सत्यवादी लभेतायुरनायासमथार्जवी अक्रोधनोऽनसूयश्च निर्वृतिं लभते पराम्
AI Translation: One who speaks the truth attains longevity, freedom from disease, and peace. One who is free from anger and envy attains the highest peace.
दान्तः शमपरः शश्वत्परिक्लेशं न विन्दति न च तप्यति दान्तात्मा दृष्ट्वा परगतां श्रियम्
AI Translation: The self-controlled one, who is always intent on peace, does not experience suffering. And the self-controlled one does not suffer when he sees the prosperity of others.
संविभक्ता च दाता च भोगवान्सुखवान्नरः भवत्यहिंसकश्चैव परमारोग्यमश्नुते
M. N. Dutt: A man who gives every one his due and he who gives boons obtains happiness and every object of enjoyment, while a man who is free from envy reaps perfect ease.
मान्यान्मानयिता जन्म कुले महति विन्दति व्यसनैर्न तु संयोगं प्राप्नोति विजितेन्द्रियः
M. N. Dutt: He who honours those to whom honour is due obtains birth in an illustrious family and he who has subdued his senses never mects with any misfortune.
Supplementary Passages:
3.245.24 After 24ab, S (except G3) ins.: *1178 विन्दते सुखमत्यन्तमिह लोके परत्र च
शुभानुशयबुद्धिर्हि संयुक्तः कालधर्मणा प्रादुर्भवति तद्योगात्कल्याणमतिरेव सः
M. N. Dutt: A man whose mind follows good after death is born on that account possessing a virtuous mind.
युधिष्ठिर उवाच भगवन्दानधर्माणां तपसो वा महामुने किं स्विद्बहुगुणं प्रेत्य किं वा दुष्करमुच्यते
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said : O great Rishi, O exalted one, of the bestowal of gifts and asceticism which is of greater efficacy in the next world and which is more difficult to be practised.
व्यास उवाच दानान्न दुष्करतरं पृथिव्यामस्ति किंचन अर्थे हि महती तृष्णा स च दुःखेन लभ्यते
M. N. Dutt: Vyasa said : O child, there is nothing in this world more difficult to practise than charity. Men thirst for wealth and obtain it with great difficulty.
Supplementary Passages:
3.245.27 After 27, D2 ins.: *1179 राजन्प्रत्यक्षमेवैतद्दृश्यते लोकसाक्षिकम्
परित्यज्य प्रियान्प्राणान्धनार्थं हि महाहवम् प्रविशन्ति नरा वीराः समुद्रमटवीं तथा
M. N. Dutt: O high-minded one, even abandoning (the hope of) dear life itself, heroic men enter into the depths of the sea and the forest for wealth.
Supplementary Passages:
3.245.28 After 28c, T2 G1 ins.: *1180 शास्त्रार्थकुशला भुवि तथैव प्रतिपद्यन्ते
कृषिगोरक्ष्यमित्येके प्रतिपद्यन्ति मानवाः पुरुषाः प्रेष्यतामेके निर्गच्छन्ति धनार्थिनः
M. N. Dutt: For wealth some take to agriculture, some to the tending of the kine and some serve others. Therefore it is extremely difficult to part with wealth which is obtained with such great difficulty.
तस्य दुःखार्जितस्यैवं परित्यागः सुदुष्करः न दुष्करतरं दानात्तस्माद्दानं मतं मम
M. N. Dutt: As there is nothing harder to practise than charity, in my opinion, even bestowal of boons is superior to every thing.
Supplementary Passages:
3.245.30 After 30, G1 ins.: *1181 तद्दुष्करतरं दानं तस्माद्दानं विशिष्यते
विशेषस्त्वत्र विज्ञेयो न्यायेनोपार्जितं धनम् पात्रे देशे च काले च साधुभ्यः प्रतिपादयेत्
M. N. Dutt: Specially this is to be remembered that wellgotten gains should in proper time and place be given away to pious men.
Supplementary Passages:
3.245.31 After 31, D2 ins.: *1182 श्रद्धया विधिवत्पात्रे दत्तस्यान्तो न विद्यते
अन्यायसमुपात्तेन दानधर्मो धनेन यः क्रियते न स कर्तारं त्रायते महतो भयात्
M. N. Dutt: But the bestowal of ill-gotten wealth can never rescue the giver from the great fear (of the evil of rebirth).
पात्रे दानं स्वल्पमपि काले दत्तं युधिष्ठिर मनसा सुविशुद्धेन प्रेत्यानन्तफलं स्मृतम्
AI Translation: O Yudhiṣṭhira, even a small gift given at the right time to a worthy recipient, is said to yield infinite fruit after death, if given with a very pure mind.
Supplementary Passages:
3.245.33 After 33, K4 ins.: *1183 देशे काले च पात्रे च मुद्गलः श्रद्धयान्वितः व्रीहिद्रोणं प्रदायाथ परमं पदमाप्तवान्
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् व्रीहिद्रोणपरित्यागाद्यत्फलं प्राप मुद्गलः
AI Translation: Here I relate an ancient story. What fruit did Mudgala obtain by giving away a handful of rice?