Critical Edition
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ब्रूहि भूयो महाबुद्धे धर्मार्थसहितं वचः शृण्वतो नास्ति मे तृप्तिर्विचित्राणीह भाषसे
M. N. Dutt: Dhritarashtra said O you of great wisdom, repeat these sayings, that are consist on with morality and worldly benefit. What you say is most interesting; my desire for hearing them has not been satisfied.
विदुर उवाच सर्वतीर्थेषु वा स्नानं सर्वभूतेषु चार्जवम् उभे एते समे स्यातामार्जवं वा विशिष्यते
M. N. Dutt: Vidura said Bathing in all the holy places and kindness to all beings-both these are equal. Perhaps kindness is better.
आर्जवं प्रतिपद्यस्व पुत्रेषु सततं विभो इह कीर्तिं परां प्राप्य प्रेत्य स्वर्गमवाप्स्यसि
M. N. Dutt: O Lord, always show kindness to your sons; and thus you will attain to heaven after having gained great fame in this world.
यावत्कीर्तिर्मनुष्यस्य पुण्या लोकेषु गीयते तावत्स पुरुषव्याघ्र स्वर्गलोके महीयते
M. N. Dutt: As long as a man's deeds are spoken of in this world, so long, O foremost among men, he is glorious in heaven.
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् विरोचनस्य संवादं केशिन्यर्थे सुधन्वना
M. N. Dutt: As an instance of this is cited the old story about the conversation between Virochana and Sudhanvan, suitors of Keshini's hand.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.5 After 5, Dn D2 (marg.).3.4.5 (marg.).8 T2 ins.: *193 स्वयंवरे स्थिता कन्या केशिनी नाम नामतः रूपेणाप्रतिमा राजन्विशिष्टपतिकाम्यया विरोचनोऽथ दैतेयस्तदा तत्राजगाम ह प्राप्तुमिच्छंस्ततस्तत्र दैत्येन्द्रं प्राह केशिनी
केशिन्युवाच किं ब्राह्मणाः स्विच्छ्रेयांसो दितिजाः स्विद्विरोचन अथ केन स्म पर्यङ्कं सुधन्वा नाधिरोहति
M. N. Dutt: Keshini said Are the Brahmanas superior or are the sons of Diti superior, O Virochana? why should not Sudhanvan sit on the sofa?
विरोचन उवाच प्राजापत्या हि वै श्रेष्ठा वयं केशिनि सत्तमाः अस्माकं खल्विमे लोकाः के देवाः के द्विजातयः
M. N. Dutt: Virochana said We, the descendants of Prajapati, O Keshini, are the best among creatures. This world is ours. Who are the gods and who are the twice-born person?
केशिन्युवाच इहैवास्स्व प्रतीक्षाव उपस्थाने विरोचन सुधन्वा प्रातरागन्ता पश्येयं वां समागतौ
M. N. Dutt: Keshini said Even in this very Pavilion shall we wait, O Virochana. Sudhanvan will come in the morning to-morrow; I shall both of you together.
विरोचन उवाच तथा भद्रे करिष्यामि यथा त्वं भीरु भाषसे सुधन्वानं च मां चैव प्रातर्द्रष्टासि संगतौ
M. N. Dutt: Virochana said 0gentle maiden, I shall do as you say, 0 timid one; you will see in the morning myself and Sudhanvan together.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.9 After 9, K1.5 B (except B1) Dn Ds D1.3.5-8 T2 G1 ins.: *194 अतीतायां च शर्वर्यामुदिते सूर्यमण्डले Dn1 D3.7.8 T2 cont.: K4 D2.4.9 G2 ins. after 9: *195 अथाजगाम तं देशं सुधन्वा राजसत्तम K4 Dn1 D2-4.7-9 T2 cont.: *196 विरोचनो यत्र विभो केशिन्या सहितः स्थितः Dn1 D2-4.8 (all om. line 1) T2 cont.: K1.5 B (except B1) Dn2 Ds D1.5.6 ins. after 194*: D10 (which om. 9cd) ins. after 9ab: *197 सुधन्वा च समागच्छत्प्राह्लादिं केशिनीं तथा समागतं द्विजं दृष्ट्वा केशिनी भरतर्षभ प्रत्युत्थायासनं तस्मै पाद्यमर्घ्यं ददौ पुनः T1 G3.5 M ins. after 9: G1, after 194*: *198 एतस्मिन्नन्तरे तत्र सुधन्वा प्रत्यदृश्यत इति होवाच वचनं विरोचनमनुत्तमम्
सुधन्वोवाच अन्वालभे हिरण्मयं प्राह्रादेऽहं तवासनम् एकत्वमुपसंपन्नो न त्वासेयं त्वया सह
M. N. Dutt: Sudhanvan said (When asked by Virochana to sit on the sofa he occupied) O son of Prahrada, how can I touch that excellent gold seat occupied by you? I shall then come down to the same level with yourself. I shall not sit with you.
विरोचन उवाच अन्वाहरन्तु फलकं कूर्चं वाप्यथ वा बृसीम् सुधन्वन्न त्वमर्होऽसि मया सह समासनम्
M. N. Dutt: Virochana said You are fit for (sitting on) a plank, a skin or a mat. O Sudhanvan, you are not fit for a seat equal to mine.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.11 After 11ab, D1 ins.: *199 न मत्तो ह्यधिकोऽसि त्वं गुणतो जन्मतोऽपि वा
सुधन्वोवाच पितापि ते समासीनमुपासीतैव मामधः बालः सुखैधितो गेहे न त्वं किंचन बुध्यसे
M. N. Dutt: Your father used to respect me and occupy a seat lower than mine. You are a child bred in luxury at home; and do not know anything.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.12 After the ref., K5 D1.8 ins. the foll. stanza (which is reproduced in some of the old printed ed.): *200 पितापुत्रौ सहासीतां द्वौ विप्रौ द्वौ च पार्थिवौ द्वौ चैव वैश्यौ शूद्रौ च न त्वन्यावितरेतरं
विरोचन उवाच हिरण्यं च गवाश्वं च यद्वित्तमसुरेषु नः सुधन्वन्विपणे तेन प्रश्नं पृच्छाव ये विदुः
M. N. Dutt: Virochana said The gold kine, horses and all other wealth that we Asuras have-staking all these, o Sudhanvan, let us ask this question to them that know.
सुधन्वोवाच हिरण्यं च गवाश्वं च तवैवास्तु विरोचन प्राणयोस्तु पणं कृत्वा प्रश्नं पृच्छाव ये विदुः
AI Translation: Sudhanva said: Let there be gold, cows, and horses for you, Virochana. Having made a wager on our lives, we ask questions to those who know.
विरोचन उवाच आवां कुत्र गमिष्यावः प्राणयोर्विपणे कृते न हि देवेष्वहं स्थाता न मनुष्येषु कर्हिचित्
M. N. Dutt: Virochana said Where shall we go after staking our lives. I shall not stand before any of the gods and never before any among men.
सुधन्वोवाच पितरं ते गमिष्यावः प्राणयोर्विपणे कृते पुत्रस्यापि स हेतोर्हि प्रह्रादो नानृतं वदेत्
M. N. Dutt: Sudhanvan said We shall go your father after staking our lives. Prahrada will not tell a lie even for the sake of his son.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.16 After 16, K2.4.5 D (for D2 see below) T1 (om. line 2).2 G (G4 damaged; all G om. line 2) M1 (om. line 2) ins.: *201 विदुर उवाच एवं कृतपणौ क्रुद्धौ तत्राभिजग्मतुस्तदा विरोचनसुधन्वानौ प्रह्रादो यत्र तिष्ठति On the other hand, D2 ins. after 16: *202 इत्युक्त्वा जग्मतुस्तौ तु प्रह्रादस्य गृहं प्रति गत्वा तं ददृशुस्तत्र दैत्यानामीश्वरं तदा तावागतावभिप्रेक्ष्य प्रह्रादो विस्मितस्तदा पप्रच्छागमने हेतुं उभयोर्दितिजस्ततः
प्रह्राद उवाच इमौ तौ संप्रदृश्येते याभ्यां न चरितं सह आशीविषाविव क्रुद्धावेकमार्गमिहागतौ
M. N. Dutt: Prahrada said These two now appear, who have never before been together, like two enraged serpents coming by the same road.
किं वै सहैव चरतो न पुरा चरतः सह विरोचनैतत्पृच्छामि किं ते सख्यं सुधन्वना
M. N. Dutt: Is it that friendship has now been established between you, among whom these was no friendship before? O Virochana, I ask you why this friendship with Sudhanvan.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.18 After 18ab, K2 ins.: *203 तत्त्वां सुधन्वन्पृच्छामि मा पृष्टमनृतं वदीः
विरोचन उवाच न मे सुधन्वना सख्यं प्राणयोर्विपणावहे प्रह्राद तत्त्वां पृच्छामि मा प्रश्नमनृतं वदीः
M. N. Dutt: Virochana said There is no friendship between myself and Sudhanvan. (the Truth is that) we have wagered our lives. O sire, I shall ask you a question; do not answer it untruely.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.19 After 19, M2 ins. (cf. v.l. 21): *204 प्रह्लादः न कल्माषो न कपिलो न कृष्णो न च लोहितः अणीयान्क्षुरधारायाः को धर्मं वक्तुमर्हति सुधन्वा यद्यत्तत्त्वं वक्ष्यसि त्वं यदि वा नापि वक्ष्यसि प्रह्लाद प्रश्नमनघं मूर्ध्ना ते विफलिष्यति
प्रह्राद उवाच उदकं मधुपर्कं चाप्यानयन्तु सुधन्वने ब्रह्मन्नभ्यर्चनीयोऽसि श्वेता गौः पीवरीकृता
M. N. Dutt: Prahrada said Let water, honey and curds be brought for Sudhanvan. O Brahmana, you ought to be respected by ine. A white and healthy cow is ready for you.
सुधन्वोवाच उदकं मधुपर्कं च पथ एवार्पितं मम प्रह्राद त्वं तु नौ प्रश्नं तथ्यं प्रब्रूहि पृच्छतोः
AI Translation: Sudhnu said: Water and Madhuparka were offered to me on the path. O Prahlada, you tell us the truth in response to our question.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.21 After 21, N (except D9; K3 missing) T2 G1.2 ins.: *205 किं ब्राह्मणाः स्विच्छ्रेयांस उताहो स्विद्विरोचनः K2 cont.: *206 सत्यं प्रब्रूहि दैत्येन्द्र सत्यं हि परमं तपः
प्रह्राद उवाच पुत्रो वान्यो भवान्ब्रह्मन्साक्ष्ये चैव भवेत्स्थितः तयोर्विवदतोः प्रश्नं कथमस्मद्विधो वदेत्
M. N. Dutt: Prahrada said I have got only one son; and you are a Brahmana present here in person. How can one situated as I am, answer the question, which is a matter of dispute between yourselves.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.22 T1 G (except G2) M1 cont.: *207 विदुरः आदित्येन सहायान्तं प्रह्लादो हंसमब्रवीत् धृतराष्ट्रं महाप्राज्ञं सर्वज्ञं प्रियदर्शनम् प्रह्लादः पुत्रवान्यो भवेद्ब्रह्मन्साक्ष्ये चापि भवेत्स्थितः तयोर्विवदतोर्हंस कथं धर्मः प्रवर्तते T1 G1.3-5 cont.: K4 B D T2 G2 ins. after 22: *208 सुधन्वोवाच गां प्रदद्यास्त्वौरसाय यद्वान्यत्स्यात्प्रियं धनम् द्वयोर्विवदतोस्तथ्यं वाच्यं च मतिमंस्त्वया
अथ यो नैव प्रब्रूयात्सत्यं वा यदि वानृतम् एतत्सुधन्वन्पृच्छामि दुर्विवक्ता स्म किं वसेत्
M. N. Dutt: Prahrada said Who does not answer, truly or falsely; I ask you, Sudhanvan, where does that wrong user of his tongue live?
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.23 T1 G (except G2) ins. after 23: M1 (which om. 23), after 22: *209 हंसः पृष्टो धर्मं न विब्रूयाद्गोकर्णशिथिलं चरन् धर्माद्भ्रश्यति राजंस्तु नास्य लोकोऽस्ति न प्रजाः धर्म एतान्संरुजति यथा नद्यनुकूलजान् ये धर्ममनुपश्यन्तस्तूष्णीं ध्यायन्त आसते श्रेष्ठोऽर्धं तु हरेत्तत्र भवेत्पादश्च कर्तरि पादस्तेषु सभासत्सु यत्र निन्द्यो न निन्द्यते अनेना भवति श्रेष्ठो मुच्यन्ते च सभासदः कर्तारमेनो गच्छेच्च निन्द्यो यत्र हि निन्द्यते प्रह्लादः मोहाद्वा चैव कामाद्वा मिथ्यावादं यदि ब्रुवन् धृतराष्ट्र त्वां पृच्छामि दुर्विवक्ता तु कां वसेत्
सुधन्वोवाच यां रात्रिमधिविन्ना स्त्री यां चैवाक्षपराजितः यां च भाराभितप्ताङ्गो दुर्विवक्ता स्म तां वसेत्
M. N. Dutt: Sudhanvan said One who makes a wrong use of his tongue lives passing his nights like a woman having her husband sleeping in the arms of a co-wife or like one who has been defeated at a game at dice or like one whose body is burning with troubles.
नगरे प्रतिरुद्धः सन्बहिर्द्वारे बुभुक्षितः अमित्रान्भूयसः पश्यन्दुर्विवक्ता स्म तां वसेत्
M. N. Dutt: The man, who is giving evidence tells lies, stays staving at the outer gates, shut out from the city; and he always sees his enemies.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.25 After 25, S (except T2 G2) ins.: *210 यां च रात्रिमभिद्रुग्धो यां च मित्रे प्रिये मृते सर्वस्वेन च यो हीनो दुर्विवक्ता तु तां वसेत्
पञ्च पश्वनृते हन्ति दश हन्ति गवानृते शतमश्वानृते हन्ति सहस्रं पुरुषानृते
M. N. Dutt: A lie for the sake of an animal means the degradation from heaven of five of one's ancestors; one for the sake of a cow means the downfall of ten; one for the sake of a horse means for the downfall of a hundred; while one for the sake of a man means the casting away of a thousand.
हन्ति जातानजातांश्च हिरण्यार्थेऽनृतं वदन् सर्वं भूम्यनृते हन्ति मा स्म भूम्यनृतं वदीः
M. N. Dutt: A lie for the sake of gold means the destruction of one's race born and unborn; and one for the sake of land means the ruin of everything. Therefore do not tell lies for the sake of land.
प्रह्राद उवाच मत्तः श्रेयानङ्गिरा वै सुधन्वा त्वद्विरोचन मातास्य श्रेयसी मातुस्तस्मात्त्वं तेन वै जितः
M. N. Dutt: Prahrada said Superior to me is Angirasa; and superior to you is Sudhanvan, O Virochana. His mother, too, is superior to (your) mother. Therefore you have been vanquished by him.
विरोचन सुधन्वायं प्राणानामीश्वरस्तव सुधन्वन्पुनरिच्छामि त्वया दत्तं विरोचनम्
M. N. Dutt: O Virochana, this Sudhanvan is now the lord of your life. O Sudhanvan, I desire it (the life) to be restored by you to Virochana.
सुधन्वोवाच यद्धर्ममवृणीथास्त्वं न कामादनृतं वदीः पुनर्ददामि ते तस्मात्पुत्रं प्रह्राद दुर्लभम्
M. N. Dutt: Sudhanvan said you have chosen virtue and have not I spoken an untruth from temptation; therefore I give back your dear son his life, O Prahrada.
एष प्रह्राद पुत्रस्ते मया दत्तो विरोचनः पादप्रक्षालनं कुर्यात्कुमार्याः संनिधौ मम
M. N. Dutt: This son of your, Virochana, who is given to you by me, O Prahrada, should wash my feet before the maiden. Since you
विदुर उवाच तस्माद्राजेन्द्र भूम्यर्थे नानृतं वक्तुमर्हसि मा गमः ससुतामात्योऽत्ययं पुत्राननुभ्रमन्
M. N. Dutt: Vidura said Therefore, O chief among kings you should not speak an untruth for the sake of land. Do not ruin yourself with your sons and ministers by refraining from speaking the truth.
न देवा यष्टिमादाय रक्षन्ति पशुपालवत् यं तु रक्षितुमिच्छन्ति बुद्ध्या संविभजन्ति तम्
M. N. Dutt: The gods do not look after men with club in hands, like the herdsman. To those they want to protect, they give intelligence.
यथा यथा हि पुरुषः कल्याणे कुरुते मनः तथा तथास्य सर्वार्थाः सिध्यन्ते नात्र संशयः
M. N. Dutt: In proportion as a man is inclined towards virtue, his wishes meet with success, there is no doubt about it.
न छन्दांसि वृजिनात्तारयन्ति; मायाविनं मायया वर्तमानम् नीडं शकुन्ता इव जातपक्षा;श्छन्दांस्येनं प्रजहत्यन्तकाले
M. N. Dutt: The Vedas do not rescue one who is deceitful and lives by deceit from sins. Indeed, the Vedas, when the end approaches, forsake him, as the full-fledge birds forsake their nests.
मत्तापानं कलहं पूगवैरं; भार्यापत्योरन्तरं ज्ञातिभेदम् राजद्विष्टं स्त्रीपुमांसोर्विवादं; वर्ज्यान्याहुर्यश्च पन्थाः प्रदुष्टः
M. N. Dutt: Drinking quarrels, enmity with many, separating husband from wife (by sowing dissensions), family quarrels, disloyalty to the king, causing quarrels between husbands and wife ought, it is said, to be avoided, as well as the sinful ways of life.
सामुद्रिकं वणिजं चोरपूर्वं; शलाकधूर्तं च चिकित्सकं च अरिं च मित्रं च कुशीलवं च; नैतान्साक्ष्येष्वधिकुर्वीत सप्त
M. N. Dutt: A palmist, a merchant who has formerly been a thief, a cunning fowler, a medical man, an enemy, a friend and one who is of bad habits these seven should not be cited as witnesses.
मानाग्निहोत्रमुत मानमौनं; मानेनाधीतमुत मानयज्ञः एतानि चत्वार्यभयंकराणि; भयं प्रयच्छन्त्ययथाकृतानि
M. N. Dutt: An Agnihotra ceremony performed out of vanity, silence, study out of vanity and pride based upon haughtiness, these four though not fearful of themselves, become fearful when performed unduly.
अगारदाही गरदः कुण्डाशी सोमविक्रयी पर्वकारश्च सूची च मित्रध्रुक्पारदारिकः
AI Translation: One who burns houses, a donkey, one who eats from a pot, one who sells Soma, One who performs sacrifices, a needle, one who betrays friends, one who has sexual relations with another's wife,
भ्रूणहा गुरुतल्पी च यश्च स्यात्पानपो द्विजः अतितीक्ष्णश्च काकश्च नास्तिको वेदनिन्दकः
AI Translation: One who kills a fetus, one who violates his guru, one who is a drunkard, one who is too sharp, one who is a crow, one who is an atheist, one who criticizes the Vedas,
स्रुवप्रग्रहणो व्रात्यः कीनाशश्चार्थवानपि रक्षेत्युक्तश्च यो हिंस्यात्सर्वे ब्रह्महणैः समाः
AI Translation: One who takes up a ladle, a Vratya, a hired servant, and one who is rich, and one who is told to protect, if he kills, all are equal to a killer of a brahmin.
तृणोल्कया ज्ञायते जातरूपं; युगे भद्रो व्यवहारेण साधुः शूरो भयेष्वर्थकृच्छ्रेषु धीरः; कृच्छ्रास्वापत्सु सुहृदश्चारयश्च
M. N. Dutt: Gold is known by fire, one of good birth by his behaviour, an honest man by his conduct, a hero in times of panic, a patient man during the time of poverty and friends and enemies during the seasons of difficulties and dangers.
जरा रूपं हरति हि धैर्यमाशा; मृत्युः प्राणान्धर्मचर्यामसूया क्रोधः श्रियं शीलमनार्यसेवा; ह्रियं कामः सर्वमेवाभिमानः
M. N. Dutt: Old age destroys beauty; patience hope; death, life envy, virtue; passion, prosperity; association with the vulgar good manners; lust, modesty; and vanity, everything.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.43 After 43, S (except T2) ins.: *211 न क्रोधिनोऽर्थो न नृशंसस्य मित्रं क्रूरस्य न स्त्री सुखिनो न विद्या न कामिनो ह्रीरलसस्य कोशः सर्वं तु न स्यादनवस्थितस्य
श्रीर्मङ्गलात्प्रभवति प्रागल्भ्यात्संप्रवर्धते दाक्ष्यात्तु कुरुते मूलं संयमात्प्रतितिष्ठति
M. N. Dutt: Prosperity has for its source good deeds; it increases owing to activity and takes root owing to skill and continues its existence owing to self-control.
अष्टौ गुणाः पुरुषं दीपयन्ति; प्रज्ञा च कौल्यं च दमः श्रुतं च पराक्रमश्चाबहुभाषिता च; दानं यथाशक्ति कृतज्ञता च
M. N. Dutt: Eight qualities glorify a man, viz., wisdom, good birth, self-restraint, learning, strength, littleness of speech, gift to the best of his power and gratitude.
एतान्गुणांस्तात महानुभावा;नेको गुणः संश्रयते प्रसह्य राजा यदा सत्कुरुते मनुष्यं; सर्वान्गुणानेष गुणोऽतिभाति
M. N. Dutt: But, O dear, one thing alone can make all these great qualities come together. When a king honours a man, all the qualities shed luster on him.
अष्टौ नृपेमानि मनुष्यलोके; स्वर्गस्य लोकस्य निदर्शनानि चत्वार्येषामन्ववेतानि सद्भि;श्चत्वार्येषामन्ववयन्ति सन्तः
M. N. Dutt: These eight, O king, in this world of human beings are considered as the marks of heaven. Of these, four are the attributes of the good; and the honest men follow the other four.
यज्ञो दानमध्ययनं तपश्च; चत्वार्येतान्यन्ववेतानि सद्भिः दमः सत्यमार्जवमानृशंस्यं; चत्वार्येतान्यन्ववयन्ति सन्तः
M. N. Dutt: Sacrificial ceremonies, gifts, study and devotion, these tour are followed by the good. Self-control, truth, kindness and humanity, these four are also the attributes of the good.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.48 After 48, N (except B1 D9; K3 missing) T G1.2 ins.: *212 इज्याध्ययनदानानि तपः सत्यं क्षमा घृणा अलोभ इति मार्गोऽयं धर्मस्याष्टविधः स्मृतः K (K3 missing) D (except Ds D9.10) T G1.2 cont.: G4 ins. after 48: *213 तत्र पूर्वचतुर्वर्गो दम्भार्थमपि सेव्यते उत्तरस्तु चतुर्वर्गो नामहात्मसु तिष्ठति
न सा सभा यत्र न सन्ति वृद्धा; न ते वृद्धा ये न वदन्ति धर्मम् नासौ धर्मो यत्र न सत्यमस्ति; न तत्सत्यं यच्छलेनानुविद्धम्
M. N. Dutt: That one is not an assembly where there are no old men. Those are not old men who do not speak of virtue. That is not virtue where truth does not exist; and that is not truth where deceit pervades.
सत्यं रूपं श्रुतं विद्या कौल्यं शीलं बलं धनम् शौर्यं च चित्रभाष्यं च दश संसर्गयोनयः
M. N. Dutt: Truth, beauty, learning, knowledge, good birth, good manners, strength, wealth, heroism and ability to talk on diverse topics, these ten have their origin in heaven.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.50 After 50, M ins.: *214 अथ यो नैव विब्रूयान्न सत्यं नानृतं वदेत् ये धर्ममभ्यसूयन्तस्तूष्णीं ध्यायन्त आसते श्रेष्ठः पादं हरेत्तत्र भवेत्पादश्च कर्तरि पादस्तेषु सभासत्सु यत्र निन्द्यो न निन्द्यते अनेनाः श्रेष्ठो भवति प्रमुच्यन्ते सभासदः एनो गच्छति कर्तारं निन्दार्हो यत्र निन्द्यते
पापं कुर्वन्पापकीर्तिः पापमेवाश्नुते फलम् पुण्यं कुर्वन्पुण्यकीर्तिः पुण्यमेवाश्नुते फलम्
M. N. Dutt: A man, who is notoriously sinful by doing sinful acts, gets evil fruits; and one, who is reputed to be virtuous by doing virtuous acts, gains great happiness.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.51 After 51, K4 B (except B1) D (except D1) T2 ins.: *215 तस्मात्पापं न कुर्वीत पुरुषः शंसितव्रतः
पापं प्रज्ञां नाशयति क्रियमाणं पुनः पुनः नष्टप्रज्ञः पापमेव नित्यमारभते नरः
AI Translation: It destroys wisdom when it is repeatedly done. A man whose wisdom is destroyed always undertakes evil.
पुण्यं प्रज्ञां वर्धयति क्रियमाणं पुनः पुनः वृद्धप्रज्ञः पुण्यमेव नित्यमारभते नरः
AI Translation: When performed again and again, it increases merit and wisdom. A person of increased wisdom always undertakes merit.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.53 After 53, B D (except D1.9) T2 ins.: *216 पुण्यं कुर्वन्पुण्यकीर्तिः पुण्यं स्थानं स्म गच्छति B Dn Ds D2-8.10 T2 cont.: K1.5 D1 T1 G1.2.5 ins. after 53: *217 तस्मात्पुण्यं निषेवेत पुरुषः सुसमाहितः
असूयको दन्दशूको निष्ठुरो वैरकृन्नरः स कृच्छ्रं महदाप्नोति नचिरात्पापमाचरन्
M. N. Dutt: A man that is envious, one that gravely injures another, one who is cruel, one who is always making enemies of others and one who is deceitful by committing sins, soon meets with grave difficulties.
अनसूयः कृतप्रज्ञः शोभनान्याचरन्सदा अकृच्छ्रात्सुखमाप्नोति सर्वत्र च विराजते
M. N. Dutt: He that is not envious and he who is wise by always doing graceful acts, never meets with any grave difficulties; and shines with luster everywhere.
Supplementary Passages:
5.35.55 After 55ab, D7 ins.: *218 पूजां च महतीं प्राप्य स सर्वत्र विरोचते
प्रज्ञामेवागमयति यः प्राज्ञेभ्यः स पण्डितः प्राज्ञो ह्यवाप्य धर्मार्थौ शक्नोति सुखमेधितुम्
M. N. Dutt: He that assimilates the wisdom of the wise is himself wise; and he who is wise by doing acts, both virtuous and conducive to worldly benefits, succeeds in gaining happiness.
दिवसेनैव तत्कुर्याद्येन रात्रौ सुखं वसेत् अष्टमासेन तत्कुर्याद्येन वर्षाः सुखं वसेत्
M. N. Dutt: That act should be done by one during the day, which will enable him to live in comfort during the night; and that should be done in eight months which will enable one to live in comfort throughout the year.
पूर्वे वयसि तत्कुर्याद्येन वृद्धः सुखं वसेत् यावज्जीवेन तत्कुर्याद्येन प्रेत्य सुखं वसेत्
M. N. Dutt: That act should be done by one during the day, which will enable him to live in comfort during the night; and that should be done in eight months which will enable one to live in comfort throughout the year.
जीर्णमन्नं प्रशंसन्ति भार्यां च गतयौवनाम् शूरं विगतसंग्रामं गतपारं तपस्विनम्
M. N. Dutt: People speak well of that food which has been digested. They speak well of the wife whose youth has passed away and of that hero who has come off victorious in the battle and of that ascetic who has gone over to the other side (of life).
धनेनाधर्मलब्धेन यच्छिद्रमपिधीयते असंवृतं तद्भवति ततोऽन्यदवदीर्यते
M. N. Dutt: The hole, that one seeks to stop by wealth acquired by foul means, remains uncovered; and others come into existence in other places.
गुरुरात्मवतां शास्ता शास्ता राजा दुरात्मनाम् अथ प्रच्छन्नपापानां शास्ता वैवस्वतो यमः
M. N. Dutt: The preceptor is the controller of those who have their souls under restraint; the king is the controller of those who have bad souls; and Yama, the son of Vivasvata, is the controller of those who sin in secret.
ऋषीणां च नदीनां च कुलानां च महात्मनाम् प्रभवो नाधिगन्तव्यः स्त्रीणां दुश्चरितस्य च
M. N. Dutt: The greatness of Rishis, of rivers, of the banks of rivers and of the noble-minded cannot be conceived, as also the wickedness of a woman.
द्विजातिपूजाभिरतो दाता ज्ञातिषु चार्जवी क्षत्रियः स्वर्गभाग्राजंश्चिरं पालयते महीम्
M. N. Dutt: One attached to the worship of the twiceborn, one that makes gifts, one who behaves generously towards his cousins and the Kshatriya of good manners, rules the earth forever.
सुवर्णपुष्पां पृथिवीं चिन्वन्ति पुरुषास्त्रयः शूरश्च कृतविद्यश्च यश्च जानाति सेवितुम्
M. N. Dutt: These three, viz., the brave, the wise and these who know how to protect others, plucks flowers of gold from the earth.
बुद्धिश्रेष्ठानि कर्माणि बाहुमध्यानि भारत तानि जङ्घाजघन्यानि भारप्रत्यवराणि च
M. N. Dutt: Acts performed by means of the intellect are the best; those performed by the arms come next; O Bharata, those by the things are bad; while those performed by carrying loads are the worst.
दुर्योधने च शकुनौ मूढे दुःशासने तथा कर्णे चैश्वर्यमाधाय कथं त्वं भूतिमिच्छसि
M. N. Dutt: Having entrusted your kingdom Duryodhana, Shakuni and the fool Dushasana and Karna, how can you hope for prosperity?
सर्वैर्गुणैरुपेताश्च पाण्डवा भरतर्षभ पितृवत्त्वयि वर्तन्ते तेषु वर्तस्व पुत्रवत्
M. N. Dutt: The Pandavas who are possessed of every virtue, O best among the race of Bharata, depend on you as their father. Do you also depends upon them as your sons. to