Critical Edition
पुत्र उवाच कृष्णायसस्येव च ते संहत्य हृदयं कृतम् मम मातस्त्वकरुणे वैरप्रज्ञे ह्यमर्षणे
M. N. Dutt: The son said Your heart is made of steel shaped into that from, O my mother, who have no pity or compassion in you, who are wrathful and are of the wisdom of soldier.
अहो क्षत्रसमाचारो यत्र मामपरं यथा ईदृशं वचनं ब्रूयाद्भवती पुत्रमेकजम्
AI Translation: "Oh! The conduct of the Kshatriyas! That she, who is my wife, should speak such words to my only son!"
Supplementary Passages:
5.133.2 After 2ab, B Dn D3.4.9 ins.: *507 नियोजयसि युद्धाय परमातेव मां तथा
किं नु ते मामपश्यन्त्याः पृथिव्या अपि सर्वया किमाभरणकृत्यं ते किं भोगैर्जीवितेन वा
AI Translation: What is the use of all this earth to you, who do not see me? What is the use of ornaments, of enjoyments, of life itself to you?
Supplementary Passages:
5.133.3 After 3, K4 Dn D3.4.8-10 ins.: *508 मयि वा संगरहते प्रियपुत्रे विशेषतः while D6 ins.: *509 मोहात्संगर्हसे मातः प्रियं पुत्रं विशेषतः
मातोवाच सर्वारम्भा हि विदुषां तात धर्मार्थकारणात् तानेवाभिसमीक्ष्याहं संजय त्वामचूचुदम्
M. N. Dutt: The mother said All the doings, of those who are wise, are for the attainment of either virtue or worldly profit or both; and with my eye to these two along have urged you, O Sanjaya.
स समीक्ष्यक्रमोपेतो मुख्यः कालोऽयमागतः अस्मिंश्चेदागते काले कार्यं न प्रतिपद्यसे असंभावितरूपस्त्वं सुनृशंसं करिष्यसि
M. N. Dutt: This is the time now for showing your prowess; and this suitable time having now arrived, if you do not resort to the proper action,
तं त्वामयशसा स्पृष्टं न ब्रूयां यदि संजय खरीवात्सल्यमाहुस्तन्निःसामर्थ्यमहेतुकम्
AI Translation: If I do not speak to you who are touched by infamy, O Sanjaya, They call that affection for the weak, which is without strength and without cause.
Supplementary Passages:
5.133.6 After 6ab, G5 ins.: *510 अहमेव भवेयं ते रिपुरत्यन्तरो महान्
सद्भिर्विगर्हितं मार्गं त्यज मूर्खनिषेवितम् अविद्या वै महत्यस्ति यामिमां संश्रिताः प्रजाः
AI Translation: Abandon the path that is condemned by the good, which is frequented by fools. There is great ignorance, by which these beings are attached.
तव स्याद्यदि सद्वृत्तं तेन मे त्वं प्रियो भवेः धर्मार्थगुणयुक्तेन नेतरेण कथंचन दैवमानुषयुक्तेन सद्भिराचरितेन च
M. N. Dutt: Namely, if you are endued with the accomplishments of virtue and seek worldly but by following the path trodden by the gods and men and by the honest.
यो ह्येवमविनीतेन रमते पुत्रनप्तृणा अनुत्थानवता चापि मोघं तस्य प्रजाफलम्
M. N. Dutt: He who is pleased with such a son or a grandson not endued with humility, not given to exerting for himself, rebellious and badhearted.
Supplementary Passages:
5.133.9 After 9c, B Dn Ds D6-8.10 ins.: *511 दुर्विनीतेन दुर्धिया रमते यस्तु पुत्रेण
अकुर्वन्तो हि कर्माणि कुर्वन्तो निन्दितानि च सुखं नैवेह नामुत्र लभन्ते पुरुषाधमाः
AI Translation: Those who do not perform their duties, or perform them in a censurable manner, do not obtain happiness either here or hereafter, O worst of men.
युद्धाय क्षत्रियः सृष्टः संजयेह जयाय च क्रूराय कर्मणे नित्यं प्रजानां परिपालने जयन्वा वध्यमानो वा प्राप्नोतीन्द्रसलोकताम्
AI Translation: O Sanjaya, the Kshatriya was created for victory in battle, for the cruel task of always protecting the subjects. Whether victorious or slain, he attains the world of Indra.
न शक्रभवने पुण्ये दिवि तद्विद्यते सुखम् यदमित्रान्वशे कृत्वा क्षत्रियः सुखमश्नुते
AI Translation: In the abode of Indra, in heaven, there is no such happiness as that which the Kshatriya enjoys when he has brought his enemies under his control.
मन्युना दह्यमानेन पुरुषेण मनस्विना निकृतेनेह बहुशः शत्रून्प्रतिजिगीषया
M. N. Dutt: Namely the happiness to which a Kshatriya attains by bringing his friends under his influence (according to some readings it would be by subjugating his enemies). A spirited man, who has been defeated many times, should live on with the hope of vanquishing his enemy and consumed by wrath,
आत्मानं वा परित्यज्य शत्रून्वा विनिपात्य वै अतोऽन्येन प्रकारेण शान्तिरस्य कुतो भवेत्
M. N. Dutt: He should either abandon self or vanquish his enemy; how can there be peace in any other way save this.
Supplementary Passages:
5.133.14 After 14ab. D3.4.9 ins.: *512 यत्सुखं प्राप्यते तेन न तदन्यत्र विद्यते while D8 ins.: *513 प्राप्यते नेह शान्तिर्हि नित्यमेव तु संजय
इह प्राज्ञो हि पुरुषः स्वल्पमप्रियमिच्छति यस्य स्वल्पं प्रियं लोके ध्रुवं तस्याल्पमप्रियम्
M. N. Dutt: In this world a wise man regards little as undesirable; the man to whom little is sufficient soon becomes weary of that little (and wishes for more).
प्रियाभावाच्च पुरुषो नैव प्राप्नोति शोभनम् ध्रुवं चाभावमभ्येति गत्वा गङ्गेव सागरम्
M. N. Dutt: A man does not attain to happiness who has not got what he desires; and in fact he certainly feels his want as does the Ganga on losing herself in the ocean.
पुत्र उवाच नेयं मतिस्त्वया वाच्या मातः पुत्रे विशेषतः कारुण्यमेवात्र पश्य भूत्वेह जडमूकवत्
M. N. Dutt: The son said You should not speak in this strain, O mother, especially to your son; exercise your compassion only in this case like a silent and dumb woman.
मातोवाच अतो मे भूयसी नन्दिर्यदेवमनुपश्यसि चोद्यं मां चोदयस्येतद्भृशं वै चोदयामि ते
M. N. Dutt: The mother said It is indeed a matter of great pleasure to me that you understand what I say. You urge me in my duty and therefore should I urge you all the more in yours.
अथ त्वां पूजयिष्यामि हत्वा वै सर्वसैन्धवान् अहं पश्यामि विजयं कृत्स्नं भाविनमेव ते
M. N. Dutt: When you have slain all the Saindhavas and are thus victorious and beyond all your troubles, I shall honour you.
पुत्र उवाच अकोशस्यासहायस्य कुतः स्विद्विजयो मम इत्यवस्थां विदित्वेमामात्मनात्मनि दारुणाम् राज्याद्भावो निवृत्तो मे त्रिदिवादिव दुष्कृतेः
M. N. Dutt: The son said Having no wealth, having no friends, how can I gain success and victory. Knowing these circumstances I have thus dealt harshly with myself.
ईदृशं भवती कंचिदुपायमनुपश्यति तन्मे परिणतप्रज्ञे सम्यक्प्रब्रूहि पृच्छते करिष्यामि हि तत्सर्वं यथावदनुशासनम्
M. N. Dutt: Speak to me who are asking you in detail of that, O you of ripe and practical wisdom-I shall perform in a suitable manner all that you command me.
मातोवाच पुत्रात्मा नावमन्तव्यः पूर्वाभिरसमृद्धिभिः अभूत्वा हि भवन्त्यर्था भूत्वा नश्यन्ति चापरे
M. N. Dutt: The mother said O son, your mind should not be insulted by anticipation's of failure. Objects unattained at first are gained subsequently and other objects attained at first are lost afterwards.
अमर्षेणैव चाप्यर्था नारब्धव्याः सुबालिशैः सर्वेषां कर्मणां तात फले नित्यमनित्यता
M. N. Dutt: An object should not be pursued in wrath or with folly; my dear son, there is always uncertainly in the results of all actions. To those who know that the result is uncertain objects are sometimes successful and sometimes not.
अनित्यमिति जानन्तो न भवन्ति भवन्ति च अथ ये नैव कुर्वन्ति नैव जातु भवन्ति ते
AI Translation: Those who know that it is impermanent do not become, but become. But those who neither do nor ever become,
ऐकगुण्यमनीहायामभावः कर्मणां फलम् अथ द्वैगुण्यमीहायां फलं भवति वा न वा
AI Translation: The one-foldness is the absence of desire, the result of actions. Then, the two-foldness is the desire, the result or non-result.
यस्य प्रागेव विदिता सर्वार्थानामनित्यता नुदेद्वृद्धिसमृद्धी स प्रतिकूले नृपात्मज
AI Translation: One who has already understood the impermanence of all things Should not be disheartened by the rise and fall of the king's son.
उत्थातव्यं जागृतव्यं योक्तव्यं भूतिकर्मसु भविष्यतीत्येव मनः कृत्वा सततमव्यथैः मङ्गलानि पुरस्कृत्य ब्राह्मणैश्चेश्वरैः सह
M. N. Dutt: Resolving within himself-This must beand ever without any depression of heart. One who placing auspicious signs before him and in company with the Brahmanas and the gods (engages in action),
प्राज्ञस्य नृपतेराशु वृद्धिर्भवति पुत्रक अभिवर्तति लक्ष्मीस्तं प्राचीमिव दिवाकरः
M. N. Dutt: To that wise king does prosperity soon come, my dear son. The goddess of prosperity and grace comes to him like the sun coming to the east.
निदर्शनान्युपायांश्च बहून्युद्धर्षणानि च अनुदर्शितरूपोऽसि पश्यामि कुरु पौरुषम् पुरुषार्थमभिप्रेतं समाहर्तुमिहार्हसि
M. N. Dutt: I see, you have shown yourself fit to appreciate many examples, expedients and words given vent to excite your energy-now show your manliness.
क्रुद्धाँल्लुब्धान्परिक्षीणानवक्षिप्तान्विमानितान् स्पर्धिनश्चैव ये केचित्तान्युक्त उपधारय
AI Translation: Those who are angry, greedy, exhausted, fallen, proud, and those who are competitive - understand them to be otherwise.
एतेन त्वं प्रकारेण महतो भेत्स्यसे गणान् महावेग इवोद्धूतो मातरिश्वा बलाहकान्
AI Translation: In this way, you will destroy the great hordes, like the wind, blowing away the clouds.
तेषामग्रप्रदायी स्याः कल्योत्थायी प्रियंवदः ते त्वां प्रियं करिष्यन्ति पुरो धास्यन्ति च ध्रुवम्
AI Translation: You should be the first to give to them, rise early, and speak pleasantly. They will certainly do what is pleasing to you and will always be in front of you.
यदैव शत्रुर्जानीयात्सपत्नं त्यक्तजीवितम् तदैवास्मादुद्विजते सर्पाद्वेश्मगतादिव
M. N. Dutt: Then will they do what is desirable to you and will surely stand before you to take on themselves the charge of the battle). As soon as the enemy knows that you have grown careless of life, he will begin to fear you as a snake entering his house.
तं विदित्वा पराक्रान्तं वशे न कुरुते यदि निर्वादैर्निर्वदेदेनमन्ततस्तद्भविष्यति
M. N. Dutt: Knowing him to be powerful if one (his enemy) does not subjugate him, he should at least conciliate him, by friendliness and the like.
निर्वादादास्पदं लब्ध्वा धनवृद्धिर्भविष्यति धनवन्तं हि मित्राणि भजन्ते चाश्रयन्ति च
M. N. Dutt: Attaining to prosperity by these friendly means, there occurs an increase in wealth. Friends seeks the refuge of the wealthy and worship him.
स्खलितार्थं पुनस्तात संत्यजन्त्यपि बान्धवाः अप्यस्मिन्नाश्रयन्ते च जुगुप्सन्ति च तादृशम्
M. N. Dutt: And again friends abandon him who is deprived of his wealth and they even view with suspicion and contempt such a man.
शत्रुं कृत्वा यः सहायं विश्वासमुपगच्छति अतः संभाव्यमेवैतद्यद्राज्यं प्राप्नुयादिति
M. N. Dutt: He, who making an ally of his enemy, lives confidently, cannot be possibly expected to regain his kingdom.