Critical Edition
वैशंपायन उवाच व्युषितायां रजन्यां तु राजा दुर्योधनस्ततः व्यभजत्तान्यनीकानि दश चैकं च भारत
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said The night having passed away, king Duryodhana then made the usual divisions of his army which consisted of ten and one Akshauhinis, O Bharata.
नरहस्तिरथाश्वानां सारं मध्यं च फल्गु च सर्वेष्वेतेष्वनीकेषु संदिदेश महीपतिः
M. N. Dutt: He divided his men, elephants, chariots and horses into superior, inferior inferior and indifferent; and then that ruler of men distributed them in his army.
सानुकर्षाः सतूणीराः सवरूथाः सतोमराः सोपासङ्गाः सशक्तीकाः सनिषङ्गाः सपोथिकाः
M. N. Dutt: Furnished with all the requirements of a large army, namely with materials for repairs of chariots, with quivers to be carried on chariots, with large sticks fixed to spear blades for throwing with the hand, with quivers suitable to be carried on horses and elephants, with Shaktis, (a sort of long handled weapon) with arrow-holders suitable for the infantry and with heavy sticks,
सध्वजाः सपताकाश्च सशरासनतोमराः रज्जुभिश्च विचित्राभिः सपाशाः सपरिस्तराः
M. N. Dutt: With flags and banners, with huge arrows, and bows and bowstrings and diverse suites of ropes, with nooses and lashes;
सकचग्रहविक्षेपाः सतैलगुडवालुकाः साशीविषघटाः सर्वे ससर्जरसपांसवः
M. N. Dutt: With plain pointed sticks, oil, molasses and sand (to be thrown heated at the enemy) pots full of poisonous snakes, with pounded lac and other inflammable articles;
सघण्टाफलकाः सर्वे वासीवृक्षादनान्विताः व्याघ्रचर्मपरीवारा वृताश्च द्वीपिचर्मभिः
M. N. Dutt: With battle axes, forked lances, sharp spikes, iron gloves with barbs and chariots covered by tiger skins are skins of leopards;
Supplementary Passages:
5.152.6 After 6a, K (K3.4 om. lines 4-5) B Dn1 Ds D2.6.8.10 ins.: *543 सायोगुडजलोपलाः सशालभिन्दिपालाश्च समधूच्छिष्टमुद्गराः सकाण्डदण्डकाः सर्वे ससीरविषतोमराः सशूर्पपिटकाः सर्वे सदात्राङ्कुशतोमराः सकीलक्रकचाः सर्वे
सवस्तयः सशृङ्गाश्च सप्रासविविधायुधाः सकुठाराः सकुद्दालाः सतैलक्षौमसर्पिषः
M. N. Dutt: With forbid pieces of wood, with excellent horses, with diverse weapons of offense and defense, with felling axes and spades and with oil-clothes, and clarified butter.
Supplementary Passages:
5.152.7 After 7, N (Dn2 missing) G3.4 ins.: *544 रुक्मजालप्रतिच्छन्ना नानामणिविभूषिताः K3.5 cont.: *545 व्याघ्रचर्मपरीधानाः सुवेषाः समलंकृताः
चित्रानीकाः सुवपुषो ज्वलिता इव पावकाः तथा कवचिनः शूराः शस्त्रेषु कृतनिश्रमाः
AI Translation: With bright armor, beautiful bodies, blazing like fire, And likewise, the brave ones wearing armor, who have rested in weapons,
कुलीना हययोनिज्ञाः सारथ्ये विनिवेशिताः बद्धारिष्टा बद्धकक्ष्या बद्धध्वजपताकिनः
AI Translation: The charioteers were of noble birth and knew the nature of horses. They were bound with nooses, had their reins tied, and had their flags and banners tied.
Supplementary Passages:
5.152.9 After 9, N (except Ds; Dn2 missing) ins.: *546 बद्धाभरणनिर्व्यूहा बद्धचर्मासिपट्टिशाः
चतुर्युजो रथाः सर्वे सर्वे शस्त्रसमायुताः संहृष्टवाहनाः सर्वे सर्वे शतशरासनाः
M. N. Dutt: All the chariots were drawn by four horses each, all of whom again were the best of their species; each of them was furnished with a hundred bows and all sorts of defensive weapons.
धुर्ययोर्हययोरेकस्तथान्यौ पार्ष्णिसारथी तौ चापि रथिनां श्रेष्ठौ रथी च हयवित्तथा
M. N. Dutt: Each of them had one driver for the horses in front and one again for each of the horses at the sides and those men were the foremost among car-warriors and also familiar with horse driving.
नगराणीव गुप्तानि दुरादेयानि शत्रुभिः आसन्रथसहस्राणि हेममालीनि सर्वशः
M. N. Dutt: Each was protected as a city should be and was therefore hard to be captured by the enemies; thousands of those decked with gold were posted in all directions.
यथा रथास्तथा नागा बद्धकक्ष्याः स्वलंकृताः बभूवुः सप्त पुरुषा रत्नवन्त इवाद्रयः
M. N. Dutt: As the chariots had bells and wreaths of pearls and other ornaments so had the elephants and on the back of each were mounted seven men making the animals look like hills decks with jewels.
द्वावङ्कुशधरौ तेषु द्वावुत्तमधनुर्धरौ द्वौ वरासिधरौ राजन्नेकः शक्तिपताकधृक्
M. N. Dutt: These seven were made up of two men holding hooks for driving the elephants, two again who were excellent bowmen, two who could fight well with swords, O king, and one was armed with a lance and a trident.
गजैर्मत्तैः समाकीर्णं सवर्मायुधकोशकैः तद्बभूव बलं राजन्कौरव्यस्य सहस्रशः
M. N. Dutt: That army of the great-souled Kurus, O king, was full of infuriated animals and was furnished with all necessary weapons and treasuries.
विचित्रकवचामुक्तैः सपताकैः स्वलंकृतैः सादिभिश्चोपसंपन्ना आसन्नयुतशो हयाः
M. N. Dutt: It was also made up of tens of thousands of horse soldiers clad in mail, with ornaments on and holding up flags.
सुसंग्राहाः सुसंतोषा हेमभाण्डपरिच्छदाः अनेकशतसाहस्रास्ते च सादिवशे स्थिताः
M. N. Dutt: All the horses numbering many hundreds and thousands were kept under proper control and were free from the habit of scratching the ground with the fore feet.
नानारूपविकाराश्च नानाकवचशस्त्रिणः पदातिनो नरास्तत्र बभूवुर्हेममालिनः
M. N. Dutt: sena There were also in that army, hundreds of thousands of infantry decked with gold, clad in diverse sorts of arms and diverse temper.
रथस्यासन्दश गजा गजस्य दश वाजिनः नरा दश हयस्यासन्पादरक्षाः समन्ततः
M. N. Dutt: For every chariot there were ten elephants, for every elephants ten horses, for every horse ten men for the proper protection.
रथस्य नागाः पञ्चाशन्नागस्यासञ्शतं हयाः हयस्य पुरुषाः सप्त भिन्नसंधानकारिणः
M. N. Dutt: There was also another reserve army in which for every chariot there were five elephants, for every elephant one hundred horses, and for every horse seven men.
सेना पञ्चशतं नागा रथास्तावन्त एव च दशसेना च पृतना पृतना दशवाहिनी
M. N. Dutt: A consisted of five hundred elephants, and the same number of elephants (with infantry and cavalry); ten Senas made a Pritana and ten Pritanas a Vahini.
Supplementary Passages:
5.152.21 After 21ab, T G (except G3) ins.: *547 पञ्चाशच्च शतं चाश्वा नराः पञ्चगुणास्ततः
वाहिनी पृतना सेना ध्वजिनी सादिनी चमूः अक्षौहिणीति पर्यायैर्निरुक्ताथ वरूथिनी एवं व्यूढान्यनीकानि कौरवेयेण धीमता
AI Translation: An army, a force, an army, a banner, a cavalry, a group, An army is described as a synonym for an army. Thus the armies were arrayed by the wise son of the Kaurava.
अक्षौहिण्यो दशैका च संख्याताः सप्त चैव ह अक्षौहिण्यस्तु सप्तैव पाण्डवानामभूद्बलम् अक्षौहिण्यो दशैका च कौरवाणामभूद्बलम्
M. N. Dutt: The army of the Pandavas consisted of seven Akshauhini, while that of the Kauravas consisted of ten and one Akshauhini.
नराणां पञ्चपञ्चाशदेषा पत्तिर्विधीयते सेनामुखं च तिस्रस्ता गुल्म इत्यभिसंज्ञितः
AI Translation: This is prescribed as the army of fifty-five men. And the three divisions of the army are called a regiment.
दश गुल्मा गणस्त्वासीद्गणास्त्वयुतशोऽभवन् दुर्योधनस्य सेनासु योत्स्यमानाः प्रहारिणः
AI Translation: There were ten divisions of the army, and each division had ten thousand soldiers. The warriors who were to fight in Duryodhana's army.
तत्र दुर्योधनो राजा शूरान्बुद्धिमतो नरान् प्रसमीक्ष्य महाबाहुश्चक्रे सेनापतींस्तदा
M. N. Dutt: The king Duryodhana, of long arms selecting men who were wise and also heroes, made them leaders of his army.
पृथगक्षौहिणीनां च प्रणेतॄन्नरसत्तमान् विधिपूर्वं समानीय पार्थिवानभ्यषेचयत्
M. N. Dutt: Having those best among men the leaders of his Akshauhinis brought before them with suitable honour he spoke to them separately.
कृपं द्रोणं च शल्यं च सैन्धवं च महारथम् सुदक्षिणं च काम्बोजं कृतवर्माणमेव च
M. N. Dutt: Kripa, Drona, Shalya, Saindhava, Jayadratha, Sudakshina, and Kamboja, and Kritavarman,
द्रोणपुत्रं च कर्णं च भूरिश्रवसमेव च शकुनिं सौबलं चैव बाह्लीकं च महारथम्
M. N. Dutt: The son of Drona, Bhurishravas, Shakuni, the son of Subala and Balhika endued with great strength.
दिवसे दिवसे तेषां प्रतिवेलं च भारत चक्रे स विविधाः संज्ञाः प्रत्यक्षं च पुनः पुनः
M. N. Dutt: All of these, O Bharata, he used to bring before him daily for consultation and looked to them himself and offered them due honour.
तथा विनियताः सर्वे ये च तेषां पदानुगाः बभूवुः सैनिका राजन्राज्ञः प्रियचिकीर्षवः
M. N. Dutt: These men being thus treated with respect, and those foot soldiers who constituted the army of the king Duryodhana became desirous of doing what was beneficial to that king.
Supplementary Passages:
5.152.31 After 31ab, B2 D2.8 ins.: *548 हृष्टाः पुष्टाः सुसंनद्धा विक्रमे दृढनिश्चयाः