Critical Edition
संजय उवाच व्यतीतायां रजन्यां तु राजा दुर्योधनस्तदा अब्रवीत्तावकान्सर्वान्संनह्यन्तां महारथाः
M. N. Dutt: Sanjaya said After the termination of the night king Duryodhana addressed all your soldiers, saying-Arm, you mighty car-warriors!
राज्ञस्तु मतमाज्ञाय समनह्यत सा चमूः अयोजयन्रथांस्तूर्णं पर्यधावंस्तथापरे
M. N. Dutt: Hearing the orders of the king, the warriors began to put on their armours. Some began to yoke horses to their card quickly, others ran about hither and thither.
अकल्प्यन्त च मातङ्गाः समनह्यन्त पत्तयः हयानास्तरणोपेतांश्चक्रुरन्ये सहस्रशः
M. N. Dutt: The elephants were also got ready. The infantry began to arm themselves. Thousands of attendants began to spread carpets on the cars.
वादित्राणां च निनदः प्रादुरासीद्विशां पते बोधनार्थं हि योधानां सैन्यानां चाप्युदीर्यताम्
M. N. Dutt: The sound of musical instruments, O king, arose there, for exciting the war-like spirit of the soldiers.
ततो बलानि सर्वाणि सेनाशिष्टानि भारत संनद्धान्येव ददृशुर्मृत्युं कृत्वा निवर्तनम्
M. N. Dutt: Then all the troops, stationed in their proper posts, were seen, O Bharata, to stand, clad in mail and determined to die.
शल्यं सेनापतिं कृत्वा मद्रराजं महारथाः प्रविभज्य बलं सर्वमनीकेषु व्यवस्थिताः
M. N. Dutt: Having made the king of the Madras their leader, the great car-warriors, of the Kauravas, made detachments of their soldiers.
ततः सर्वे समागम्य पुत्रेण तव सैनिकाः कृपश्च कृतवर्मा च द्रौणिः शल्योऽथ सौबलः
AI Translation: Then all the soldiers of your son, having assembled, Kripa, Kritavarma, Ashvatthama, Shalya and Soubala,
अन्ये च पार्थिवाः शेषाः समयं चक्रिरे तदा न न एकेन योद्धव्यं कथंचिदपि पाण्डवैः
AI Translation: And the other kings who were left made a treaty then. "They said, ""We shall not fight with the Pandavas under any circumstances.""
यो ह्येकः पाण्डवैर्युध्येद्यो वा युध्यन्तमुत्सृजेत् स पञ्चभिर्भवेद्युक्तः पातकैः सोपपातकैः अन्योन्यं परिरक्षद्भिर्योद्धव्यं सहितैश्च नः
M. N. Dutt: And they said-"He who will fight alone with the Pandavas or he that will leave a comrade engaged in fight, will be visited by the five grave and all the minor sins.”—–And they said-"Do not fight Ashvatthama alone, son of Drona. All of us, unitedly will fight with the enemy.
Supplementary Passages:
9.7.9 T1.2 ins. after 9d; T3 G after 10b: *47 अद्याचार्यसुतो द्रौणिर्नैको युध्येत शत्रुभिः
एवं ते समयं कृत्वा सर्वे तत्र महारथाः मद्रराजं पुरस्कृत्य तूर्णमभ्यद्रवन्परान्
M. N. Dutt: Having made this contact those great carworriers placed the king of the Madras at their head and speedily ran against their foes.
तथैव पाण्डवा राजन्व्यूह्य सैन्यं महारणे अभ्ययुः कौरवान्सर्वान्योत्स्यमानाः समन्ततः
M. N. Dutt: Similarly, all the Pandavas, having arranged their soldiers in that great battle, proceeded against the Kauravas, O king, fighting with them.
तद्बलं भरतश्रेष्ठ क्षुब्धार्णवसमस्वनम् समुद्धूतार्णवाकारमुद्धूतरथकुञ्जरम्
M. N. Dutt: Soon, O chief of the Bharatas, that army, whose noise resembled that of the agitated ocean and which seemed wondrous for its cars and elephants, shone like the deep with heaving billows.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच द्रोणस्य भीष्मस्य च वै राधेयस्य च मे श्रुतम् पातनं शंस मे भूयः शल्यस्याथ सुतस्य मे
M. N. Dutt: Dhritarashtra said I have heard the fall of Drona, of Bhishma and the son of Radha. Tell me now of the fall of Shalya and of my son.
कथं रणे हतः शल्यो धर्मराजेन संजय भीमेन च महाबाहुः पुत्रो दुर्योधनो मम
M. N. Dutt: How, O Sanjaya, was Shalya killed by the . righteous king Yudhishthira? And how was my son Duryodhana slain by the powerful Bhimasena?
Supplementary Passages:
9.7.14 After 14b, D4 ins.: *48 कथं च निहतः संख्ये गदायुद्धविशारदः
संजय उवाच क्षयं मनुष्यदेहानां रथनागाश्वसंक्षयम् शृणु राजन्स्थिरो भूत्वा संग्रामं शंसतो मम
M. N. Dutt: Sanjaya said Hear, O king, patiently of the destruction of human beings, elephants and horses as I describe the battle.
Supplementary Passages:
9.7.15 For 15, D1 subst.: *49 शृणु राजन्नवहितो गजाश्वनरसंक्षयम् वक्ष्येऽहं सर्वयोधानां संग्रामं तव दारुणम्
आशा बलवती राजन्पुत्राणां तेऽभवत्तदा हते भीष्मे च द्रोणे च सूतपुत्रे च पातिते शल्यः पार्थान्रणे सर्वान्निहनिष्यति मारिष
M. N. Dutt: O king, your sons became very sanguine that, after Drona and Bhishma and the Suta's son had been killed, Shalya would kill all the sons of Pritha in battle.
तामाशां हृदये कृत्वा समाश्वास्य च भारत मद्रराजं च समरे समाश्रित्य महारथम् नाथवन्तमथात्मानममन्यत सुतस्तव
M. N. Dutt: Cherishing that hope in his heart and being comforted, O Bharata, your son Duryodhana, relying in battle upon that great car-carrier, the ruler of the Madras, thought himself as having a protector.
यदा कर्णे हते पार्थाः सिंहनादं प्रचक्रिरे तदा राजन्धार्तराष्ट्रानाविवेश महद्भयम्
M. N. Dutt: When after Karna's fall the Pandavas roared a great fear, O king, possessed the hearts of your sons.
तान्समाश्वास्य तु तदा मद्रराजः प्रतापवान् व्यूह्य व्यूहं महाराज सर्वतोभद्रमृद्धिमत्
AI Translation: Having thus reassured them, the powerful king of the Madras, arrayed his army in a great and prosperous Sarvataḥ-siddha formation,
प्रत्युद्यातो रणे पार्थान्मद्रराजः प्रतापवान् विधुन्वन्कार्मुकं चित्रं भारघ्नं वेगवत्तरम्
AI Translation: The powerful king of Madra, in the battle, attacked the Parthas, wielding his colorful bow, which was light and swift.
रथप्रवरमास्थाय सैन्धवाश्वं महारथः तस्य सीता महाराज रथस्थाशोभयद्रथम्
M. N. Dutt: And that mighty car-warrior drove an excellent car having horses of the Sindhu breed yoked to it. Riding upon his car, his driver made the car resplendent.
Supplementary Passages:
9.7.21 After 21, G2 ins.: *50 तस्य स्थित्वा महाराज मुखे व्यूहस्य दंशितः
स तेन संवृतो वीरो रथेनामित्रकर्शनः तस्थौ शूरो महाराज पुत्राणां ते भयप्रणुत्
M. N. Dutt: Protected by that car, that hero, that brave destroyer of foes, stood, O king dissipating the fears of your sons.
प्रयाणे मद्रराजोऽभून्मुखं व्यूहस्य दंशितः मद्रकैः सहितो वीरैः कर्णपुत्रैश्च दुर्जयैः
M. N. Dutt: The king of the Madras, clad in mail, proceeded at the head of the army accompanied by the brave Madrakas and the invincible sons of Karna.
सव्येऽभूत्कृतवर्मा च त्रिगर्तैः परिवारितः गौतमो दक्षिणे पार्श्वे शकैश्च यवनैः सह
M. N. Dutt: On the left stood Kritavarman, surrounded by the Trigartas. On the right was (Kripa) with the Sakas and the Yavanas.
अश्वत्थामा पृष्ठतोऽभूत्काम्बोजैः परिवारितः दुर्योधनोऽभवन्मध्ये रक्षितः कुरुपुंगवैः
M. N. Dutt: In the rear was Ashvathaman surrounded by the Kambojas. In the centre was Duryodhana, protected by the best of Kuru warriors.
हयानीकेन महता सौबलश्चापि संवृतः प्रययौ सर्वसैन्येन कैतव्यश्च महारथः
M. N. Dutt: Surrounded by a large army of cavalry and other troops, Subala's son, Sakuni, as also the great car-warrior, Uluka, proceeded with others.
पाण्डवाश्च महेष्वासा व्यूह्य सैन्यमरिंदमाः त्रिधा भूत्वा महाराज तव सैन्यमुपाद्रवन्
M. N. Dutt: The great bowmen amongst the Pandavas, those chastisers of foes, dividing themselves, O king, into three divisions, rushed against your troops.
धृष्टद्युम्नः शिखण्डी च सात्यकिश्च महारथः शल्यस्य वाहिनीं तूर्णमभिदुद्रुवुराहवे
M. N. Dutt: Dhrishtadyumna and Shikhandin and the great car-warrior Satyaki proceeded quickly against the army of Shalya.
ततो युधिष्ठिरो राजा स्वेनानीकेन संवृतः शल्यमेवाभिदुद्राव जिघांसुर्भरतर्षभ
M. N. Dutt: Then king Yudhishthira, accompanied by his soldiers, rushed against Shalya alone, with a view to kill him, O best of Bharata's race.
हार्दिक्यं तु महेष्वासमर्जुनः शत्रुपूगहा संशप्तकगणांश्चैव वेगतोऽभिविदुद्रुवे
M. N. Dutt: Arjuna, the slayer of foes, rushed against that great bowman, Kritavarman and the Samsaptakas.
गौतमं भीमसेनो वै सोमकाश्च महारथाः अभ्यद्रवन्त राजेन्द्र जिघांसन्तः परान्युधि
M. N. Dutt: Bhimasena and the great car-warriors among the Somakas rushed, O monarch, against Kripa, desirous of killing their enemies in battle.
माद्रीपुत्रौ तु शकुनिमुलूकं च महारथौ ससैन्यौ सहसेनौ तावुपतस्थतुराहवे
M. N. Dutt: The two sons of Madri, accompanied by their soldiers, proceeded against Sakuni and the great car-warrior Uluka at the head of their forces.
तथैवायुतशो योधास्तावकाः पाण्डवान्रणे अभ्यद्रवन्त संक्रुद्धा विविधायुधपाणयः
M. N. Dutt: Similarly, thousands of warriors, of your army, armed with various weapons and filled with anger, proceeded against the Pandavas in that battle.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच हते भीष्मे महेष्वासे द्रोणे कर्णे महारथे कुरुष्वल्पावशिष्टेषु पाण्डवेषु च संयुगे
AI Translation: Dhritarashtra said: When Bhishma, the great archer, and Drona and Karna, the great warriors, were killed, and the Kurus were reduced to a few, and the Pandavas were in battle,
सुसंरब्धेषु पार्थेषु पराक्रान्तेषु संजय मामकानां परेषां च किं शिष्टमभवद्बलम्
AI Translation: When the Parthas were very angry and heroic, O Sanjaya, what remained of the armies of my men and the enemy?
संजय उवाच यथा वयं परे राजन्युद्धाय समवस्थिताः यावच्चासीद्बलं शिष्टं संग्रामे तन्निबोध मे
M. N. Dutt: Sanjaya said Hear, O king, how we and the enemy both stood for battle on that occasion and what was then the relative strength of the two armies.
एकादश सहस्राणि रथानां भरतर्षभ दश दन्तिसहस्राणि सप्त चैव शतानि च
AI Translation: O bull among the Bharata lineage, there were eleven thousand chariots, ten thousand elephants, and seven hundred horses,
पूर्णे शतसहस्रे द्वे हयानां भरतर्षभ नरकोट्यस्तथा तिस्रो बलमेतत्तवाभवत्
AI Translation: O bull among the Bharata lineage, there were two hundred thousand horses. And three hundred million men. This was your army.
रथानां षट्सहस्राणि षट्सहस्राश्च कुञ्जराः दश चाश्वसहस्राणि पत्तिकोटी च भारत
AI Translation: Six thousand chariots, six thousand elephants, Ten thousand horses, and a million infantrymen, O descendant of Bharata.
एतद्बलं पाण्डवानामभवच्छेषमाहवे एत एव समाजग्मुर्युद्धाय भरतर्षभ
AI Translation: This was the strength of the Pandavas in the remaining battle. These alone came together for battle, O bull of the Bharata lineage.
Supplementary Passages:
9.7.40 After 40b, D4 ins.: *51 स्वल्पमप्येतदेवेह बलवत्परिरक्षितम् After 41, D4 ins.: *52 शस्त्रास्त्रेष्वभवन्घोराः केतवः क्षयकारिणः भ्रान्त्याश्वाः शतशस्तत्र नेत्राण्युच्चैरवर्षयन्
एवं विभज्य राजेन्द्र मद्रराजमते स्थिताः पाण्डवान्प्रत्युदीयाम जयगृद्धाः प्रमन्यवः
M. N. Dutt: Having divided our armies in this way, O) king, we, worked up with wrath and filled with the desire of victory, rushed against the Pandavas, under the command of the king of the Madras.
तथैव पाण्डवाः शूराः समरे जितकाशिनः उपयाता नरव्याघ्राः पाञ्चालाश्च यशस्विनः
M. N. Dutt: Similarly, the brave Pandavas, those foremost of men, desirous of killing their enemies, encountered one another early in the morning, O king.
एवमेते बलौघेन परस्परवधैषिणः उपयाता नरव्याघ्राः पूर्वां संध्यां प्रति प्रभो
AI Translation: Thus these tigers among men, desiring to kill each other with the force of their armies, have come to the eastern horizon, O Lord.
ततः प्रववृते युद्धं घोररूपं भयानकम् तावकानां परेषां च निघ्नतामितरेतरम्
M. N. Dutt: Then took place a dreadful encounter between your soldiers and the enemy, the warriors being all engaged in striking and slaughtering one another.