Critical Edition
जनमेजय उवाच वसिष्ठस्यापवाहो वै भीमवेगः कथं नु सः किमर्थं च सरिच्छ्रेष्ठा तमृषिं प्रत्यवाहयत्
M. N. Dutt: Janamejaya said "Why is the current of the tirtha known as Vashishthapavaha so rapid? For why did the foremost of rivers carry away Vashishtha?
केन चास्याभवद्वैरं कारणं किं च तत्प्रभो शंस पृष्टो महाप्राज्ञ न हि तृप्यामि कथ्यताम्
M. N. Dutt: What, O lord, was the cause of the quarrel between Vashishtha and Vishvamitra? Asked by me, O you of great wisdom, tell me all this. I am never satiated with hearing your account.”
वैशंपायन उवाच विश्वामित्रस्य चैवर्षेर्वसिष्ठस्य च भारत भृशं वैरमभूद्राजंस्तपःस्पर्धाकृतं महत्
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said A great enemity arose between Vishvamitra and Vashishtha, O Bharata, on account of their rivalry regarding ascetic penances.
आश्रमो वै वसिष्ठस्य स्थाणुतीर्थेऽभवन्महान् पूर्वतः पश्चिमश्चासीद्विश्वामित्रस्य धीमतः
M. N. Dutt: The hermitage of Vashishtha was in the tirtha called Sthanu on the eastern bank of the Sarasvati. On the opposite bank was the hermitage of the intelligent Vishvamitra.
यत्र स्थाणुर्महाराज तप्तवान्सुमहत्तपः यत्रास्य कर्म तद्घोरं प्रवदन्ति मनीषिणः
M. N. Dutt: There, in that tirtha, O king, Mahadeva had practised the hardest penances. Sages still speak of those penances.
यत्रेष्ट्वा भगवान्स्थाणुः पूजयित्वा सरस्वतीम् स्थापयामास तत्तीर्थं स्थाणुतीर्थमिति प्रभो
M. N. Dutt: Having performed a sacrifice there and adored the river Sarasvati, Sthanu established that tirtha there. Therefore it is known by the name Sthanu-tirtha, O lord.
तत्र सर्वे सुराः स्कन्दमभ्यषिञ्चन्नराधिप सेनापत्येन महता सुरारिविनिबर्हणम्
M. N. Dutt: In that tirtha, the celestials had, formerly, ) king, appointed Skanda, that destroyer of the enemies of the celestials, as the generalissimo of their army.
तस्मिन्सरस्वतीतीर्थे विश्वामित्रो महामुनिः वसिष्ठं चालयामास तपसोग्रेण तच्छृणु
M. N. Dutt: The great Rishi Vishvamitra, by the help of his austere penances, brought Vashishtha, to that tirtha of the Sarasvati, listen to that account.
विश्वामित्रवसिष्ठौ तावहन्यहनि भारत स्पर्धां तपःकृतां तीव्रां चक्रतुस्तौ तपोधनौ
M. N. Dutt: The two ascetics Vishvamitra and Vashishtha, O Bharata, competed keenly with each other in respect of superiority of their penances.
तत्राप्यधिकसंतापो विश्वामित्रो महामुनिः दृष्ट्वा तेजो वसिष्ठस्य चिन्तामभिजगाम ह तस्य बुद्धिरियं ह्यासीद्धर्मनित्यस्य भारत
M. N. Dutt: Being jealous of the power of Vashishtha, the great Muni Vishvamitra began to think seriously.
इयं सरस्वती तूर्णं मत्समीपं तपोधनम् आनयिष्यति वेगेन वसिष्ठं जपतां वरम् इहागतं द्विजश्रेष्ठं हनिष्यामि न संशयः
M. N. Dutt: Thought devoted to the performance of his duties, O Bharata, he formed the resolution, viz., This Sarasvati shall speedily bring, by force of her current, that foremost of ascetics, viz., Vashishtha, to my presence. After he shall have been brought hither, I shall forsooth kill that greatest of ascetics.
एवं निश्चित्य भगवान्विश्वामित्रो महामुनिः सस्मार सरितां श्रेष्ठां क्रोधसंरक्तलोचनः
M. N. Dutt: Having formed this resolution, the illustrious and great Rishi Vishvamitra, with eyes red in ire, thought of that foremost of rivers.
सा ध्याता मुनिना तेन व्याकुलत्वं जगाम ह जज्ञे चैनं महावीर्यं महाकोपं च भामिनी
M. N. Dutt: Thus remembered by the ascetic, she became exceedingly agitated. The fair lady, repaired to that energetic and wrathful Rishi.
तत एनं वेपमाना विवर्णा प्राञ्जलिस्तदा उपतस्थे मुनिवरं विश्वामित्रं सरस्वती
M. N. Dutt: Pale and trembling, Sarasvati, with clasped hands, appeared before that best of sages.
हतवीरा यथा नारी साभवद्दुःखिता भृशम् ब्रूहि किं करवाणीति प्रोवाच मुनिसत्तमम्
M. N. Dutt: Indeed, the lady was greatly afflicted with sorrow, even like a woman who has lost her powerful husband. And she said to that best of sages-"Tell me what I can do for you.'
तामुवाच मुनिः क्रुद्धो वसिष्ठं शीघ्रमानय यावदेनं निहन्म्यद्य तच्छ्रुत्वा व्यथिता नदी
M. N. Dutt: Filled with ire, the ascetic said her-Bring here Vashishtha without delay, so that I my kill him.' Hearing these words, the river became agitated.
साञ्जलिं तु ततः कृत्वा पुण्डरीकनिभेक्षणा विव्यथे सुविरूढेव लता वायुसमीरिता
AI Translation: Then, with folded hands, the lotus-eyed one, like a creeper fully grown, trembled, being shaken by the wind.
तथागतां तु तां दृष्ट्वा वेपमानां कृताञ्जलिम् विश्वामित्रोऽब्रवीत्क्रुद्धो वसिष्ठं शीघ्रमानय
AI Translation: Seeing her trembling and with folded hands, Vishvamitra angrily said to Vasishtha: "Quickly bring him"
ततो भीता सरिच्छ्रेष्ठा चिन्तयामास भारत उभयोः शापयोर्भीता कथमेतद्भविष्यति
AI Translation: Then, O descendant of Bharata, the best of rivers, frightened, thought: "Frightened by the curses of both, how will this happen?""
Supplementary Passages:
9.41.19 For 17c-19d, B Dn D1. 4-10 subst.: D2 ins. lines 5-6 only after 19: *254 प्राकम्पत भृशं भीता वायुनेवाहता लता तथारूपां तु तां दृष्ट्वा मुनिराह महानदीम् अविचारं वसिष्ठं त्वमानयस्वान्तिकं मम सा तस्य वचनं श्रुत्वा ज्ञात्वा पापं चिकीर्षितम् वसिष्ठस्य प्रभावं च जानन्त्यप्रतिमं भुवि
साभिगम्य वसिष्ठं तु इममर्थमचोदयत् यदुक्ता सरितां श्रेष्ठा विश्वामित्रेण धीमता
AI Translation: Having approached Vasishtha, she urged him on this matter: What was spoken by the wise Vishvamitra to the best of rivers,
उभयोः शापयोर्भीता वेपमाना पुनः पुनः चिन्तयित्वा महाशापमृषिवित्रासिता भृशम्
M. N. Dutt: Fearing the course of both, she trembled again and again. Indeed, she stood in fear of both.
तां कृशां च विवर्णां च दृष्ट्वा चिन्तासमन्विताम् उवाच राजन्धर्मात्मा वसिष्ठो द्विपदां वरः
M. N. Dutt: Seeing her pale and anxious, the righteous Vashishtha, that foremost of men, O king, said to her.
त्राह्यात्मानं सरिच्छ्रेष्ठे वह मां शीघ्रगामिनी विश्वामित्रः शपेद्धि त्वां मा कृथास्त्वं विचारणाम्
M. N. Dutt: Vashishtha said O foremost of rivers, save yourself, O you of rapid current, bear me away, otherwise Vishvamitra will curse you! Do not feel the least scruple.'
तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा कृपाशीलस्य सा सरित् चिन्तयामास कौरव्य किं कृतं सुकृतं भवेत्
M. N. Dutt: Hearing these words of that compassionate Rishi, the river began to think, O Kuru-chief, as to what she should do.
तस्याश्चिन्ता समुत्पन्ना वसिष्ठो मय्यतीव हि कृतवान्हि दयां नित्यं तस्य कार्यं हितं मया
M. N. Dutt: The thought Vashishtha shows great mercy for me. It is proper for me that I should serve him.'
अथ कूले स्वके राजञ्जपन्तमृषिसत्तमम् जुह्वानं कौशिकं प्रेक्ष्य सरस्वत्यभ्यचिन्तयत्
AI Translation: Then, O king, Sarasvati thought to herself, seeing the best of sages, Kousika, performing a sacrifice on his own bank, muttering and offering oblations.
इदमन्तरमित्येव ततः सा सरितां वरा कूलापहारमकरोत्स्वेन वेगेन सा सरित्
AI Translation: Then the best of rivers, the Ganges, made the river's banks disappear with her own force.
तेन कूलापहारेण मैत्रावरुणिरौह्यत उह्यमानश्च तुष्टाव तदा राजन्सरस्वतीम्
AI Translation: By that act of removing the bank, Maitrāvaruṇa was carried away. And while being carried away, he then praised Sarasvati, O King.
पितामहस्य सरसः प्रवृत्तासि सरस्वति व्याप्तं चेदं जगत्सर्वं तवैवाम्भोभिरुत्तमैः
AI Translation: O Sarasvati, you have come forth from the lake of the grandfather. And this entire world is pervaded by your excellent waters.
त्वमेवाकाशगा देवि मेघेषूत्सृजसे पयः सर्वाश्चापस्त्वमेवेति त्वत्तो वयमधीमहे
M. N. Dutt: Passing through the sky, O Goddess, thou impartest thy waters to the clouds! All the waters are thee! Through thee we exercise our thinking faculties!
पुष्टिर्द्युतिस्तथा कीर्तिः सिद्धिर्वृद्धिरुमा तथा त्वमेव वाणी स्वाहा त्वं त्वय्यायत्तमिदं जगत् त्वमेव सर्वभूतेषु वससीह चतुर्विधा
M. N. Dutt: Thou art Pushti and Dyuti, Kiriti and Siddhi and Uma! Thou art Speech and thou art Svaha! This entire universe depends on thee. Thou dwellest in all creatures, in four forms."
एवं सरस्वती राजन्स्तूयमाना महर्षिणा वेगेनोवाह तं विप्रं विश्वामित्राश्रमं प्रति न्यवेदयत चाभीक्ष्णं विश्वामित्राय तं मुनिम्
M. N. Dutt: Thus lauded by that great Rishi, Sarasvati, O king, speedily bore that Brahmana towards the hermitage of Vishvamitra and repeatedly announced to the latter the arrival of the former.
तमानीतं सरस्वत्या दृष्ट्वा कोपसमन्वितः अथान्वेषत्प्रहरणं वसिष्ठान्तकरं तदा
M. N. Dutt: Seeing Vashishtha thus brought before him by Sarasvati, Vishvamitra, worked up with ire, began to look for a weapon where with to kill that Brahmana.
Supplementary Passages:
9.41.33 After 33b, D2.3.11 ins.: *255 अस्त्रोद्यतः समुत्तिष्ठद्विश्वामित्रो मुनिं प्रति तं गृहीतायुधं दृष्ट्वा वसिष्ठान्तकरं मुनिम् कौशिकं सुमहत्क्रुद्धं कालमृत्युमिवापरम्
तं तु क्रुद्धमभिप्रेक्ष्य ब्रह्महत्याभयान्नदी अपोवाह वसिष्ठं तु प्राचीं दिशमतन्द्रिता उभयोः कुर्वती वाक्यं वञ्चयित्वा तु गाधिजम्
M. N. Dutt: Seeing him wrathful, the river, fearing to behold a Brahmana's slaughter, quickly bore Vashishtha away to her eastern bank once more. She thus had obeyed the words of both, although she deceived Vishvamitra by her act.
ततोऽपवाहितं दृष्ट्वा वसिष्ठमृषिसत्तमम् अब्रवीदथ संक्रुद्धो विश्वामित्रो ह्यमर्षणः
M. N. Dutt: Seeing that best of Rishis, viz., Vashishtha, borne away, the vindictive Vishvamitra becoming enraged addressed Sarasvati, saying
यस्मान्मा त्वं सरिच्छ्रेष्ठे वञ्चयित्वा पुनर्गता शोणितं वह कल्याणि रक्षोग्रामणिसंमतम्
M. N. Dutt: Since, O best of rivers, thou hast gone away and deceived me, let thy current be changed into blood liked of Rakshasas!'
ततः सरस्वती शप्ता विश्वामित्रेण धीमता अवहच्छोणितोन्मिश्रं तोयं संवत्सरं तदा
M. N. Dutt: Thus cursed by the intelligent Vishvamitra, Sarasvati flowed for a whole year, bearing blood mixed with water.
अथर्षयश्च देवाश्च गन्धर्वाप्सरसस्तथा सरस्वतीं तथा दृष्ट्वा बभूवुर्भृशदुःखिताः
M. N. Dutt: Beholding the Sarasvati in that plights the gods, the Gandharvas and the Apsaras became filled with great sorrow.
एवं वसिष्ठापवाहो लोके ख्यातो जनाधिप आगच्छच्च पुनर्मार्गं स्वमेव सरितां वरा
M. N. Dutt: For this reason, O king, the tirtha passed by the name of Vashishthapavaha on Earth. The best of rivers, however, once more regained her own proper condition.