Critical Edition
वैशंपायन उवाच कृतविद्ये कचे प्राप्ते हृष्टरूपा दिवौकसः कचादधीत्य तां विद्यां कृतार्था भरतर्षभ
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said: O best of the Bharata race, the dwellers of heaven were exceedingly glad to get back Kacha who had learnt the knowledge (of Sanjivini). The celestial then learnt the Sanjivini from Kacha and considered their object achieved.
सर्व एव समागम्य शतक्रतुमथाब्रुवन् कालस्ते विक्रमस्याद्य जहि शत्रून्पुरंदर
M. N. Dutt: They all assembled together and thus spoke to Indra. “O Indra, the time has come to show your prowess. Kill your enemies."
एवमुक्तस्तु सहितैस्त्रिदशैर्मघवांस्तदा तथेत्युक्त्वोपचक्राम सोऽपश्यत वने स्त्रियः
M. N. Dutt: Having been thus addressed, Indra said “Be it so." He then, accompanied by the celestials set out. He saw many damsels in the forest.
क्रीडन्तीनां तु कन्यानां वने चैत्ररथोपमे वायुभूतः स वस्त्राणि सर्वाण्येव व्यमिश्रयत्
M. N. Dutt: The maidens were sporting in a lake in the wood which was like that of Chitraratha. Changing himself into wind, he (Indra) mixed up their clothes.
ततो जलात्समुत्तीर्य कन्यास्ताः सहितास्तदा वस्त्राणि जगृहुस्तानि यथासन्नान्यनेकशः
AI Translation: Then, having emerged from the water, those girls, together, took up the garments that were there in various ways.
तत्र वासो देवयान्याः शर्मिष्ठा जगृहे तदा व्यतिमिश्रमजानन्ती दुहिता वृषपर्वणः
AI Translation: There, Devayani's clothes were taken by Sharmistha, who did not know the difference, the daughter of Vrishaparva.
ततस्तयोर्मिथस्तत्र विरोधः समजायत देवयान्याश्च राजेन्द्र शर्मिष्ठायाश्च तत्कृते
M. N. Dutt: O great king, a dispute, thereupon, arose between Devayani and Sharmishtha.
देवयान्युवाच कस्माद्गृह्णासि मे वस्त्रं शिष्या भूत्वा ममासुरि समुदाचारहीनाया न ते श्रेयो भविष्यति
M. N. Dutt: Devayani said : O daughter of the Asura, how do you dare take my cloth, being my pupil. Destitute of good conduct, nothing good can come to you.
शर्मिष्ठोवाच आसीनं च शयानं च पिता ते पितरं मम स्तौति वन्दति चाभीक्ष्णं नीचैः स्थित्वा विनीतवत्
M. N. Dutt: Sharmishtha said : Whether my father is sitting or lying your father, occupying a lower seat and casting his eyes downwards, adores him like a Vandi (a chanter of praises.)
याचतस्त्वं हि दुहिता स्तुवतः प्रतिगृह्णतः सुताहं स्तूयमानस्य ददतोऽप्रतिगृह्णतः
AI Translation: You are the daughter of one who begs, of one who praises, of one who accepts. I am the daughter of one who is praised, of one who gives, of one who does not accept.
Supplementary Passages:
1.73.10 Dn T G1.2.4.6 M ins. after 10 (M5, after 10ab): D4, after 11: *722 आधून्वस्व विधून्वस्व द्रुह्य कुप्य च याचकि
अनायुधा सायुधाया रिक्ता क्षुभ्यसि भिक्षुकि लप्स्यसे प्रतियोद्धारं न हि त्वां गणयाम्यहम्
AI Translation: O you who are weaponless, you are agitated against one who is armed. O you who are empty, you are agitated against a bhiksuni. You will find an opponent. I do not consider you.
Supplementary Passages:
1.73.11 After 11ab, G3 ins.: *723 आधून्वन्या विधून्वन्या हव्यं कव्यं च याचके K4 S ins. after 11: D4, after 722*: *724 प्रतिकूलं वदसि चेदितः प्रभृति याचकि आकृष्य मम दासीभिः प्रस्थास्यामि बहिर्बहिः
वैशंपायन उवाच समुच्छ्रयं देवयानीं गतां सक्तां च वाससि शर्मिष्ठा प्राक्षिपत्कूपे ततः स्वपुरमाव्रजत्
AI Translation: Vaishmapayana said: Devayani, who was attached to the clothes, was thrown into the well by Sharmishtha and then she went to her own city.
Supplementary Passages:
1.73.12 After 12ab, G2 ins.: *725 हृत्वा तद्व्यसने दिव्ये गृहीत्वा जठरे रुषा After 12, G1.2 ins.: *726 तृणवीरुत्समाच्छन्ने स्वपुरं प्रययौ तदा
हतेयमिति विज्ञाय शर्मिष्ठा पापनिश्चया अनवेक्ष्य ययौ वेश्म क्रोधवेगपरायणा
AI Translation: Knowing that she was killed, Śarmiṣṭhā, determined to do evil, went to her house, overcome by the force of anger.
Supplementary Passages:
1.73.13 After 13, D3 S ins.: *727 प्रविश्य स्वगृहं स्वस्था धर्ममासुरमास्थिता
अथ तं देशमभ्यागाद्ययातिर्नहुषात्मजः श्रान्तयुग्यः श्रान्तहयो मृगलिप्सुः पिपासितः
AI Translation: Then Yayaati, the son of Nahusha, came to that place. His yoked animals were tired, his horses were tired, he was desirous of deer, and thirsty.
स नाहुषः प्रेक्षमाण उदपानं गतोदकम् ददर्श कन्यां तां तत्र दीप्तामग्निशिखामिव
AI Translation: Nahuṣa, looking, went to a well with water. He saw the girl there, shining like the flame of a fire.
Supplementary Passages:
1.73.15 T G (except G4.5) ins. after 15: D3, after 16: *728 तां दृष्ट्वा रूपसंपन्नां सर्वाभरणभूषिताम् सर्वलक्षणसंपन्नामपृच्छत्स नराधिपः
तामपृच्छत्स दृष्ट्वैव कन्याममरवर्णिनीम् सान्त्वयित्वा नृपश्रेष्ठः साम्ना परमवल्गुना
AI Translation: Seeing that girl of divine complexion, he asked her: Having consoled her with sweet words, the best of kings said:
का त्वं ताम्रनखी श्यामा सुमृष्टमणिकुण्डला दीर्घं ध्यायसि चात्यर्थं कस्माच्छ्वसिषि चातुरा
AI Translation: Who are you, with copper-colored nails, dark, with well-polished jeweled earrings, Meditating deeply, why are you breathing so heavily and distressed?
कथं च पतितास्यस्मिन्कूपे वीरुत्तृणावृते दुहिता चैव कस्य त्वं वद सर्वं सुमध्यमे
M. N. Dutt: Why are you in such anxiety? Why are you weeping in distress? How have you fallen into this well covered with long grass and creepers? O beauty of slender-waist, tell me truly, whose daughter are you?
देवयान्युवाच योऽसौ देवैर्हतान्दैत्यानुत्थापयति विद्यया तस्य शुक्रस्य कन्याहं स मां नूनं न बुध्यते
M. N. Dutt: Devayani said : I am the daughter of Shukra who revives the Asuras, killed by the celestial. He knows not what has befallen me.
Supplementary Passages:
1.73.19 After 19, D3.4 S ins.: *729 पृच्छसे मां कस्त्वमसि रूपवीर्यबलान्वितः ब्रूह्यत्रागमनं किं वा श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वतः ययातिः ययातिर्नाहुषोऽहं तु श्रान्तोऽद्य मृगकाङ्क्षया क्वचिदत्रागतो भद्रे दृष्टवानस्मि त्वामिह देवयानी
एष मे दक्षिणो राजन्पाणिस्ताम्रनखाङ्गुलिः समुद्धर गृहीत्वा मां कुलीनस्त्वं हि मे मतः
AI Translation: This hand of mine, O king, is the right one, with fingers having copper-coloured nails. Lift me up, taking hold of me. You are considered to be of noble birth by me.
जानामि हि त्वां संशान्तं वीर्यवन्तं यशस्विनम् तस्मान्मां पतितामस्मात्कूपादुद्धर्तुमर्हसि
AI Translation: For I know you to be calm, heroic, and glorious. Therefore, you should lift me out of this well, where I have fallen.
वैशंपायन उवाच तामथ ब्राह्मणीं स्त्रीं च विज्ञाय नहुषात्मजः गृहीत्वा दक्षिणे पाणावुज्जहार ततोऽवटात्
AI Translation: Vaishampayana said: Recognizing her as a Brahmin woman, Nahusha's son took her by the right hand and lifted her out of the well.
उद्धृत्य चैनां तरसा तस्मात्कूपान्नराधिपः आमन्त्रयित्वा सुश्रोणीं ययातिः स्वपुरं ययौ
AI Translation: Having quickly lifted her out of the well, the king and having addressed the beautiful-hipped one, Yayāti went to his city.
Supplementary Passages:
1.73.23 After 23ab, D3.4 S ins.: *730 ययातिः गच्छ भद्रे यथाकामं न भयं विद्यते तव इत्युच्यमाना नृपतिं देवयानीदमुत्तरम् उवाच मामुपादाय गच्छ शीघ्रं प्रियोऽसि मे गृहीताहं त्वया पाणौ तस्माद्भर्ता भविष्यसि इत्येवमुक्तो नृपतिराह क्षत्रकुलोद्भवः त्वं भद्रे ब्राह्मणी तस्मान्मया नार्हसि संगमम् सर्वलोकगुरुः काव्यस्त्वं तस्य दुहितासि वै तस्मादपि भयं मेऽद्य तस्मात्कल्याणि नार्हसि देवयानी यदि मद्वचनान्नाद्य मां नेच्छसि नराधिप त्वामेव वरये पित्रा पश्चाज्ज्ञास्यसि गच्छ हि After 23, all MSS. except K ins.: *731 गते तु नाहुषे तस्मिन्देवयान्यप्यनिन्दिता D3.4 S cont.: *732 क्वचिदार्ता च रुदती वृक्षमाश्रित्य तिष्ठती ततश्चिरायमाणायां दुहितर्याह भार्गवः धात्रि त्वमानय क्षिप्रं देवयानीं शुचिस्मिताम् इत्युक्तमात्रे सा धात्री त्वरितानयितुं गता यत्र यत्र सखीभिः सा गता पदममार्गत सा ददर्श तथा दीनां श्रमार्तां रुदतीं स्थिताम् धात्री वृत्तं ते किमिदं भद्रे शीघ्रं वद पिताह्वयत् एवमुक्ताह धात्रीं तां शर्मिष्ठावृजिनं कृतम् After line 2, D4 ins.: *733 संस्मृत्योवाच धात्रीं तां दुहितुः स्नेहविक्लवः After line 6, G1.2 ins.: *734 अश्रुभिः स्नापयन्तीं तां पीनोन्नतकुचावुभौ वृक्षमूलमुपाश्रित्य देवतामिव तद्वने Ñ B D ins. after 731* (D3.4, after 732*): *735 उवाच शोकसंतप्ता घूर्णिकामागतां पुरः
देवयान्युवाच त्वरितं घूर्णिके गच्छ सर्वमाचक्ष्व मे पितुः नेदानीं हि प्रवक्ष्यामि नगरं वृषपर्वणः
M. N. Dutt: Devayani said : O Ghurnika, go speedily to my father and tell him as soon as possible all that had happened. I shall not enter the city of Vrishaparva.
वैशंपायन उवाच सा तु वै त्वरितं गत्वा घूर्णिकासुरमन्दिरम् दृष्ट्वा काव्यमुवाचेदं संभ्रमाविष्टचेतना
AI Translation: Vaishampayana said She quickly went to the abode of Ghurnika Asura and, seeing Kavya, spoke to him with a mind full of fear:
Supplementary Passages:
1.73.25 For 25, T G1-3.6 subst.: *736 त्वरितं घूर्णिका गत्वा प्रविवेश पुरोत्तमम् द्विजप्रवरमासाद्य वचनं चेदमब्रवीत्
आचक्षे ते महाप्राज्ञ देवयानी वने हता शर्मिष्ठया महाभाग दुहित्रा वृषपर्वणः
AI Translation: I am telling you, O wise one, that Devayani has been killed in the forest by Sharmishtha, the daughter of the illustrious Vrishaparva.
श्रुत्वा दुहितरं काव्यस्तत्र शर्मिष्ठया हताम् त्वरया निर्ययौ दुःखान्मार्गमाणः सुतां वने
AI Translation: Hearing that his daughter had been killed by Śarmiṣṭhā, Kāvya hurriedly went out in grief, searching for his daughter in the forest.
Supplementary Passages:
1.73.27 After 27ab, T G (except G4.5) ins.: *737 त्वरमाणोऽनुमार्गं स निश्चक्राम पुरोत्तमात्
दृष्ट्वा दुहितरं काव्यो देवयानीं ततो वने बाहुभ्यां संपरिष्वज्य दुःखितो वाक्यमब्रवीत्
AI Translation: Seeing his daughter Devayani in the forest, Kavyya embraced her with his arms and, being distressed, spoke these words:
आत्मदोषैर्नियच्छन्ति सर्वे दुःखसुखे जनाः मन्ये दुश्चरितं तेऽस्ति यस्येयं निष्कृतिः कृता
AI Translation: All people are restrained by their own faults from happiness and suffering. I think you must have committed a bad deed, since this is the punishment you have received.
देवयान्युवाच निष्कृतिर्मेऽस्तु वा मास्तु शृणुष्वावहितो मम शर्मिष्ठया यदुक्तास्मि दुहित्रा वृषपर्वणः सत्यं किलैतत्सा प्राह दैत्यानामसि गायनः
AI Translation: Devayani said: "Let there be or let there not be an atonement for me. Listen attentively to me." "What was said to me by Sharmishtha, the daughter of Vrishaparva, "It is true that she said, 'You are the
एवं हि मे कथयति शर्मिष्ठा वार्षपर्वणी वचनं तीक्ष्णपरुषं क्रोधरक्तेक्षणा भृशम्
AI Translation: Thus did Sharmistha, the daughter of Varsh Parvani, speak to me, with harsh words, her eyes red with anger.
Supplementary Passages:
1.73.31 S (except G4.5) subst. for 31ab (T1 G6 ins. before 31ab): *738 एवं मामाह शर्मिष्ठा शिष्या तव महामुने
स्तुवतो दुहिता हि त्वं याचतः प्रतिगृह्णतः सुताहं स्तूयमानस्य ददतोऽप्रतिगृह्णतः
AI Translation: You are the daughter of one who praises, of one who begs, of one who accepts. I am the daughter of one who is praised, of one who gives, of one who does not accept.
इति मामाह शर्मिष्ठा दुहिता वृषपर्वणः क्रोधसंरक्तनयना दर्पपूर्णा पुनः पुनः
M. N. Dutt: And who accepts alms, whereas I am the daughter of one who is the adored of all, who gives alms and never receives and gift from any body.” Thus again and again spoke to me Sharmishtha, the daughter of Vrishaparva, full of pride, her eyes red in anger.
यद्यहं स्तुवतस्तात दुहिता प्रतिगृह्णतः प्रसादयिष्ये शर्मिष्ठामित्युक्ता हि सखी मया
M. N. Dutt: O father, if I am really the daughter of a hired chanter of others' praises and of one who accepts alms, I must adore her in the hope of getting her favour. I have already told this to her.
Supplementary Passages:
1.73.34 K4 D3 S ins. after 34: D4, after 33: *739 उक्ताप्येवं भृशं क्रुद्धा मां गृह्य विजने वने कूपे प्रक्षेपयामास प्रक्षिप्यैव गृहं ययौ G1 cont.: *740 अमृतां मां मृतां मत्वा कूपेऽतीव निरूदके अनावृत्तां निरीक्ष्यैव हृष्टा स्वभवनं ययौ
शुक्र उवाच स्तुवतो दुहिता न त्वं भद्रे न प्रतिगृह्णतः अस्तोतुः स्तूयमानस्य दुहिता देवयान्यसि
M. N. Dutt: Shukra said: O Devayani, you are not the daughter of a hired chanter of praises, nor that of one who asks for alms and receives them. You are the daughter of one who is adored by all and who adores none.
वृषपर्वैव तद्वेद शक्रो राजा च नाहुषः अचिन्त्यं ब्रह्म निर्द्वन्द्वमैश्वरं हि बलं मम
M. N. Dutt: Vrishaparva and Indra and king Yayati, (all) know my strength to be inconceivable like Brahma and unapproachable God.
Supplementary Passages:
1.73.36 After 36c, G (except G3.6) ins.: *741 अहं न वेद्मि न चापरे गायन्नाहं तदेवेह D3 T1 G3 M3.5 ins. after 36c: G1.2.4.5, after 741*: *742 न स्तोता न च वन्दिता मम विद्या हि निर्द्वन्द्वा After 36, D3 G (except G6) ins.: *743 दैन्यं शाठ्यं च जैह्म्यं च नास्ति मे तत्त्वतः शुभे Dn ins. after 36: K0.4, before the first st. of the foll. adhy.: *744 यच्च किंचित्सर्वगतं भूमौ वा यदि वा दिवि तस्याहमीश्वरो नित्यं तुष्टेनोक्तः स्वयंभुवा अहं जलं विमुञ्चामि प्रजानां हितकाम्यया पुष्णाम्यौषधयः सर्वा इति सत्यं ब्रवीमि ते वैशंपायन उवाच एवं विषादमापन्नां मन्युना संप्रपीडिताम् वचनैर्मधुरैः श्लक्ष्णैः सान्त्वयामास तां पिता