Critical Edition
वैशंपायन उवाच ते प्रतस्थुः पुरस्कृत्य मातरं पुरुषर्षभाः समैरुदङ्मुखैर्मार्गैर्यथोद्दिष्टं परंतपाः
AI Translation: Vaishampayana said: Those bulls among men, the sons of Pandu, set out with their mother at the head, following the northern route as indicated by the great sage.
Supplementary Passages:
1.158.1 After vaiśaṃ (resp. its v.l.), K3.4 Ñ2 V1 B Dn D1.2.4 ins.: *1710 गते भगवति व्यासे पाण्डवा हृष्टमानसाः K4 Ñ2 V1 B6 Da D2.4 (marg. sec. m.) ins. after 1ab: B3.5, after 1710*: *1711 आमन्त्र्य ब्राह्मणं पूर्वमभिवाद्यानुमान्य च
ते गच्छन्तस्त्वहोरात्रं तीर्थं सोमश्रवायणम् आसेदुः पुरुषव्याघ्रा गङ्गायां पाण्डुनन्दनाः
M. N. Dutt: Those best of men, the sons of Pandu, came to (the banks of) the Ganges. The great car-warriors Dhananjaya (Arjuna) walked before, carrying torch in his hand for showing them the way and for protecting them.
Supplementary Passages:
1.158.2 After 2a, S ins.: *1712 पाञ्चालनगरं प्रति अभ्याजग्मुर्लोकनदीं गङ्गां भागीरथीं प्रति चन्द्रास्तमयवेलायामर्धरात्रे समागमे वारि चैवानुमज्जन्तः
उल्मुकं तु समुद्यम्य तेषामग्रे धनंजयः प्रकाशार्थं ययौ तत्र रक्षार्थं च महायशाः
M. N. Dutt: There is the delightful waters of the Ganges was sporting in solitude the proud king of the Gandharvas (Chitraratha) with his wives.
तत्र गङ्गाजले रम्ये विविक्ते क्रीडयन्स्त्रियः ईर्ष्युर्गन्धर्वराजः स्म जलक्रीडामुपागतः
M. N. Dutt: He heard the noise (of the footsteps of the Pandavas) approaching the river. The greatly strong (Gandharva) was inflamed with wrath by (hearing) the noise.
शब्दं तेषां स शुश्राव नदीं समुपसर्पताम् तेन शब्देन चाविष्टश्चुक्रोध बलवद्बली
M. N. Dutt: Seeing there those chastisers of foes, the Pandavas, with their mother and drawing his fearful bow, he spoke thus,
स दृष्ट्वा पाण्डवांस्तत्र सह मात्रा परंतपान् विस्फारयन्धनुर्घोरमिदं वचनमब्रवीत्
AI Translation: Seeing the Pandavas there with their mother, the scorcher of enemies, drawing his terrible bow, spoke these words:
संध्या संरज्यते घोरा पूर्वरात्रागमेषु या अशीतिभिस्त्रुटैर्हीनं तं मुहूर्तं प्रचक्षते
AI Translation: The twilight that is terrible at the beginning of the night, That is said to be a muhurta, lacking eighty trutīs.
विहितं कामचाराणां यक्षगन्धर्वरक्षसाम् शेषमन्यन्मनुष्याणां कामचारमिह स्मृतम्
M. N. Dutt: Therefore, if any man out of greed wander during those moments and come near us, both we, (the Gandharvas) and the Rakshasas kill those fools.
लोभात्प्रचारं चरतस्तासु वेलासु वै नरान् उपक्रान्ता निगृह्णीमो राक्षसैः सह बालिशान्
M. N. Dutt: The men learned in the Vedas disapprove (the actions of) those men, nay even of the kings at the head of their enemies who come to any lake or river at such a time.
ततो रात्रौ प्राप्नुवतो जलं ब्रह्मविदो जनाः गर्हयन्ति नरान्सर्वान्बलस्थान्नृपतीनपि
M. N. Dutt: Stay at a distance. Do not come near me. Know you not that I am (now) bathing in the waters of the Bhagirathi.
आरात्तिष्ठत मा मह्यं समीपमुपसर्पत कस्मान्मां नाभिजानीत प्राप्तं भागीरथीजलम्
M. N. Dutt: Know me to be the Gandharva, named Angarparna who depends only on his own strength of arms. I am proud and haughty; I am the friend of Kubera.
अङ्गारपर्णं गन्धर्वं वित्त मां स्वबलाश्रयम् अहं हि मानी चेर्ष्युश्च कुबेरस्य प्रियः सखा
M. N. Dutt: This my forest on the banks of the Ganges is known by the name of Angarparna in which I sport to gratify myself.
अङ्गारपर्णमिति च ख्यातं वनमिदं मम अनु गङ्गां च वाकां च चित्रं यत्र वसाम्यहम्
M. N. Dutt: The Kapalikas, the Shringis or the Devas, dare not come here it appears you are human beings. How dare you (then) to approach me who is the brightest jewel in Kubera's crown?
न कुणपाः शृङ्गिणो वा न देवा न च मानुषाः इदं समुपसर्पन्ति तत्किं समुपसर्पथ
AI Translation: Not the horned ones, not the horned ones, not the gods, not the men, come near to this. Why do you come near to this?
अर्जुन उवाच समुद्रे हिमवत्पार्श्वे नद्यामस्यां च दुर्मते रात्रावहनि संधौ च कस्य कॢप्तः परिग्रहः
AI Translation: Arjuna said: On the ocean, on the slopes of the Himalayas, on this river, and at night, at dawn, and at dusk, who has been appointed to protect?
Supplementary Passages:
1.158.15 After 15, Ñ2 V1 Dn D1.4.5 ins.: *1713 भुक्तो वाप्यथ वाभुक्तो रात्रावहनि खेचर न कालनियमो ह्यस्ति गङ्गां प्राप्य सरिद्वराम्
वयं च शक्तिसंपन्ना अकाले त्वामधृष्णुमः अशक्ता हि क्षणे क्रूरे युष्मानर्चन्ति मानवाः
M. N. Dutt: We are endued with prowess, we care not when, we disturb you. O wicked being, those men that are incapable (of fighting) worship you.
पुरा हिमवतश्चैषा हेमशृङ्गाद्विनिःसृता गङ्गा गत्वा समुद्राम्भः सप्तधा प्रतिपद्यते
M. N. Dutt: This Ganges, issuing out of the golden peaks of the Himalayas, falls into the ocean by seven streams.
Supplementary Passages:
1.158.17 After 17, Ñ2 V1 Dn D1.4.5 ins.: *1714 गङ्गां च यमुनां चैव प्लक्षजातां सरस्वतीम् रथस्थां सरयूं चैव गोमतीं गण्डकीं तथा अपर्युषितपापास्ते नदीः सप्त पिबन्ति ये
इयं भूत्वा चैकवप्रा शुचिराकाशगा पुनः देवेषु गङ्गा गन्धर्व प्राप्नोत्यलकनन्दताम्
M. N. Dutt: Those that drink the waters of these seven rivers are cleansed of their sins. O Gandharva, this sacred Ganga, following through the celestials regions, is called there Alaknanda,
Supplementary Passages:
1.158.18 After 18, K4 D5 (corrupt) ins.: *1715 वङ्क्षुर्भद्रा चोत्तरगा हिमवत्पदनिःसृता
तथा पितॄन्वैतरणी दुस्तरा पापकर्मभिः गङ्गा भवति गन्धर्व यथा द्वैपायनोऽब्रवीत्
AI Translation: And the ancestors, the Vaitarani, difficult to cross for those who have committed evil deeds. The Ganges becomes, O Gandharva, as Dvaipayana said.
असंबाधा देवनदी स्वर्गसंपादनी शुभा कथमिच्छसि तां रोद्धुं नैष धर्मः सनातनः
AI Translation: The river of the gods is unobstructed, auspicious, and brings about heavenly accomplishments. How can you wish to obstruct it? This is not the eternal Dharma.
अनिवार्यमसंबाधं तव वाचा कथं वयम् न स्पृशेम यथाकामं पुण्यं भागीरथीजलम्
M. N. Dutt: Why should we not, disregarding your words, touch at pleasure the sacred waters of the Bhagirathi which is ever accessible to all.
वैशंपायन उवाच अङ्गारपर्णस्तच्छ्रुत्वा क्रुद्ध आनम्य कार्मुकम् मुमोच सायकान्दीप्तानहीनाशीविषानिव
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said : Hearing this, Angarparna became very angry and drawing his bow he shot at them his arrows which were like the poisonous snakes.
उल्मुकं भ्रामयंस्तूर्णं पाण्डवश्चर्म चोत्तमम् व्यपोवाह शरांस्तस्य सर्वानेव धनंजयः
M. N. Dutt: The Pandava Dhananjaya, who had an excellent shield, warded off all those arrows with it and with the torch in his hand.
अर्जुन उवाच बिभीषिकैषा गन्धर्व नास्त्रज्ञेषु प्रयुज्यते अस्त्रज्ञेषु प्रयुक्तैषा फेनवत्प्रविलीयते
M. N. Dutt: Arjuna said : O Gandharva, seek not to terrify those who are skilled in weapons, for weapons hurled at them vanish like froth.
मानुषानति गन्धर्वान्सर्वान्गन्धर्व लक्षये तस्मादस्त्रेण दिव्येन योत्स्येऽहं न तु मायया
M. N. Dutt: O Gandharva, I know Gandharvas are superior to men (in prowess). I shall therefore fight with you by using the celestials weapons. I shall not use delusions.
पुरास्त्रमिदमाग्नेयं प्रादात्किल बृहस्पतिः भरद्वाजस्य गन्धर्व गुरुपुत्रः शतक्रतोः
M. N. Dutt: The fire weapon that I hurl against you was formerly given by the preceptor of Indra, Brihaspati, to Bharadvaja.
भरद्वाजादग्निवेश्यो अग्निवेश्याद्गुरुर्मम स त्विदं मह्यमददाद्द्रोणो ब्राह्मणसत्तमः
M. N. Dutt: From Bharadvaja, it was obtained by Agnivaishya and from Agnivaishya by my preceptor, and that excellent Brahmana Drona gave it to mc.
वैशंपायन उवाच इत्युक्त्वा पाण्डवः क्रुद्धो गन्धर्वाय मुमोच ह प्रदीप्तमस्त्रमाग्नेयं ददाहास्य रथं तु तत्
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said : Having said this, the Pandava (Arjuna) angrily hurled at the Gandharva that blazing fire weapon which immediately brunt his chariot.
विरथं विप्लुतं तं तु स गन्धर्वं महाबलम् अस्त्रतेजःप्रमूढं च प्रपतन्तमवाङ्मुखम्
M. N. Dutt: Having fainted away by the force of the weapon, the greatly powerful Gandharva was falling headlong downwards from his chariot,
शिरोरुहेषु जग्राह माल्यवत्सु धनंजयः भ्रातॄन्प्रति चकर्षाथ सोऽस्त्रपातादचेतसम्
M. N. Dutt: But Dhananjaya sized him by the hair of his head which was adorned with garlands of flowers. He dragged towards his brother that (Gandharva), insonsible in consequence of (being wounded by) the weapon.
युधिष्ठिरं तस्य भार्या प्रपेदे शरणार्थिनी नाम्ना कुम्भीनसी नाम पतित्राणमभीप्सती
M. N. Dutt: (Seeing this), his wife, named Kumbhinasi, being desirous of rescuing her husband, came to Yudhishthira and asked his protection.
गन्धर्व्युवाच त्राहि त्वं मां महाराज पतिं चेमं विमुञ्च मे गन्धर्वीं शरणं प्राप्तां नाम्ना कुम्बीनसीं प्रभो
M. N. Dutt: The Gandharvi said : O exalted one, extend your protection to me. Set my husband free. () Lord, I am a Gandharvi, named Kumbhinasi, I ask your protection.
Supplementary Passages:
1.158.32 After 32, K4 ins.: *1716 दीनं वाक्यं तु तच्छ्रुत्वा युधिष्ठिर उवाच ह while Da Dn3 ins.: *1717 दृष्ट्वोवाच महाबाहुः फाल्गुनं वै युधिष्ठिरः and, finally, T G (except G1.3) ins.: *1718 दृष्ट्वानुग्रहभावाच्च पार्थः पार्थमुवाच ह
युधिष्ठिर उवाच युद्धे जितं यशोहीनं स्त्रीनाथमपराक्रमम् को नु हन्याद्रिपुं त्वादृङ्मुञ्चेमं रिपुसूदन
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said : O chastiser of foes, who would kill an enemy who has been vanquished in the battle, who has been deprived of his fame, who is protected by a woman and who is incapable of defending himself), O child, set him free.
अर्जुन उवाच अङ्गेमं प्रतिपद्यस्व गच्छ गन्धर्व मा शुचः प्रदिशत्यभयं तेऽद्य कुरुराजो युधिष्ठिरः
M. N. Dutt: Arjuna said : O Gandharva, take your life. Go hence and do not grieve. The king of the Kurus, Yudhishthira others me today to show you mercy.
गन्धर्व उवाच जितोऽहं पूर्वकं नाम मुञ्चाम्यङ्गारपर्णताम् न च श्लाघे बलेनाद्य न नाम्ना जनसंसदि
M. N. Dutt: The Gandharva said: I have been defeated by you, therefore, I shall give up my former name of Angarparna. In name only I shall not be boastful when really I am not strong in prowess like men.
साध्विमं लब्धवाँल्लाभं योऽहं दिव्यास्त्रधारिणम् गान्धर्व्या मायया योद्धुमिच्छामि वयसा वरम्
M. N. Dutt: It is a great fortune to me that I have obtained a man who wields celestials weapons. I am desirous to impart to Arjuna the power of illusions of the Gandharvas.
अस्त्राग्निना विचित्रोऽयं दग्धो मे रथ उत्तमः सोऽहं चित्ररथो भूत्वा नाम्ना दग्धरथोऽभवम्
M. N. Dutt: My excellent and beautiful chariot has been brunt by your fire weapon. I was (formerly) called Chitraratha having a beautiful chariot, I shall now be called Dagdharatha (having the chariot) burnt..
संभृता चैव विद्येयं तपसेह पुरा मया निवेदयिष्ये तामद्य प्राणदाया महात्मने
M. N. Dutt: The science (of illusion) of which I spoke to you and which I formerly obtained by asceticism will be today given by me to that illustrious man who has given me my life.
संस्तम्भितं हि तरसा जितं शरणमागतम् योऽरिं संयोजयेत्प्राणैः कल्याणं किं न सोऽर्हति
M. N. Dutt: What good fortune does he not deserve to obtain who after defeating an enemy gives him his life when he asks it from him?
चक्षुषी नाम विद्येयं यां सोमाय ददौ मनुः ददौ स विश्वावसवे मह्यं विश्वावसुर्ददौ
M. N. Dutt: This science is called Chakshushi. It was taught by Manu to Soma. Soma taught it to Vishvavasu, Vishvavasu, taught it to me.
सेयं कापुरुषं प्राप्ता गुरुदत्ता प्रणश्यति आगमोऽस्या मया प्रोक्तो वीर्यं प्रतिनिबोध मे
M. N. Dutt: Having been given by the preceptor to one who is a Kapurusha (without energy) it went to die out. I have spoken to you about its coming (origin and transmission); listen now to its prowess.
यच्चक्षुषा द्रष्टुमिच्छेत्त्रिषु लोकेषु किंचन तत्पश्येद्यादृशं चेच्छेत्तादृषं द्रष्टुमर्हति
M. N. Dutt: Whatever you will desire to see by your eyes in this world and whatever its nature it will be seen by you (by the help of this science).
समानपद्ये षण्मासान्स्थितो विद्यां लभेदिमाम् अनुनेष्याम्यहं विद्यां स्वयं तुभ्यं व्रते कृते
M. N. Dutt: One can acquire this (science) by standing on one leg for six months. I shall impart to you this science without your observing any vows.
विद्यया ह्यनया राजन्वयं नृभ्यो विशेषिताः अविशिष्टाश्च देवानामनुभावप्रवर्तिताः
M. N. Dutt: O king, (only) on account of this science, we have a superiority over men. Because we are capable of seeing everything (by our spiritual eyes), we are equal to the celestials.
गन्धर्वजानामश्वानामहं पुरुषसत्तम भ्रातृभ्यस्तव पञ्चभ्यः पृथग्दाता शतं शतम्
M. N. Dutt: O excellent man, I desire to give you and your brothers, cach separately, one hundred horses born in the regions of the Gandharvas.
देवगन्धर्ववाहास्ते दिव्यगन्धा मनोगमाः क्षीणाः क्षीणा भवन्त्येते न हीयन्ते च रंहसः
M. N. Dutt: They are employed in carrying the Devas and the Gandharvas; they are of the celestials colour, and they possess speed as that of the mind. They may be lean and thin in body, but they never feel tired and their speed never suffers for this reason.
पुरा कृतं महेन्द्रस्य वज्रं वृत्रनिबर्हणे दशधा शतधा चैव तच्छीर्णं वृत्रमूर्धनि
M. N. Dutt: The thunder was created by Indra in the days of yore in order to kill Vitra, (but) it broke into a thousand pieces when hurled on Vitra's head.
ततो भागीकृतो देवैर्वज्रभाग उपास्यते लोके यत्साधनं किंचित्सा वै वज्रतनुः स्मृता
M. N. Dutt: Thereupon the celestials worshipped those fragments of the thunder thus broken into pieces. That which is known in the world as the wealth of fame is a portion of the thunder.
वज्रपाणिर्ब्राह्मणः स्यात्क्षत्रं वज्ररथं स्मृतम् वैश्या वै दानवज्राश्च कर्मवज्रा यवीयसः
M. N. Dutt: The hands of Brahmanas are (the portion of) the thunder; the chariots of the Kshatriyas are (also the portions of) the thunder. The charity of the Vaishyas are (also the portions of) the thunder and the services of the Shudras are (also the portion of) the thunder.
वज्रं क्षत्रस्य वाजिनो अवध्या वाजिनः स्मृताः रथाङ्गं वडवा सूते सूताश्चाश्वेषु ये मताः
M. N. Dutt: The horses of the Kshatriyas being the portions of the thunder, it is said they are never to be killed. The portions of the chariots (the horses) are the offspring of Vadaba. Those amongst them that are Shuras.
कामवर्णाः कामजवाः कामतः समुपस्थिताः इमे गन्धर्वजाः कामं पूरयिष्यन्ति ते हयाः
M. N. Dutt: Are capable of assuming any colour at pleasure, of going any where at will and of running at its owner's will. These horses of mine born in the Gandharva region will always fullfil your desire.
अर्जुन उवाच यदि प्रीतेन वा दत्तं संशये जीवितस्य वा विद्या वित्तं श्रुतं वापि न तद्गन्धर्व कामये
M. N. Dutt: Arjuna said : O Gandharva, if you give me out of your satisfaction for obtaining life in a crisis, these horses and the wealth of science shall not accept it.
गन्धर्व उवाच संयोगो वै प्रीतिकरः संसत्सु प्रतिदृश्यते जीवितस्य प्रदानेन प्रीतो विद्यां ददामि ते
M. N. Dutt: The Gandharva said : A meeting with an illustrious person is always a matter of gratification. Besides you have given me life. Thus being pleased with you, I give the science.
त्वत्तो ह्यहं ग्रहीष्यामि अस्त्रमाग्नेयमुत्तमम् तथैव सख्यं बीभत्सो चिराय भरतर्षभ
M. N. Dutt: O best of the Bharata race, O Bibhatsa, so that the obligation may be not only on one side, I shall take from you your excellent and eternal fire-weapon.
अर्जुन उवाच त्वत्तोऽस्त्रेण वृणोम्यश्वान्संयोगः शाश्वतोऽस्तु नौ सखे तद्ब्रूहि गन्धर्व युष्मभ्यो यद्भयं त्यजेत्
M. N. Dutt: Arjuna said : O Gandharva, I shall take your horses in exchange of my weapon. Let our friendship be ever-lasting. O friend, tell me that from which the danger of ours (human beings) arises from the Gandharvas.