Critical Edition
करालजनक उवाच नानात्वैकत्वमित्युक्तं त्वयैतदृषिसत्तम पश्यामि चाभिसंदिग्धमेतयोर्वै निदर्शनम्
AI Translation: Karālajanaka said: O best of sages, you have said that this is duality and oneness. I see that the illustration of these two is ambiguous.
तथाप्रबुद्धबुद्धाभ्यां बुध्यमानस्य चानघ स्थूलबुद्ध्या न पश्यामि तत्त्वमेतन्न संशयः
AI Translation: O sinless one, I do not see the truth with my gross intellect, between the awakened and the awakened one, and the one who is about to awaken.
अक्षरक्षरयोरुक्तं त्वया यदपि कारणम् तदप्यस्थिरबुद्धित्वात्प्रनष्टमिव मेऽनघ
AI Translation: The cause of the letter and the unlettered, which you have stated, has also disappeared, as it were, from me, O sinless one, because of my unstable intellect.
तदेतच्छ्रोतुमिच्छामि नानात्वैकत्वदर्शनम् बुद्धमप्रतिबुद्धं च बुध्यमानं च तत्त्वतः
AI Translation: I wish to hear about this, the view of diversity and unity, the Buddha, the unawakened, and the one who is truly awakening.
विद्याविद्ये च भगवन्नक्षरं क्षरमेव च सांख्यं योगं च कार्त्स्न्येन पृथक्चैवापृथक्च ह
AI Translation: O Blessed One, knowledge and ignorance, the imperishable and the perishable, Sāṃkhya and Yoga, in their entirety, separately and inseparably,
वसिष्ठ उवाच हन्त ते संप्रवक्ष्यामि यदेतदनुपृच्छसि योगकृत्यं महाराज पृथगेव शृणुष्व मे
AI Translation: Vasishtha said: I shall tell you what you have asked me. O great king, listen to me separately about the duties of Yoga.
योगकृत्यं तु योगानां ध्यानमेव परं बलम् तच्चापि द्विविधं ध्यानमाहुर्वेदविदो जनाः
AI Translation: The duty of Yoga is meditation, which is the greatest strength of the Yogas. And that meditation also is of two kinds, say the people who know the Vedas.
एकाग्रता च मनसः प्राणायामस्तथैव च प्राणायामस्तु सगुणो निर्गुणो मनसस्तथा
AI Translation: One-pointedness of mind and prāṇāyāma, and Prāṇāyāma is with qualities, and also without qualities, and the mind.
मूत्रोत्सर्गे पुरीषे च भोजने च नराधिप त्रिकालं नाभियुञ्जीत शेषं युञ्जीत तत्परः
AI Translation: O king, one should not be engaged in the three times of urination, defecation, and eating. One should be engaged in the rest, being devoted to that.
इन्द्रियाणीन्द्रियार्थेभ्यो निवर्त्य मनसा मुनिः दशद्वादशभिर्वापि चतुर्विंशात्परं ततः
AI Translation: The sage, having withdrawn the senses from the objects of the senses, with the mind, from ten, twelve, or twenty-four, beyond that.
तं चोदनाभिर्मतिमानात्मानं चोदयेदथ तिष्ठन्तमजरं तं तु यत्तदुक्तं मनीषिभिः
AI Translation: And he should incite that self, which is the intellect, by means of injunctions, and that which is said by the wise to be the imperishable one.
तैश्चात्मा सततं ज्ञेय इत्येवमनुशुश्रुम द्रव्यं ह्यहीनमनसो नान्यथेति विनिश्चयः
AI Translation: And we have heard that the Self is to be known by them always. For the mind that is not deficient, the decision is that it is not otherwise.
विमुक्तः सर्वसङ्गेभ्यो लघ्वाहारो जितेन्द्रियः पूर्वरात्रे परे चैव धारयेत मनोऽऽत्मनि
AI Translation: Freed from all attachments, eating little, his senses controlled, He should keep his mind in the Self in the first and last watches of the night.
स्थिरीकृत्येन्द्रियग्रामं मनसा मिथिलेश्वर मनो बुद्ध्या स्थिरं कृत्वा पाषाण इव निश्चलः
AI Translation: Having stabilized the group of senses, O Lord of Mithila, with the mind, Having made the mind firm with the intellect, like a rock, unmoving,
स्थाणुवच्चाप्यकम्पः स्याद्गिरिवच्चापि निश्चलः बुधा विधिविधानज्ञास्तदा युक्तं प्रचक्षते
AI Translation: He should be like a pillar, unshakable, like a mountain, unmoving. The wise, knowing the rules of conduct, then declare it to be proper.
न शृणोति न चाघ्राति न रस्यति न पश्यति न च स्पर्शं विजानाति न संकल्पयते मनः
AI Translation: He does not hear, does not smell, does not taste, does not see, does not know touch, does not conceive with the mind,
न चाभिमन्यते किंचिन्न च बुध्यति काष्ठवत् तदा प्रकृतिमापन्नं युक्तमाहुर्मनीषिणः
AI Translation: He does not think of anything, he does not understand anything, like a piece of wood. Then, when he has attained his nature, the wise say that he is united.
निवाते च यथा दीप्यन्दीपस्तद्वत्स दृश्यते निरिङ्गश्चाचलश्चोर्ध्वं न तिर्यग्गतिमाप्नुयात्
AI Translation: Just as a lamp burns in a windless place, so you are seen. It is without a handle, immovable, and does not move horizontally or vertically.
तदा तमनुपश्येत यस्मिन्दृष्टे तु कथ्यते हृदयस्थोऽन्तरात्मेति ज्ञेयो ज्ञस्तात मद्विधैः
AI Translation: Then one should perceive that by which, when seen, it is said: "The inner self, the heart-dweller, should be known by me and others as the knower."
विधूम इव सप्तार्चिरादित्य इव रश्मिमान् वैद्युतोऽग्निरिवाकाशे दृश्यतेऽऽत्मा तथात्मनि
AI Translation: Like the smoke-free sun with its seven rays, like the lightning in the sky, the Self is seen in the Self.
यं पश्यन्ति महात्मानो धृतिमन्तो मनीषिणः ब्राह्मणा ब्रह्मयोनिष्ठा ह्ययोनिममृतात्मकम्
AI Translation: That which is seen by the great-souled, patient, wise ones, The Brahmanas who are in the womb of Brahman, the unborn, immortal Self.
तदेवाहुरणुभ्योऽणु तन्महद्भ्यो महत्तरम् तदन्तः सर्वभूतेषु ध्रुवं तिष्ठन्न दृश्यते
AI Translation: They say that it is smaller than the smallest and greater than the greatest. It abides in all beings, but is not seen.
बुद्धिद्रव्येण दृश्येत मनोदीपेन लोककृत् महतस्तमसस्तात पारे तिष्ठन्नतामसः
AI Translation: The Lord of the world is seen by the light of the mind, by the substance of the intellect. O father, he stands on the other side of the great darkness, beyond darkness.
स तमोनुद इत्युक्तस्तत्त्वज्ञैर्वेदपारगैः विमलो वितमस्कश्च निर्लिङ्गोऽलिङ्गसंज्ञितः
AI Translation: He is called Tamonuda by those who know the truth and have mastered the Vedas, He is Vimal, Vitataska, Nirlinga, and called Alinga.
योगमेतद्धि योगानां मन्ये योगस्य लक्षणम् एवं पश्यं प्रपश्यन्ति आत्मानमजरं परम्
AI Translation: This is the yoga of all yogas, I think, the characteristic of yoga. Thus seeing, they see the imperishable Self, the supreme.
योगदर्शनमेतावदुक्तं ते तत्त्वतो मया सांख्यज्ञानं प्रवक्ष्यामि परिसंख्यानिदर्शनम्
AI Translation: I have told you the truth about this much of the Yoga view. I shall explain the knowledge of Sāṃkhya, the view of the enumeration of the ultimate.
अव्यक्तमाहुः प्रकृतिं परां प्रकृतिवादिनः तस्मान्महत्समुत्पन्नं द्वितीयं राजसत्तम
AI Translation: The proponents of the doctrine of Prakriti declare the unmanifest to be the supreme Prakriti. From that, O best of kings, the great one arose as the second.
अहंकारस्तु महतस्तृतीयमिति नः श्रुतम् पञ्च भूतान्यहंकारादाहुः सांख्यानुदर्शिनः
AI Translation: We have heard that the ego is the third from the great one. The Sankhya philosophers say that the five elements are from the ego.
एताः प्रकृतयस्त्वष्टौ विकाराश्चापि षोडश पञ्च चैव विशेषा वै तथा पञ्चेन्द्रियाणि च
AI Translation: These eight are the primordial natures, and the modifications are sixteen, and the five particularities, and the five senses,
एतावदेव तत्त्वानां सांख्यमाहुर्मनीषिणः सांख्ये विधिविधानज्ञा नित्यं सांख्यपथे रताः
AI Translation: The wise ones say that this much is the Sāṃkhya of the truths. Those who know the rules and regulations of Sāṃkhya, always engaged in the path of S
यस्माद्यदभिजायेत तत्तत्रैव प्रलीयते लीयन्ते प्रतिलोमानि सृज्यन्ते चान्तरात्मना
AI Translation: Whatever is born there, it is dissolved there. The reverse (process) is dissolved and created by the inner self.
अनुलोमेन जायन्ते लीयन्ते प्रतिलोमतः गुणा गुणेषु सततं सागरस्योर्मयो यथा
AI Translation: They are born in the order of the qualities, and dissolve in the reverse order. The qualities are always in the qualities, like the waves of the ocean.
सर्गप्रलय एतावान्प्रकृतेर्नृपसत्तम एकत्वं प्रलये चास्य बहुत्वं च यदासृजत् एवमेव च राजेन्द्र विज्ञेयं ज्ञेयचिन्तकैः
AI Translation: O best of kings, this is the extent of creation and dissolution of Prakṛti. When it is one in dissolution and many when it creates. Thus, O lord of kings
अधिष्ठातारमव्यक्तमस्याप्येतन्निदर्शनम् एकत्वं च बहुत्वं च प्रकृतेरनु तत्त्ववान् एकत्वं प्रलये चास्य बहुत्वं च प्रवर्तनात्
AI Translation: The presiding deity is unmanifest, and this is an example of it. The one and the many are the nature of Prakṛti. The one is in its dissolution, and the many
बहुधात्मा प्रकुर्वीत प्रकृतिं प्रसवात्मिकाम् तच्च क्षेत्रं महानात्मा पञ्चविंशोऽधितिष्ठति
AI Translation: The many-bodied one should perform the nature that is the essence of birth. And that field is presided over by the great-souled twenty-fifth one.
अधिष्ठातेति राजेन्द्र प्रोच्यते यतिसत्तमैः अधिष्ठानादधिष्ठाता क्षेत्राणामिति नः श्रुतम्
AI Translation: The best of ascetics call him the "Lord" (Adhisthata), O King, We have heard that he is the Lord because he presides over the fields.
क्षेत्रं जानाति चाव्यक्तं क्षेत्रज्ञ इति चोच्यते अव्यक्तिके पुरे शेते पुरुषश्चेति कथ्यते
AI Translation: He who knows the field and the unmanifest is called the knower of the field. He who sleeps in the city of the unmanifest is called the Purusha.
अन्यदेव च क्षेत्रं स्यादन्यः क्षेत्रज्ञ उच्यते क्षेत्रमव्यक्तमित्युक्तं ज्ञाता वै पञ्चविंशकः
AI Translation: The field is one thing, the knower of the field is said to be another. The field is said to be the unmanifest, the knower is the twenty-fifth.
अन्यदेव च ज्ञानं स्यादन्यज्ज्ञेयं तदुच्यते ज्ञानमव्यक्तमित्युक्तं ज्ञेयो वै पञ्चविंशकः
AI Translation: Knowledge is one thing, the knowable is another. This is said to be so. Knowledge is said to be unmanifest, the knowable is the twenty-fifth.
अव्यक्तं क्षेत्रमित्युक्तं तथा सत्त्वं तथेश्वरम् अनीश्वरमतत्त्वं च तत्त्वं तत्पञ्चविंशकम्
AI Translation: The unmanifest is said to be the field, and so is sattva, and the lord. The non-lord, the non-truth, and the truth, that is the twenty-
सांख्यदर्शनमेतावत्परिसंख्यानदर्शनम् सांख्यं प्रकुरुते चैव प्रकृतिं च प्रचक्षते
AI Translation: This is the entire view of the Sāṃkhya, the view of the enumeration. The Sāṃkhya teaches and explains prakriti.
तत्त्वानि च चतुर्विंशत्परिसंख्याय तत्त्वतः सांख्याः सह प्रकृत्या तु निस्तत्त्वः पञ्चविंशकः
AI Translation: The twenty-four principles, along with Prakṛti, are the twenty-five principles according to the Sāṃkhyas.
पञ्चविंशोऽप्रबुद्धात्मा बुध्यमान इति स्मृतः यदा तु बुध्यतेऽऽत्मानं तदा भवति केवलः
AI Translation: The twenty-fifth is said to be the one who is becoming awakened from the unawakened self. But when he awakens to the self, then he becomes the sole one.
सम्यग्दर्शनमेतावद्भाषितं तव तत्त्वतः एवमेतद्विजानन्तः साम्यतां प्रतियान्त्युत
AI Translation: This is the true teaching of the right view, as you have spoken it. Those who know this attain equality.
सम्यङ्निदर्शनं नाम प्रत्यक्षं प्रकृतेस्तथा गुणतत्त्वान्यथैतानि निर्गुणोऽन्यस्तथा भवेत्
AI Translation: The right view is direct perception, the nature of the Prakriti, and the principles of the qualities. Thus, he who is devoid of qualities would be different.
न त्वेवं वर्तमानानामावृत्तिर्विद्यते पुनः विद्यतेऽक्षरभावत्वादपरस्परमव्ययम्
AI Translation: But there is no return for those who are present in this way. There is no destruction of each other because of the state of imperishability.
पश्येरन्नेकमतयो न सम्यक्तेषु दर्शनम् तेऽव्यक्तं प्रतिपद्यन्ते पुनः पुनररिंदम
AI Translation: Those of diverse views do not see them correctly. Those who are not subdued by the enemy again and again realize the unmanifest.
सर्वमेतद्विजानन्तो न सर्वस्य प्रबोधनात् व्यक्तीभूता भविष्यन्ति व्यक्तस्य वशवर्तिनः
AI Translation: Knowing all this, not all are enlightened, because of the non-enlightenment of all. They will become manifest, being under the control of the manifest.
सर्वमव्यक्तमित्युक्तमसर्वः पञ्चविंशकः य एनमभिजानन्ति न भयं तेषु विद्यते
AI Translation: All is unmanifest, it is said; the twenty-five is not all. Those who know this have no fear.