Critical Edition
युधिष्ठिर उवाच यदिदं श्राद्धधर्मेषु दीयते भरतर्षभ छत्रं चोपानहौ चैव केनैतत्संप्रवर्तितम् कथं चैतत्समुत्पन्नं किमर्थं च प्रदीयते
AI Translation: Yudhisthira said O bull of the Bharata lineage, what is given in the rites of the śrāddha The umbrella and sandals - by whom were these instituted? How did these originate? For what purpose are they given?
न केवलं श्राद्धधर्मे पुण्यकेष्वपि दीयते एतद्विस्तरतो राजञ्श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वतः
AI Translation: Not only in the rites of the dead, but also in meritorious acts, is it given. O king, I wish to hear this in detail.
Supplementary Passages:
13.97.2 After 2ab, V1 B Dn D1.2.6.8.10 ins.: *441 बहुष्वपि निमित्तेषु पुण्यमाश्रित्य दीयते
भीष्म उवाच शृणु राजन्नवहितश्छत्रोपानहविस्तरम् यथैतत्प्रथितं लोके येन चैतत्प्रवर्तितम्
M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said Do you, O prince, attentively listen to the details I shall recite about the custom of giving away umbrellas and shocs at religious rites, and as to how and by whom it was introduced.
यथा चाक्षय्यतां प्राप्तं पुण्यतां च यथा गतम् सर्वमेतदशेषेण प्रवक्ष्यामि जनाधिप
M. N. Dutt: I shall also tell you in full, O prince, how it acquired the force of a permanent observance and how it came to be considered as a meritorious act.
इतिहासं पुरावृत्तमिमं शृणु नराधिप जमदग्नेश्च संवादं सूर्यस्य च महात्मनः
AI Translation: O king, listen to this ancient story of the conversation between Jamadagni and the great-souled Sun.
पुरा स भगवान्साक्षाद्धनुषाक्रीडत प्रभो संधाय संधाय शरांश्चिक्षेप किल भार्गवः
AI Translation: Formerly, that Lord, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, played with His bow. The son of Bhṛgu, having strung His bow, shot arrows.
तान्क्षिप्तान्रेणुका सर्वांस्तस्येषून्दीप्ततेजसः आनाय्य सा तदा तस्मै प्रादादसकृदच्युत
AI Translation: All those arrows shot by him, of blazing energy, were brought back by Renuka and given to him again and again, O Achyuta.
अथ तेन स शब्देन ज्यातलस्य शरस्य च प्रहृष्टः संप्रचिक्षेप सा च प्रत्याजहार तान्
AI Translation: Then, with that sound of the bowstring and arrow, he joyfully shot them, and she took them back.
ततो मध्याह्नमारूढे ज्येष्ठामूले दिवाकरे स सायकान्द्विजो विद्ध्वा रेणुकामिदमब्रवीत्
AI Translation: Then, when the sun had risen to the middle of the sky, in the constellation of Mūla, he pierced her with arrows and said this to Reṇukā:
गच्छानय विशालाक्षि शरानेतान्धनुश्च्युतान् यावदेतान्पुनः सुभ्रु क्षिपामीति जनाधिप
AI Translation: Go and bring back the arrows that have been shot from the bow, O large-eyed one. "Until I shoot them again, O you of beautiful eyebrows," said the lord of men.
सा गच्छत्यन्तरा छायां वृक्षमाश्रित्य भामिनी तस्थौ तस्या हि संतप्तं शिरः पादौ तथैव च
AI Translation: She went to the shade of a tree and stood there, her body radiant. Her head and feet were burning.
स्थिता सा तु मुहूर्तं वै भर्तुः शापभयाच्छुभा ययावानयितुं भूयः सायकानसितेक्षणा प्रत्याजगाम च शरांस्तानादाय यशस्विनी
AI Translation: Out of fear of her husband's curse, the auspicious one remained there for a moment. The one with dark eyes went to fetch the arrows again. The glorious one returned, taking those arrows.
सा प्रस्विन्ना सुचार्वङ्गी पद्भ्यां दुःखं नियच्छती उपाजगाम भर्तारं भयाद्भर्तुः प्रवेपती
AI Translation: She, with her beautiful limbs, was trembling, and with her feet she was trying to restrain her pain. She approached her husband, trembling with fear of her husband.
स तामृषिस्ततः क्रुद्धो वाक्यमाह शुभाननाम् रेणुके किं चिरेण त्वमागतेति पुनः पुनः
M. N. Dutt: The Rishis, stricken with anger, repeatedly addressed his fairfaced wife, saying, O Renuka, why have you been so late in returning?
रेणुकोवाच शिरस्तावत्प्रदीप्तं मे पादौ चैव तपोधन सूर्यतेजोनिरुद्धाहं वृक्षच्छायामुपाश्रिता
M. N. Dutt: Renuka said O you, having penances for wealth, my hand and feet were scorched by the rays of the Sun! Oppressed by the heat, I took shelter under the shade of a tree!
एतस्मात्कारणाद्ब्रह्मंश्चिरमेतत्कृतं मया एतज्ज्ञात्वा मम विभो मा क्रुधस्त्वं तपोधन
M. N. Dutt: with me. This . has been the cause of the delay! Informed of the cause, do you, O lord, cease to be angry
जमदग्निरुवाच अद्यैनं दीप्तकिरणं रेणुके तव दुःखदम् शरैर्निपातयिष्यामि सूर्यमस्त्राग्नितेजसा
M. N. Dutt: Jamadagni said O Renuka, this very day shall I destroy, with the fiery energy of my weapons, the star of the day with his burning rays, who has afflicted you thus.
भीष्म उवाच स विस्फार्य धनुर्दिव्यं गृहीत्वा च बहूञ्शरान् अतिष्ठत्सूर्यमभितो यतो याति ततोमुखः
M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said Drawing his celestial bow, and taking up many arrows, Jamadagni stood, turning his face towards the Sun and watching him as he moved on.
अथ तं प्रहरिष्यन्तं सूर्योऽभ्येत्य वचोऽब्रवीत् द्विजरूपेण कौन्तेय किं ते सूर्योऽपराध्यते
M. N. Dutt: Then O son of Kunti, seeing him ready for fight, the Sun approached him in the guise of a Brahmana, and said to him, What has the Sun done to offend you?
आदत्ते रश्मिभिः सूर्यो दिवि विद्वंस्ततस्ततः रसं स तं वै वर्षासु प्रवर्षति दिवाकरः
M. N. Dutt: Passing through the sky, he draws up the moisture from the Earth and in the form of rains he pours it down once more on her.
ततोऽन्नं जायते विप्र मनुष्याणां सुखावहम् अन्नं प्राणा इति यथा वेदेषु परिपठ्यते
M. N. Dutt: It is through this, O twiceborn one, that the food of human beings springs up, food that is so agreeable to them! The Vedas say that it is food that forms the vital airs.
अथाभ्रेषु निगूढश्च रश्मिभिः परिवारितः सप्त द्वीपानिमान्ब्रह्मन्वर्षेणाभिप्रवर्षति
M. N. Dutt: O Brahmana, hidden in the clouds and encompassed by his rays, the Sun drenches the seven insular continents with showers of rain.
ततस्तदौषधीनां च वीरुधां पत्रपुष्पजम् सर्वं वर्षाभिनिर्वृत्तमन्नं संभवति प्रभो
M. N. Dutt: O powerful one, the moisture, thus poured, spreading itself into the leaves and fruits of vegetables and herbs, is changed into food.
जातकर्माणि सर्वाणि व्रतोपनयनानि च गोदानानि विवाहाश्च तथा यज्ञसमृद्धयः
AI Translation: All the rites of birth, the observances and initiations, The giving of cows, marriages, and the prosperity of sacrifices,
सत्राणि दानानि तथा संयोगा वित्तसंचयाः अन्नतः संप्रवर्तन्ते यथा त्वं वेत्थ भार्गव
AI Translation: Sacrifices, gifts, and unions, and the accumulation of wealth, All these arise from food, as you know, Bhārgava.
रमणीयानि यावन्ति यावदारम्भकाणि च सर्वमन्नात्प्रभवति विदितं कीर्तयामि ते
M. N. Dutt: All the good and sweet things in the universe, and all the efforts made by living creatures, originate from food. I duly recite what is well known to you! Indeed, you fully know all that I have said.
सर्वं हि वेत्थ विप्र त्वं यदेतत्कीर्तितं मया प्रसादये त्वा विप्रर्षे किं ते सूर्यो निपात्यते
M. N. Dutt: Do you therefore, O twiceborm Rishi, appease your anger! What will you gain by annihilating the Sun?