Critical Edition
युधिष्ठिर उवाच एवं तदा प्रयाचन्तं भास्करं मुनिसत्तमः जमदग्निर्महातेजाः किं कार्यं प्रत्यपद्यत
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said What did that foremost of ascetics, viz., Jamadagni gifted with great energy, do when thus besought by the Sun?
भीष्म उवाच तथा प्रयाचमानस्य मुनिरग्निसमप्रभः जमदग्निः शमं नैव जगाम कुरुनन्दन
M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said O descendant of Kuru, inspite of all the prayers of the Sun, the sage Jamadagni, effulgent like fire, continued to cherish his anger.
ततः सूर्यो मधुरया वाचा तमिदमब्रवीत् कृताञ्जलिर्विप्ररूपी प्रणम्येदं विशां पते
AI Translation: Then the Sun spoke to him in a sweet voice: "With folded hands, in the form of a brahmin, bowing down, he said this, O Lord of the people:"
चलं निमित्तं विप्रर्षे सदा सूर्यस्य गच्छतः कथं चलं वेत्स्यसि त्वं सदा यान्तं दिवाकरम्
AI Translation: O Brahmanical sage, the sun is always moving. How will you know the moving sun always moving?
जमदग्निरुवाच स्थिरं वापि चलं वापि जाने त्वां ज्ञानचक्षुषा अवश्यं विनयाधानं कार्यमद्य मया तव
M. N. Dutt: Jamadagni said With the eye of knowledge I know you to be both moving and motionless! I shall surely read you a lesson this day.
अपराह्णे निमेषार्धं तिष्ठसि त्वं दिवाकर तत्र वेत्स्यामि सूर्य त्वां न मेऽत्रास्ति विचारणा
M. N. Dutt: At midday you appear to stay in the firmament for a moment. It is then, O Sun, that I shall pierce you with my arrows! There is no swerving from this resolution of mine.
सूर्य उवाच असंशयं मां विप्रर्षे वेत्स्यसे धन्विनां वर अपकारिणं तु मां विद्धि भगवञ्शरणागतम्
M. N. Dutt: Surya said O twiceborn Rishi, forsooth, you know me, O best of archers! But, O holy one, though I have offended, see I pray for your protection.
भीष्म उवाच ततः प्रहस्य भगवाञ्जमदग्निरुवाच तम् न भीः सूर्य त्वया कार्या प्रणिपातगतो ह्यसि
M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said At this, the worshipful Jamadagni smilingly addressed the Sun, saying, O Sun, when you have sought my protection, you have nothing to fear.
ब्राह्मणेष्वार्जवं यच्च स्थैर्यं च धरणीतले सौम्यतां चैव सोमस्य गाम्भीर्यं वरुणस्य च
AI Translation: The straightforwardness of the Brahmins, the stability of the earth, The gentleness of the moon, the profundity of Varuna,
दीप्तिमग्नेः प्रभां मेरोः प्रतापं तपनस्य च एतान्यतिक्रमेद्यो वै स हन्याच्छरणागतम्
AI Translation: The radiance of Agni, the splendor of Meru, the power of the sun - He who surpasses these would kill one who has sought refuge.
भवेत्स गुरुतल्पी च ब्रह्महा च तथा भवेत् सुरापानं च कुर्यात्स यो हन्याच्छरणागतम्
M. N. Dutt: The man who can kill a suppliant is capable of violating the bed of his preceptor, of killing ! a Brahmana and of drinking alcohol.
एतस्य त्वपनीतस्य समाधिं तात चिन्तय यथा सुखगमः पन्था भवेत्त्वद्रश्मितापितः
M. N. Dutt: Do you, therefore, think of some remedy for this evil, by which people may be relieved when heated by your rays.
भीष्म उवाच एतावदुक्त्वा स तदा तूष्णीमासीद्भृगूद्वहः अथ सूर्यो ददौ तस्मै छत्रोपानहमाशु वै
M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said So saying, that exceilent descendant of Bhrigu remained silent for some time, and the Sun immediately gave him an umbrella and a pair of sandals,
सूर्य उवाच महर्षे शिरसस्त्राणं छत्रं मद्रश्मिवारणम् प्रतिगृह्णीष्व पद्भ्यां च त्राणार्थं चर्मपादुके
M. N. Dutt: Surya said Do you, O great Rishi, take this umbrella with which the head may be protected and my rays warded off. This pair of sandals is made of leather for the protection of the feet.
अद्यप्रभृति चैवैतल्लोके संप्रचरिष्यति पुण्यदानेषु सर्वेषु परमक्षय्यमेव च
M. N. Dutt: From this day the gift of these articles in all religious rites shall be established as a custom.
भीष्म उवाच उपानच्छत्रमेतद्वै सूर्येणेह प्रवर्तितम् पुण्यमेतदभिख्यातं त्रिषु लोकेषु भारत
M. N. Dutt: Bhishma said This custom of giving umbrella and shoes was introduced by the Sun. O descendant of Bharata, these gifts are regarded meritorious in the three worlds.
तस्मात्प्रयच्छ विप्रेभ्यश्छत्रोपानहमुत्तमम् धर्मस्ते सुमहान्भावी न मेऽत्रास्ति विचारणा
M. N. Dutt: Do you, therefore, give away umbrellas and shoes to Brahmanas. I have no doubt that you will then acquire great religious merit by the deed.
छत्रं हि भरतश्रेष्ठ यः प्रदद्याद्द्विजातये शुभ्रं शतशलाकं वै स प्रेत्य सुखमेधते
AI Translation: O best of the Bharatas! He who gives an umbrella to a Brahmin, a white one with a hundred ribs, attains happiness after death.
स शक्रलोके वसति पूज्यमानो द्विजातिभिः अप्सरोभिश्च सततं देवैश्च भरतर्षभ
AI Translation: He dwells in the world of Indra, worshipped by the twice-born, And always by the celestial nymphs and gods, O bull of the Bharatas.
दह्यमानाय विप्राय यः प्रयच्छत्युपानहौ स्नातकाय महाबाहो संशिताय द्विजातये
AI Translation: O mighty one, he who gives sandals to a brahmin who is burning, to a brahmin who is a snataka, to a brahmin who is restrained,
Supplementary Passages:
13.98.20 For 20ab, S subst.: *442 उपानहौ च यो दद्याच्श्लक्ष्णौ स्नेहसमन्वितौ
सोऽपि लोकानवाप्नोति दैवतैरभिपूजितान् गोलोके स मुदा युक्तो वसति प्रेत्य भारत
AI Translation: He attains the worlds honored by the gods. O descendant of Bharata, he dwells happily in Goloka after death.
एतत्ते भरतश्रेष्ठ मया कार्त्स्न्येन कीर्तितम् छत्रोपानहदानस्य फलं भरतसत्तम
M. N. Dutt: O foremost one of Bharata's race. I have thus recited to you, in full the merits of giving away shoes and umbrellas at religious ceremonies.
Supplementary Passages:
13.98.22 After 22, D2 ins.: *443 मया भारतशार्दूल किं भूयः श्रोतुमिच्छसि