Critical Edition
ब्रह्मोवाच रजोऽहं वः प्रवक्ष्यामि याथातथ्येन सत्तमाः निबोधत महाभागा गुणवृत्तं च सर्वशः
M. N. Dutt: You best of beings, I shall now declare to you accurately what (the quality of) Darkness is. You highly blessed ones, do you understand what those qualities are that belong to Darkness.
संघातो रूपमायासः सुखदुःखे हिमातपौ ऐश्वर्यं विग्रहः संधिर्हेतुवादोऽरतिः क्षमा
AI Translation: The aggregate is form, delusion is pleasure and pain, cold and heat, Sovereignty is dispute, reconciliation, argument, dispassion, forgiveness,
बलं शौर्यं मदो रोषो व्यायामकलहावपि ईर्ष्येप्सा पैशुनं युद्धं ममत्वं परिपालनम्
AI Translation: Strength, courage, pride, anger, exertion, quarrels, Jealousy, desire, slander, fighting, possessiveness, protection,
वधबन्धपरिक्लेशाः क्रयो विक्रय एव च निकृन्त छिन्धि भिन्धीति परमर्मावकर्तनम्
AI Translation: Killing, binding, and tormenting, buying and selling, Cutting, cutting off, and breaking, piercing the vital points,
उग्रं दारुणमाक्रोशः परवित्तानुशासनम् लोकचिन्ता विचिन्ता च मत्सरः परिभाषणम्
AI Translation: Harsh, terrible, loud, and the ordering of others' wealth, Concern for the world, worry, jealousy, and reproach,
मृषावादो मृषादानं विकल्पः परिभाषणम् निन्दा स्तुतिः प्रशंसा च प्रतापः परितर्पणम्
AI Translation: Lying, taking what is not given, option, reproach, blame, praise, commendation, radiance, satisfaction,
परिचर्या च शुश्रूषा सेवा तृष्णा व्यपाश्रयः व्यूहोऽनयः प्रमादश्च परितापः परिग्रहः
AI Translation: Service, obedience, attendance, desire, dependence, array, deception, carelessness, distress, possession,
संस्कारा ये च लोकेऽस्मिन्प्रवर्तन्ते पृथक्पृथक् नृषु नारीषु भूतेषु द्रव्येषु शरणेषु च
AI Translation: All the various activities that take place in this world, among men, women, beings, substances, and refuges,
संतापोऽप्रत्ययश्चैव व्रतानि नियमाश्च ये प्रदानमाशीर्युक्तं च सततं मे भवत्विति
AI Translation: May there be distress, uncertainty, vows, restraints, and gifts accompanied by blessings, always for me.
Supplementary Passages:
14.37.9 For 9cd, K5 B D (except D1) subst.: *75 आशीर्युक्तानि कर्माणि पौर्तानि विविधानि च
स्वधाकारो नमस्कारः स्वाहाकारो वषट्क्रिया याजनाध्यापने चोभे तथैवाहुः परिग्रहम्
AI Translation: The syllable svadhā is the salutation, the syllable svāhā is the act of vashat. Both of them are said to be the act of sacrificing and teaching, and also the act of accepting.
Supplementary Passages:
14.37.10 After 10, B Dc1 Dn1 D2-6 T2 ins.: *76 दानं प्रतिग्रहश्चैव प्रायश्चित्तानि मङ्गलम्
इदं मे स्यादिदं मे स्यात्स्नेहो गुणसमुद्भवः अभिद्रोहस्तथा माया निकृतिर्मान एव च
AI Translation: This is mine, this is mine, affection arising from qualities, and likewise hostility, deceit, guile, and pride.
स्तैन्यं हिंसा परीवादः परितापः प्रजागरः स्तम्भो दम्भोऽथ रागश्च भक्तिः प्रीतिः प्रमोदनम्
AI Translation: Theft, violence, slander, torment, wakefulness, Stiffness, hypocrisy, passion, devotion, affection, joy,
द्यूतं च जनवादश्च संबन्धाः स्त्रीकृताश्च ये नृत्तवादित्रगीतानि प्रसङ्गा ये च केचन सर्व एते गुणा विप्रा राजसाः संप्रकीर्तिताः
AI Translation: Gambling, gossip, and all the bonds created by women, Dancing, music, singing, and all the incidental things, All these qualities, O Brahmins, are said to be of the Rajas nature.
भूतभव्यभविष्याणां भावानां भुवि भावनाः त्रिवर्गनिरता नित्यं धर्मोऽर्थः काम इत्यपि
AI Translation: The thoughts of the past, present and future beings on earth, Always engaged in the three goals of life, namely, Dharma, Artha and Kama.
कामवृत्ताः प्रमोदन्ते सर्वकामसमृद्धिभिः अर्वाक्स्रोतस इत्येते तैजसा रजसावृताः
AI Translation: They are engaged in sensual pleasures and rejoice in the abundance of all sensual pleasures. These are the ones who flow downward, enveloped in passion and darkness.
अस्मिँल्लोके प्रमोदन्ते जायमानाः पुनः पुनः प्रेत्यभाविकमीहन्त इह लौकिकमेव च ददति प्रतिगृह्णन्ति जपन्त्यथ च जुह्वति
M. N. Dutt: Repeatedly reborn in this world, they addict theinselves to pleasure. They covet what belongs to this world as also all those fruits of the world to come. They make gifts, accept gifts, offer oblations to the departed manes, and pour libations on the sacrificial fire.
Supplementary Passages:
14.37.16 For 16cd, K5 subst.: *77 प्रेत्यभावकरीं सिद्धिमीहन्ते राजसा जनाः
रजोगुणा वो बहुधानुकीर्तिता; यथावदुक्तं गुणवृत्तमेव च नरो हि यो वेद गुणानिमान्सदा; स राजसैः सर्वगुणैर्विमुच्यते
M. N. Dutt: The qualities of Darkness have (thus) been declared to you in their manifold aspects. The course of conduct also to which it leads has been properly described to you. The man who always understands these qualities, succeeds in always liberating himself from all of them which belong to Darkness.