Critical Edition
भीम उवाच भवन्ति देशे बन्धक्यः कितवानां युधिष्ठिर न ताभिरुत दीव्यन्ति दया चैवास्ति तास्वपि
M. N. Dutt: Bhima said O Yudhisthira, the gamblers have in their house many loose women. They do not play staking even those women. They have kindness even towards them.
काश्यो यद्बलिमाहार्षीद्द्रव्यं यच्चान्यदुत्तमम् तथान्ये पृथिवीपाला यानि रत्नान्युपाहरन्
AI Translation: Whatever wealth Kaśyapa obtained, and whatever other excellent things, and whatever other jewels the kings of the earth offered,
वाहनानि धनं चैव कवचान्यायुधानि च राज्यमात्मा वयं चैव कैतवेन हृतं परैः
AI Translation: Vehicles, wealth, armor, and weapons, The kingdom, the self, and us have been taken away by the enemy through deceit.
न च मे तत्र कोपोऽभूत्सर्वस्येशो हि नो भवान् इदं त्वतिकृतं मन्ये द्रौपदी यत्र पण्यते
M. N. Dutt: Even at all this, my anger was not excited, for you are our lord. But I consider it a highly improper act, this your staking Draupadi.
एषा ह्यनर्हती बाला पाण्डवान्प्राप्य कौरवैः त्वत्कृते क्लिश्यते क्षुद्रैर्नृशंसैर्निकृतिप्रियैः
M. N. Dutt: Having obtained the Pandavas as her husband, this innocent girl does not deserve this (treatment). It is only for you that she is persecuted by these low, despicable, cruel and mean-minded Kurus.
अस्याः कृते मन्युरयं त्वयि राजन्निपात्यते बाहू ते संप्रधक्ष्यामि सहदेवाग्निमानय
M. N. Dutt: O king, it is for her sake that my anger falls on you. I shall burn your hands. Sahadeva, bring some fire?
अर्जुन उवाच न पुरा भीमसेन त्वमीदृशीर्वदिता गिरः परैस्ते नाशितं नूनं नृशंसैर्धर्मगौरवम्
M. N. Dutt: Arjuna said O Bhimasena, you have never before uttered such swords as these. Your high morality has certainly been destroyed by these cruel foes.
न सकामाः परे कार्या धर्ममेवाचरोत्तमम् भ्रातरं धार्मिकं ज्येष्ठं नातिक्रमितुमर्हति
M. N. Dutt: You should not fulfill the wishes of the enemy. Practise the highest morality. Should any body transgress his virtuous elders brother?
आहूतो हि परै राजा क्षात्रधर्ममनुस्मरन् दीव्यते परकामेन तन्नः कीर्तिकरं महत्
M. N. Dutt: Having been summoned by the Kurus and having remembered the Kshatriyas Dharma (usage), the king played at dice against his will. This is certainly conductive to one's great fame.
भीमसेन उवाच एवमस्मिकृतं विद्यां यद्यस्याहं धनंजय दीप्तेऽग्नौ सहितौ बाहू निर्दहेयं बलादिव
M. N. Dutt: Bhima said O Dhananjaya, if I had not know what the king did, he did according to the Kshatriyas usage, I would have long ago snatched his arms by force and brunt them in a blazing fire.
वैशंपायन उवाच तथा तान्दुःखितान्दृष्ट्वा पाण्डवान्धृतराष्ट्रजः क्लिश्यमानां च पाञ्चालीं विकर्ण इदमब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said Seeing the Pandavas thus distressed and the Panchala princess thus afflicted, the son of Dhritarashtra, Vikarna, thus spoke.
याज्ञसेन्या यदुक्तं तद्वाक्यं विब्रूत पार्थिवाः अविवेकेन वाक्यस्य नरकः सद्य एव नः
M. N. Dutt: Vikarna said O kings, answer the question that has been asked by Yajnaseni (Draupadi). If we do not decide a matter referred to us, we shall certainly have to go to hell without delay.
भीष्मश्च धृतराष्ट्रश्च कुरुवृद्धतमावुभौ समेत्य नाहतुः किंचिद्विदुरश्च महामतिः
M. N. Dutt: Bhisma and Dhritarashtra, the two eldest of the Kurus, and the high-souled Vidura, uniting together, do not say any thing.
भारद्वाजोऽपि सर्वेषामाचार्यः कृप एव च अत एतावपि प्रश्नं नाहतुर्द्विजसत्तमौ
M. N. Dutt: The son of Bharadvaja (Drona), the preceptor of all of us and also Kripa, why these best of Brahmanas do not answer her question?
ये त्वन्ये पृथिवीपालाः समेताः सर्वतो दिशः कामक्रोधौ समुत्सृज्य ते ब्रुवन्तु यथामति
M. N. Dutt: Let the kings that have assembled here from all directions, leaving aside all motives of anger and desire, speak our according to their judgement.
यदिदं द्रौपदी वाक्यमुक्तवत्यसकृच्छुभा विमृश्य कस्य कः पक्षः पार्थिवा वदतोत्तरम्
M. N. Dutt: O kings, answer the question asked by Draupadi and say after due reflection on which side each of you is.
एवं स बहुशः सर्वानुक्तवांस्तान्सभासदः न च ते पृथिवीपालास्तमूचुः साध्वसाधु वा
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said Thus did he (Vikarna) repeatedly appeal to those that were present in the assembly to answer Draupadi's question. But the kings present did not say a word good or ill.
उक्त्वा तथासकृत्सर्वान्विकर्णः पृथिवीपतीन् पाणिं पाणौ विनिष्पिष्य निःश्वसन्निदमब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: Repeatedly appealing to the kings, rubbing his palms and sighing like a snake, Vikarna thus (again) spoke.
विब्रूत पृथिवीपाला वाक्यं मा वा कथंचन मन्ये न्याय्यं यदत्राहं तद्धि वक्ष्यामि कौरवाः
M. N. Dutt: Vikarna said O kings, O Kurus, whether you answer this question or not, I shall say what I consider just and proper.
चत्वार्याहुर्नरश्रेष्ठा व्यसनानि महीक्षिताम् मृगयां पानमक्षांश्च ग्राम्ये चैवातिसक्तताम्
M. N. Dutt: O best of men, it has been said that hunting, drinking, gambling, and enjoying women are the four vices of the kings.
एतेषु हि नरः सक्तो धर्ममुत्सृज्य वर्तते तथायुक्तेन च कृतां क्रियां लोको न मन्यते
M. N. Dutt: The man who is addicted to those vices lives by forsaking virtue. People do not consider the acts done by a person who is thus improperly engaged as of any authority.
तदयं पाण्डुपुत्रेण व्यसने वर्तता भृशम् समाहूतेन कितवैरास्थितो द्रौपदीपणः
M. N. Dutt: This son of Pandu (Yudhisthira), white madly engaged in one of these vicious acts (namely gambling) and urged thereto by dec sitful gamblers, staked Draupadi.
साधारणी च सर्वेषां पाण्डवानामनिन्दिता जितेन पूर्वं चानेन पाण्डवेन कृतः पणः
M. N. Dutt: The faultness Draupadi is the common wife of all the sons of Pandu. Having first lost himself, the Pandava (Yudhisthira) offered her as a stake.
इयं च कीर्तिता कृष्णा सौबलेन पणार्थिना एतत्सर्वं विचार्याहं मन्ये न विजितामिमाम्
M. N. Dutt: The son of Subala (Shakuni), himself being desirous of a stake, prevailed upon the king to stake Krishna (Draupadi). Considering all these circumstances, I consider Draupadi as not won.
एतच्छ्रुत्वा महान्नादः सभ्यानामुदतिष्ठत विकर्णं शंसमानानां सौबलं च विनिन्दताम्
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said Hearing these words, a loud uproar rose from those present in the assembly. They all applauded Vikarna and censured the son of Subala (Shakuni).
तस्मिन्नुपरते शब्दे राधेयः क्रोधमूर्छितः प्रगृह्य रुचिरं बाहुमिदं वचनमब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: The son of Radha (Karna) became out of sense from anger. Waving his well sapped arms he spoke thus.
दृश्यन्ते वै विकर्णे हि वैकृतानि बहून्यपि तज्जस्तस्य विनाशाय यथाग्निररणिप्रजः
M. N. Dutt: Karna said O Vikarna, I observed many opposite and inconsistent conditions in this assembly. As the fire, produced from a faggot, itself, so you will be consumed by you this anger.
Supplementary Passages:
2.61.27 After 27, S ins. (Cv glosses): *541 व्याधिर्बलं नाशयते शरीरस्थोऽपि संभृतः तृणानि पशवो घ्नन्ति स्वपक्षं चैव कौरवः द्रोणो भीष्मः कृपो द्रौणिर्विदुरश्च महामतिः धृतराष्ट्रश्च गान्धारी भवतः प्राज्ञवत्तराः
एते न किंचिदप्याहुश्चोद्यमानापि कृष्णया धर्मेण विजितां मन्ये मन्यन्ते द्रुपदात्मजाम्
M. N. Dutt: These (great) personages (present) here, through (repeatedly) urged by Krishna (Draupadi), have not uttered a single word. They all consider that the daughter of Drupada has been righteously won.
त्वं तु केवलबाल्येन धार्तराष्ट्र विदीर्यसे यद्ब्रवीषि सभामध्ये बालः स्थविरभाषितम्
M. N. Dutt: O son of Dhritarashtra, you alone for your boyish age are bursting into rage. Though you are but a boy, you speak as if you are an old man.
न च धर्मं यथातत्त्वं वेत्सि दुर्योधनावर यद्ब्रवीषि जितां कृष्णामजितेति सुमन्दधीः
M. N. Dutt: O younger brother of Duryodhana, you know not what really the rules of morality are. You say like a fool that this Krishna (Draupadi), who has been won, as not won (at all).
कथं ह्यविजितां कृष्णां मन्यसे धृतराष्ट्रज यदा सभायां सर्वस्वं न्यस्तवान्पाण्डवाग्रजः
M. N. Dutt: o son of Dhritarashtra, how do you consider that Krishna (Draupadi) is not won, when the eldest of the Pandavas have staked all his possessions in this assembly?
अभ्यन्तरा च सर्वस्वे द्रौपदी भरतर्षभ एवं धर्मजितां कृष्णां मन्यसे न जितां कथम्
M. N. Dutt: O best of the Bharata race, Draupadi is (surely) included in his possessions. Why do you consider that Krishna (Draupadi) who has been righteously won as not won?
कीर्तिता द्रौपदी वाचा अनुज्ञाता च पाण्डवैः भवत्यविजिता केन हेतुनैषा मता तव
M. N. Dutt: Draupadi was mentioned (by Shakuni) in conversation, and she was approved of as a stake by the Pandava, why is it (then) your opinion that she is not won?
मन्यसे वा सभामेतामानीतामेकवाससम् अधर्मेणेति तत्रापि शृणु मे वाक्यमुत्तरम्
M. N. Dutt: If you consider it wrong to bring her in the Sabha attired in only one piece of cloth, listen to the excellent words I say.
एको भर्ता स्त्रिया देवैर्विहितः कुरुनन्दन इयं त्वनेकवशगा बन्धकीति विनिश्चिता
M. N. Dutt: O descendant of Kuru, it has been ordained by the gods that a woman should have only one husband; she (Draupadi) has (however) many husbands; therefore it is certain that she is an unchaste woman.
अस्याः सभामानयनं न चित्रमिति मे मतिः एकाम्बरधरत्वं वाप्यथ वापि विवस्त्रता
M. N. Dutt: In my opinion there is nothing surprising if she is brought before the assembly in one cloth or if she be made naked.
यच्चैषां द्रविणं किंचिद्या चैषा ये च पाण्डवाः सौबलेनेह तत्सर्वं धर्मेण विजितं वसु
M. N. Dutt: Whatever wealth the Pandavas had, including her and also the Pandavas themselves, have been righteously won by the son of Subala (Shakuni).
दुःशासन सुबालोऽयं विकर्णः प्राज्ञवादिकः पाण्डवानां च वासांसि द्रौपद्याश्चाप्युपाहर
M. N. Dutt: O Dushasana, this Vikarna, speaking words of wisdom, is but a boy. Take off the robes of the Pandavas and also that of Draupadi.
तच्छ्रुत्वा पाण्डवाः सर्वे स्वानि वासांसि भारत अवकीर्योत्तरीयाणि सभायां समुपाविशन्
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said O descendant of Bharata, having heard this, the Pandavas took off their upper garments, and throwing them down, they sat (silently) in the Sabha.
ततो दुःशासनो राजन्द्रौपद्या वसनं बलात् सभामध्ये समाक्षिप्य व्यपक्रष्टुं प्रचक्रमे
M. N. Dutt: O king, thereupon Dushasana, in the sight of all (present) in the assembly, began to drag forcibly the cloth of Draupadi.
Supplementary Passages:
2.61.40 After 40, B1 D2 ins. a colophon; while K1 (marg. sec. m.) ins.: *542 वैशंपायन उवाच गोविन्द द्वारकावास कृष्ण गोपीजनप्रिय कुरुभिः परिभूतां मां किं न जानासि केशव महिषीं पाण्डुपुत्राणामाजमीढकुले वधूम् साहं केशग्रहं प्राप्ता त्वयि जीवति केशव On the other hand, Dn D1 (marg.).4.5 (marg. sec. m. from cintito in line 1) ins. (Cn glosses) after 40: *543 वैशंपायन उवाच आकृष्यमाणे वसने द्रौपद्या चिन्तितो हरिः गोविन्द द्वारकावासिन्कृष्ण गोपीजनप्रिय कौरवैः परिभूतां मां किं न जानासि केशव हे नाथ हे रमानाथ व्रजनाथार्तिनाशन कौरवार्णवमग्नां मामुद्धरस्व जनार्दन कृष्ण कृष्ण महायोगिन्विश्वात्मन्विश्वभावन प्रपन्नां पाहि गोविन्द कुरुमध्येऽवसीदतीम् इत्यनुस्मृत्य कृष्णं सा हरिं त्रिभुवनेश्वरम् प्रारुदद्दुःखिता राजन्मुखमाच्छाद्य भामिनी याज्ञसेन्या वचः श्रुत्वा कृष्णो गह्वरितोऽभवत् त्यक्त्वा शय्यासनं पद्भ्यां कृपालुः कृपयाभ्यगात् Dn D1.4.5 (marg. sec. m. line 1) cont. (Cn glosses): K1 (marg. sec. m.) ins. after 542*: K2-4 V1 B2-6 D3.6 ins. after 40: B1 D2 ins. after the addl. colophon: G5 ins. after 550*: *544 कृष्णं च विष्णुं च हरिं नरं च त्राणाय विक्रोशति याज्ञसेनी ततस्तु धर्मोऽन्तरितो महात्मा समावृणोत्तां विविधवस्त्रपूगः Similarly, after 40, G2 ins.: *545 सा तत्काले तु गोविन्दे विनिवेशितमानसा त्राहि मां कृष्ण कृष्णेति दुःखादेतदुदाहृतम् Here G2 reads lines 3-4 of 547*, and then cont.: *546 त्वया सिंहेन नाथेन रक्षमाणामनाथवत् चकर्ष वसनं पापः कुरूणां संनिधौ मम Similarly, S (except G1 M2) ins. after 40 (G2 after 546*, except that lines 3-4 are transp. before 546*): *547 अपकृष्यमाणे वसने विललाप सुदुःखिता गोविन्देति समाभाष्य कृष्णेति च पुनः पुनः शङ्खचक्रगदापाणे द्वारकानिलयाच्युत गोविन्द पुण्डरीकाक्ष रक्ष मां शरणागताम् After line 1, T1 G5 ins.: *548 ज्ञातं मया वसिष्ठेन पुरा गीतं महात्मना महत्यापदि संप्राप्ते स्मर्तव्यो भगवान्हरिः After line 2 of 547*, T1 ins.: *549 मनसा चिन्तयामास देवं नारायणं प्रभुम् आपत्स्वभयदं कृष्णं लोकानां प्रपितामहम् द्रौपदी T1 G4.5 cont. after 547*: *550 हा कृष्ण द्वारकावासिन्क्वासि यादवनन्दन इमामवस्थां संप्राप्तामनाथां किमुपेक्षसे
आकृष्यमाणे वसने द्रौपद्यास्तु विशां पते तद्रूपमपरं वस्त्रं प्रादुरासीदनेकशः
M. N. Dutt: O king, as the cloth of Draupadi was being dragged, after one was taken off, another of the same kind appeared and covered her.
Supplementary Passages:
2.61.41 After this, G3.4 M1 cont.: T1 G5 (which om. 41ab) ins. after 550*: *551 तस्य प्रसादाद्द्रौपद्याः कृष्यमाणेऽम्बरे तथा After 41, K1 (marg. sec. m.).3 ins.: *552 अष्टोत्तरशतं यावद्वसनं प्रचकर्ष ह On the other hand, K2.4 V1 B D T1 G5 ins. (Cn glosses) after 41: *553 नानारागविरागाणि वसनान्यथ वै प्रभो प्रादुर्भवन्ति शतशो धर्मस्य परिपालनात्
ततो हलहलाशब्दस्तत्रासीद्घोरनिस्वनः तदद्भुततमं लोके वीक्ष्य सर्वमहीक्षिताम्
AI Translation: Then there was a loud noise there, with a terrible sound. Seeing that most wonderful thing in the world, all the kings,
Supplementary Passages:
2.61.42 K2 V1 B D ins. after 42: K4 (which om. 42) ins. after 553*: *554 शशंसुर्द्रौपदीं तत्र कुत्सन्तो धृतराष्ट्रजम् On the other hand, S ins.: after 42: *555 धिग्धिगित्यशिवां वाचमुत्सृजन्कौरवं प्रति
शशाप तत्र भीमस्तु राजमध्ये महास्वनः क्रोधाद्विस्फुरमाणोष्ठो विनिष्पिष्य करे करम्
M. N. Dutt: Thereupon Bhima, squeezing his palms, and his lips quivering in anger, took a terrible oath in a loud voice in the midst of the kings.
इदं मे वाक्यमादद्ध्वं क्षत्रिया लोकवासिनः नोक्तपूर्वं नरैरन्यैर्न चान्यो यद्वदिष्यति
M. N. Dutt: Bhima said O Kshatriyas, O men of the world, listen to my these words, words never before uttered by any man or will be (ever) uttered by any man in future.
यद्येतदेवमुक्त्वा तु न कुर्यां पृथिवीश्वराः पितामहानां सर्वेषां नाहं गतिमवाप्नुयाम्
AI Translation: If I were to say this and not do it, O lords of the earth, I would not attain the state of all the grandfathers.
अस्य पापस्य दुर्जातेर्भारतापसदस्य च न पिबेयं बलाद्वक्षो भित्त्वा चेद्रुधिरं युधि
AI Translation: "If I do not drink the blood of this evil-born one, this sinner, this member of the Bharata ascetics, by tearing open his chest in battle,
तस्य ते वचनं श्रुत्वा सर्वलोकप्रहर्षणम् प्रचक्रुर्बहुलां पूजां कुत्सन्तो धृतराष्ट्रजम्
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said Hearing his these terrible and hair stirring words, every one present there applauded him and censured the son of Dhritarashtra.
यदा तु वाससां राशिः सभामध्ये समाचितः ततो दुःशासनः श्रान्तो व्रीडितः समुपाविशत्
M. N. Dutt: When a mass of cloths were heaped in the assembly, Dushasana, becoming fatigued and ashamed, sat down.
धिक्शब्दस्तु ततस्तत्र समभूल्लोमहर्षणः सभ्यानां नरदेवानां दृष्ट्वा कुन्तीसुतांस्तदा
M. N. Dutt: Seeing the sons of Kunti in that state, all those gods among men who were present there cried hair stirring words of "Fie!” “Fie!” (on the son of Dhritarashtra).
न विब्रुवन्ति कौरव्याः प्रश्नमेतमिति स्म ह स जनः क्रोशति स्मात्र धृतराष्ट्रं विगर्हयन्
M. N. Dutt: All the good men who were present there exclaimed, “Alas, the Kurus do not answer the question asked to them." They all censured Dhritarashtra.
ततो बाहू समुच्छ्रित्य निवार्य च सभासदः विदुरः सर्वधर्मज्ञ इदं वचनमब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: Thereupon Vidura, learned in all the precepts of religion, waving his hands and silencing every one in the assembly, spoke these words.
विदुर उवाच द्रौपदी प्रश्नमुक्त्वैवं रोरवीति ह्यनाथवत् न च विब्रूत तं प्रश्नं सभ्या धर्मोऽत्र पीड्यते
M. N. Dutt: Vidura said O men present in the assembly Draupadi, having put her question, is piteously weeping. You do not answer her question. Dharma is here persecuted.
सभां प्रपद्यते ह्यार्तः प्रज्वलन्निव हव्यवाट् तं वै सत्येन धर्मेण सभ्याः प्रशमयन्त्युत
M. N. Dutt: A person in distress comes to an assembly of good men like a man in a blazing fire. Those that are in the assembly extinguish that fire and cool him by means of truth and morality.
धर्मप्रश्नमथो ब्रूयादार्तः सभ्येषु मानवः विब्रूयुस्तत्र ते प्रश्नं कामक्रोधवशातिगाः
M. N. Dutt: The person in distress asks the assembly about his rights as sanctioned by morality. Those that are in the assembly should answer his question without being unmoved by anger of desire.
विकर्णेन यथाप्रज्ञमुक्तः प्रश्नो नराधिपाः भवन्तोऽपि हि तं प्रश्नं विब्रुवन्तु यथामति
M. N. Dutt: O kings, Vikarna has answered the question according to his knowledge and judgement. You should also answer it as you think proper.
यो हि प्रश्नं न विब्रूयाद्धर्मदर्शी सभां गतः अनृते या फलावाप्तिस्तस्याः सोऽर्धं समश्नुते
M. N. Dutt: The man who knows the rules of morality and sits in an assembly, incurs half the demerit that attaches to a lie, if he does not answer a question put to him.
यः पुनर्वितथं ब्रूयाद्धर्मदर्शी सभां गतः अनृतस्य फलं कृत्स्नं संप्राप्नोतीति निश्चयः
M. N. Dutt: The man who knows the rules of morality and sits in an assembly, certainly incurs the sin of lie, if he answers falsely a question put to him.
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् प्रह्लादस्य च संवादं मुनेराङ्गिरसस्य च
M. N. Dutt: The learned men quote as an example in connection with this matter the old history of Prahlada and the son of Angirasa.
प्रह्लादो नाम दैत्येन्द्रस्तस्य पुत्रो विरोचनः कन्याहेतोराङ्गिरसं सुधन्वानमुपाद्रवत्
M. N. Dutt: There was a chief of the Daityas named Prahlada, whose son was Virochana. He (Virochana) quarrelled with Sudhanva, the son of Angirasa, for the sake of a bride.
अहं ज्यायानहं ज्यायानिति कन्येप्सया तदा तयोर्देवनमत्रासीत्प्राणयोरिति नः श्रुतम्
M. N. Dutt: We have heard that they wagered even their own lives saying “I am superior,” “I am superior,” for the sake of obtaining a bride,
तयोः प्रश्नविवादोऽभूत्प्रह्लादं तावपृच्छताम् ज्यायान्क आवयोरेकः प्रश्नं प्रब्रूहि मा मृषा
M. N. Dutt: When they thus quarrelled with each other, they hoth asked Prahlada, saying "Who amongst us is superior? Answer this question, don't speak falsely,"
स वै विवदनाद्भीतः सुधन्वानं व्यलोकयत् तं सुधन्वाब्रवीत्क्रुद्धो ब्रह्मदण्ड इव ज्वलन्
M. N. Dutt: He (Prahlada), being alarmed at their quarrel, looked at Sudhanva. (Thereupon) Sudhanva thus spoke to him burning in rage as the Brahmadanda (club of Brahma).
यदि वै वक्ष्यसि मृषा प्रह्लादाथ न वक्ष्यसि शतधा ते शिरो वज्री वज्रेण प्रहरिष्यति
M. N. Dutt: O Prahlada, if you answer falsely, or do not answer at all, your head will then be spilt into a hundred pieces by the wielder of thunder (Indra) with his thunder.
सुधन्वना तथोक्तः सन्व्यथितोऽश्वत्थपर्णवत् जगाम कश्यपं दैत्यः परिप्रष्टुं महौजसम्
M. N. Dutt: When Sudhanva thus spoke, the Daitya (Prahlada) trembling like a leaf of the fig tree went to the greatly effulgent Kashyapa, to consult with him.
प्रह्लाद उवाच त्वं वै धर्मस्य विज्ञाता दैवस्येहासुरस्य च ब्राह्मणस्य महाप्राज्ञ धर्मकृच्छ्रमिदं शृणु
M. N. Dutt: Prahlada said O exalted one, you are learned in the precepts of morality which should guide the celestial, the Asuras and the Brahmanas. Here is a great dilemma in respect of a duty. Hear it.
यो वै प्रश्नं न विब्रूयाद्वितथं वापि निर्दिशेत् के वै तस्य परे लोकास्तन्ममाचक्ष्व पृच्छतः
M. N. Dutt: Tell me, I ask you, what regions are obtained by men who, being asked a question, does not give answer to it or answer it falsely.
कश्यप उवाच जानन्न विब्रुवन्प्रश्नं कामात्क्रोधात्तथा भयात् सहस्रं वारुणान्पाशानात्मनि प्रतिमुञ्चति
M. N. Dutt: Kashyapa said He, who knows but answers not a question from temptation, anger or fear, brings upon himself one thousand Pashas a sort of weapons) of Varuna upon his person.
Supplementary Passages:
2.61.67 After 67, K3.4 (parenthetically) Ñ1 V1 B1.3-6 D S ins. (all comm. gloss): *556 साक्षी वा विब्रुवन्साक्ष्यं गोकर्णशिथिलश्चरन् Ñ1 V1 B4-6 Dn D3-5 S cont. (with a repetition of 67cd): *557 सहस्रं वारुणान्पाशानात्मनि प्रतिमुञ्चति
तस्य संवत्सरे पूर्णे पाश एकः प्रमुच्यते तस्मात्सत्यं तु वक्तव्यं जानता सत्यमञ्जसा
M. N. Dutt: On the completion of one full year, one such Pasha is loosened (from his body). Therefore, he, who knows, should speak the truth without concealment.
विद्धो धर्मो ह्यधर्मेण सभां यत्र प्रपद्यते न चास्य शल्यं कृन्तन्ति विद्धास्तत्र सभासदः
M. N. Dutt: If virtue, pierced with sin, goes to an assembly, it is the duty of every man in that assembly to take off the dart. If they fail to do it, they themselves are pierced with it.
Supplementary Passages:
2.61.69 After 69, K3 ins.: *558 पादो गच्छति कर्तारं पादः साक्षिणमर्छति पादः सभासदः सर्वान्पादो राजानमर्छति
अर्धं हरति वै श्रेष्ठः पादो भवति कर्तृषु पादश्चैव सभासत्सु ये न निन्दन्ति निन्दितम्
M. N. Dutt: In an assembly where a truly censurable act is not rebuked, half the demerit of that act attaches to the head of that assembly, fourth to the person who acts censurably, and fourth to all men present there.
अनेना भवति श्रेष्ठो मुच्यन्ते च सभासदः एनो गच्छति कर्तारं निन्दार्हो यत्र निन्द्यते
M. N. Dutt: On the other hand, in an assembly in which he that deserves censure is rebuked, the head of that assembly becomes freed from all sins, and others that are present there incurs none. It is only the perpetrator of the (sinful) act, who becomes responsible for it.
वितथं तु वदेयुर्ये धर्मं प्रह्लाद पृच्छते इष्टापूर्तं च ते घ्नन्ति सप्त चैव परावरान्
M. N. Dutt: O Prahlada, those who, being asked about morality, answer falsely, destroy the meritorious acts of their ancestors seven generations upwards and downwards.
हृतस्वस्य हि यद्दुःखं हतपुत्रस्य चापि यत् ऋणिनं प्रति यच्चैव राज्ञा ग्रस्तस्य चापि यत्
AI Translation: The grief of one whose wealth is taken, the grief of one whose son is killed, The grief of one who is in debt, the grief of one who is seized by the king,
स्त्रियाः पत्या विहीनायाः सार्थाद्भ्रष्टस्य चैव यत् अध्यूढायाश्च यद्दुःखं साक्षिभिर्विहतस्य च
AI Translation: The grief of a woman whose husband is dead, of one who has lost his wealth, of one who is in debt, of one who is in bondage, of one who is in a foreign land
Supplementary Passages:
2.61.74 After 74ab, Dn (!) D4.5 ins.: *559 अपुत्रायाश्च यद्दुःखं व्याघ्राघ्रातस्य चैव यत्
एतानि वै समान्याहुर्दुःखानि त्रिदशेश्वराः तानि सर्वाणि दुःखानि प्राप्नोति वितथं ब्रुवन्
AI Translation: These are the sufferings that the lords of the gods declare. He who speaks falsely incurs all these sufferings.
समक्षदर्शनात्साक्ष्यं श्रवणाच्चेति धारणात् तस्मात्सत्यं ब्रुवन्साक्षी धर्मार्थाभ्यां न हीयते
AI Translation: From seeing in front, from hearing, and from remembering, there is testimony. Therefore, the witness who speaks the truth is not deprived of Dharma and wealth.
विदुर उवाच कश्यपस्य वचः श्रुत्वा प्रह्लादः पुत्रमब्रवीत् श्रेयान्सुधन्वा त्वत्तो वै मत्तः श्रेयांस्तथाङ्गिराः
AI Translation: Vidura said: Having heard the words of Kashyapa, Prahlada said to his son: "Sudhanva is better than you, and Angiras is better than me."
माता सुधन्वनश्चापि श्रेयसी मातृतस्तव विरोचन सुधन्वायं प्राणानामीश्वरस्तव
AI Translation: Your mother was the daughter of Sudhanvan, and she was superior to your mother. Virochana was the son of Sudhanvan, and he was the lord of your life.
सुधन्वोवाच पुत्रस्नेहं परित्यज्य यस्त्वं धर्मे प्रतिष्ठितः अनुजानामि ते पुत्रं जीवत्वेष शतं समाः
M. N. Dutt: Prahlada said Sudhanva is superior to you as Angirasa (his father) is to me. The mother of Sudhanva is superior to your mother. Therefore, O Virochana, Sudhanva is now the lord of your life. Sudhanva said As without being moved by affection for your son you have adhered to virtue, I command that your this son will live for one hundred years.
विदुर उवाच एवं वै परमं धर्मं श्रुत्वा सर्वे सभासदः यथाप्रश्नं तु कृष्णाया मन्यध्वं तत्र किं परम्
M. N. Dutt: Vidura said Hearing these great truths of Dharma, let all persons present in this Sabha reflect upon what should be the answer to the question asked by Krishna (Draupadi).
वैशंपायन उवाच विदुरस्य वचः श्रुत्वा नोचुः किंचन पार्थिवाः कर्णो दुःशासनं त्वाह कृष्णां दासीं गृहान्नय
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said Even hearing the words of Vidura, the kings did not answer a word. Karna said to Dushasana, “Take away the servant woman Krishna in the inner apartment.”
तां वेपमानां सव्रीडां प्रलपन्तीं स्म पाण्डवान् दुःशासनः सभामध्ये विचकर्ष तपस्विनीम्
M. N. Dutt: Thereupon Dushasana began to drag in the assembly the helpless, modest and ascetic Draupadi who was trembling and weeping piteously to the Pandavas.