Critical Edition
भीम उवाच पूर्वरूपमदृष्ट्वा ते न यास्यामि कथंचन यदि तेऽहमनुग्राह्यो दर्शयात्मानमात्मना
M. N. Dutt: Bhima said: I shall never go without seeing your former form. If you are pleased with me, show me your own form.
वैशंपायन उवाच एवमुक्तस्तु भीमेन स्मितं कृत्वा प्लवंगमः तद्रूपं दर्शयामास यद्वै सागरलङ्घने
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said : Having been thus addressed by Bhima, the monkey chief showed him the forin in which he jumped across the sea.
भ्रातुः प्रियमभीप्सन्वै चकार सुमहद्वपुः देहस्तस्य ततोऽतीव वर्धत्यायामविस्तरैः
M. N. Dutt: Desiring to gratify his brother, he (Hanuman) assumed a gigantic body which both in length and breadth grew exceedingly huge.
Supplementary Passages:
3.149.3 After 3ab, S ins. (a variant of 2cd): *742 तद्रूपं यत्पुरा तस्य बभूवोदधिलङ्घने
तद्रूपं कदलीषण्डं छादयन्नमितद्युतिः गिरेश्चोच्छ्रयमागम्य तस्थौ तत्र स वानरः
M. N. Dutt: That greatly effulgent monkey stood there covering the whole of the plantain forest, full of trees and rising to the height, reached by the Vindhya (mountain).
समुच्छ्रितमहाकायो द्वितीय इव पर्वतः ताम्रेक्षणस्तीक्ष्णदंष्ट्रो भृकुटीकृतलोचनः दीर्घलाङ्गूलमाविध्य दिशो व्याप्य स्थितः कपिः
M. N. Dutt: Having attained to a lofty and gigantic body which looked like another mountain, (a body) furnished with coppery eyes and sharp teeth and a face marked by frowns, he lay covering all sides, lashing his long tail. That descendant of Kuru (Bhima), seeing his brother's that gigantic form.
तद्रूपं महदालक्ष्य भ्रातुः कौरवनन्दनः विसिस्मिये तदा भीमो जहृषे च पुनः पुनः
AI Translation: Seeing that form of his brother, the delight of the Kauravas, Bhima was amazed then and rejoiced again and again.
तमर्कमिव तेजोभिः सौवर्णमिव पर्वतम् प्रदीप्तमिव चाकाशं दृष्ट्वा भीमो न्यमीलयत्
AI Translation: Seeing him like the sun in his splendor, like a golden mountain, like the sky on fire, Bhima closed his eyes.
आबभाषे च हनुमान्भीमसेनं स्मयन्निव एतावदिह शक्तस्त्वं रूपं द्रष्टुं ममानघ
AI Translation: And Hanūmat, smiling, addressed Bhimasena: "You are able to see this form of mine, O sinless one, to this extent."
वर्धेऽहं चाप्यतो भूयो यावन्मे मनसेप्सितम् भीम शत्रुषु चात्यर्थं वर्धते मूर्तिरोजसा
M. N. Dutt: "O Bhima, O sinless one, you are capable of seeing my form up to this extent. I can go on swelling my body as long as I wish. Amidst foes, my size increases exceedingly by its own energy.
तदद्भुतं महारौद्रं विन्ध्यमन्दरसंनिभम् दृष्ट्वा हनूमतो वर्ष्म संभ्रान्तः पवनात्मजः
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said : Seeing that dreadful and wonderful body of Hanuman like the Vindhya mountain, the son of Pavana (Bhima) grew bewildered.
प्रत्युवाच ततो भीमः संप्रहृष्टतनूरुहः कृताञ्जलिरदीनात्मा हनूमन्तमवस्थितम्
M. N. Dutt: His down standing on end, the high-souled Bhima with joined hands spoke thus to Hanuman who was standing (in that form).
दृष्टं प्रमाणं विपुलं शरीरस्यास्य ते विभो संहरस्व महावीर्य स्वयमात्मानमात्मना
M. N. Dutt: "O lord, O greatly mighty one. I have seen the vast dimensions of your body. Now decrease it with your own prowess.
न हि शक्नोमि त्वां द्रष्टुं दिवाकरमिवोदितम् अप्रमेयमनाधृष्यं मैनाकमिव पर्वतम्
M. N. Dutt: I am unable to look at you who look like the rising sun, who is immeasurable and irrepressible and who resemble the Mainaka mountain.
विस्मयश्चैव मे वीर सुमहान्मनसोऽद्य वै यद्रामस्त्वयि पार्श्वस्थे स्वयं रावणमभ्यगात्
M. N. Dutt: O hero, this is my great wonder to day that when you were at the side of Rama, he had to fight personally with Ravana.
त्वमेव शक्तस्तां लङ्कां सयोधां सहवाहनाम् स्वबाहुबलमाश्रित्य विनाशयितुमोजसा
M. N. Dutt: Depending on your own strength of arms, you were capable of instantly destroying Lanka, with its warriors, heroes, elephants and chariots.
न हि ते किंचिदप्राप्यं मारुतात्मज विद्यते तव नैकस्य पर्याप्तो रावणः सगणो युधि
M. N. Dutt: O son of Vayu, there is nothing that is incapable of being achieved by you. Ravana together with his followers was no match for you in battle, though he fought you single handed.
एवमुक्तस्तु भीमेन हनूमान्प्लवगर्षभः प्रत्युवाच ततो वाक्यं स्निग्धगम्भीरया गिरा
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said: Having been thus addressed by Bhima, that chief of monkeys, Hanuman replied in affectionate words and in solemn accents.
एवमेतन्महाबाहो यथा वदसि भारत भीमसेन न पर्याप्तो ममासौ राक्षसाधमः
M. N. Dutt: Hanuman said: O mighty armed descendant of Bharata. O Bhimasena, it is as you say. That wretch of a Rakshasa (Ravana) was no match for me.
मया तु तस्मिन्निहते रावणे लोककण्टके कीर्तिर्नश्येद्राघवस्य तत एतदुपेक्षितम्
M. N. Dutt: But if I had killed Ravana, that thorn of the worlds, the glory of Raghu's son (Rama) would have been obscured, for this I left him alone.
तेन वीरेण हत्वा तु सगणं राक्षसाधिपम् आनीता स्वपुरं सीता लोके कीर्तिश्च स्थापिता
M. N. Dutt: By killing that lord of the Rakashasas together with his followers and bringing back Sita to his own city, that hero established his fame among men.
तद्गच्छ विपुलप्रज्ञ भ्रातुः प्रियहिते रतः अरिष्टं क्षेममध्वानं वायुना परिरक्षितः
M. N. Dutt: O greatly wise one being intent on the welfare of your brothers and being protected by Vayu, go along a fortunate and blessed way.
एष पन्थाः कुरुश्रेष्ठ सौगन्धिकवनाय ते द्रक्ष्यसे धनदोद्यानं रक्षितं यक्षराक्षसैः
M. N. Dutt: O foremost of Kurus, this way will lead you to Saugandhika (forest). You will see the gardens of Kubera, guarded by the Yakshasas and Rakshasas.
न च ते तरसा कार्यः कुसुमावचयः स्वयम् दैवतानि हि मान्यानि पुरुषेण विशेषतः
M. N. Dutt: Do not pluck there any flowers by the force of your personal might, for the celestials deserve respect and regard from mortals,
बलिहोमनमस्कारैर्मन्त्रैश्च भरतर्षभ दैवतानि प्रसादं हि भक्त्या कुर्वन्ति भारत
M. N. Dutt: O best of the Bharata race, O descendant of Bharata, men gratify the celestials by offerings, homas, sacrifices, reverential salutations, recitations of Mantras and veneration.
मा तात साहसं कार्षीः स्वधर्ममनुपालय स्वधर्मस्थः परं धर्मं बुध्यस्वागमयस्व च
M. N. Dutt: O child, therefore do not act rashly, do not deviate from the duties of your order. Adhering to your own Dharma, know and follow the highest morality.
न हि धर्ममविज्ञाय वृद्धाननुपसेव्य च धर्मो वै वेदितुं शक्यो बृहस्पतिसमैरपि
M. N. Dutt: Without knowing one's own duties and without waiting upon the old, even men who are like Brihaspati can never understand what Dharma and Artha (really are).
अधर्मो यत्र धर्माख्यो धर्मश्चाधर्मसंज्ञितः विज्ञातव्यो विभागेन यत्र मुह्यन्त्यबुद्धयः
M. N. Dutt: One should ascertain with discrimination those cases in which vice goes under the name of virtue and in which men, having no intelligence, become perplexed.
आचारसंभवो धर्मो धर्माद्वेदाः समुत्थिताः वेदैर्यज्ञाः समुत्पन्ना यज्ञैर्देवाः प्रतिष्ठिताः
M. N. Dutt: Four religious observances proceed from virtue, the Vedas are established in virtue and from the Vedas sacrifices came into existence. By sacrifices the celestials are established.
वेदाचारविधानोक्तैर्यज्ञैर्धार्यन्ति देवताः बृहस्पत्युशनोक्तैश्च नयैर्धार्यन्ति मानवाः
M. N. Dutt: The celestials are maintained by the sacrifices prescribed by the Vedas and the ordinances. But men maintain themselves by following ordinances of ordinances of Brihaspati and Ushanas,
पण्याकरवणिज्याभिः कृष्याथो योनिपोषणैः वार्तया धार्यते सर्वं धर्मैरेतैर्द्विजातिभिः
AI Translation: By trade, by commerce, by agriculture, by the support of the womb, All is supported by these means of livelihood, by these means of livelihood, by these means of livelihood, by these means of livelihood, by these means of livelihood, by these means of livelihood, by these means of
त्रयी वार्ता दण्डनीतिस्तिस्रो विद्या विजानताम् ताभिः सम्यक्प्रयुक्ताभिर्लोकयात्रा विधीयते
AI Translation: The three knowledges are the Vedas, commerce, and statecraft. By means of these, when properly applied, the course of the world is established.
सा चेद्धर्मक्रिया न स्यात्त्रयीधर्ममृते भुवि दण्डनीतिमृते चापि निर्मर्यादमिदं भवेत्
AI Translation: If there were no Dharma and ritual on earth, apart from the three Vedas, and if there were no law of punishment, this world would be without boundaries.
वार्ताधर्मे ह्यवर्तन्त्यो विनश्येयुरिमाः प्रजाः सुप्रवृत्तैस्त्रिभिर्ह्येतैर्धर्मैः सूयन्ति वै प्रजाः
AI Translation: If they were not to follow the law of the news, these creatures would perish. These creatures are born by these three good practices.
द्विजानाममृतं धर्मो ह्येकश्चैवैकवर्णिकः यज्ञाध्ययनदानानि त्रयः साधारणाः स्मृताः
M. N. Dutt: The religion of the twice-born consists of the knowledge of the soul. The colour of that order is universally the The performances of sacrifices, study and the bestowal of gifts, these are the three wellknown general duties.
याजनाध्यापने चोभे ब्राह्मणानां प्रतिग्रहः पालनं क्षत्रियाणां वै वैश्यधर्मश्च पोषणम्
M. N. Dutt: Performing sacrifices (on behalf of others), teaching and acceptance of gifts are the (three) duties of the Brahmana. The duty of the Kshatriya is to rule and that of Vaishya is to tend (cattle).
शुश्रूषा तु द्विजातीनां शूद्राणां धर्म उच्यते भैक्षहोमव्रतैर्हीनास्तथैव गुरुवासिनाम्
M. N. Dutt: It is said that the duty of the Shudra is to serve the twice-born ones. The (Shudra) cannot beg alms, perform Homas and observe vows. They are to live in their master's house. same..
क्षत्रधर्मोऽत्र कौन्तेय तव धर्माभिरक्षणम् स्वधर्मं प्रतिपद्यस्व विनीतो नियतेन्द्रियः
M. N. Dutt: O son of Kunti, your duty is that of a Kshatriya, namely to protect (men). Therefore controlling your passions, perform your own duties in an humble spirit.
वृद्धैः संमन्त्र्य सद्भिश्च बुद्धिमद्भिः श्रुतान्वितैः सुस्थितः शास्ति दण्डेन व्यसनी परिभूयते
AI Translation: Having consulted with the wise, the good, the intelligent, and the learned, One who is well-established rules with the rod, while the addicted one is overcome.
निग्रहानुग्रहैः सम्यग्यदा राजा प्रवर्तते तदा भवति लोकस्य मर्यादा सुव्यवस्थिता
AI Translation: When the king acts properly with punishment and favor, then the boundaries of the world are well established.
तस्माद्देशे च दुर्गे च शत्रुमित्रबलेषु च नित्यं चारेण बोद्धव्यं स्थानं वृद्धिः क्षयस्तथा
M. N. Dutt: Therefore the nature of the hostile country, its fortified places, the allies of the enemy, their prosperity and adversity, must be ascertained by spies.
राज्ञामुपायाश्चत्वारो बुद्धिमन्त्रः पराक्रमः निग्रहानुग्रहौ चैव दाक्ष्यं तत्कार्यसाधनम्
AI Translation: There are four means for kings: wisdom, valor, restraint and favor, and skill, which accomplishes their purpose.
साम्ना दानेन भेदेन दण्डेनोपेक्षणेन च साधनीयानि कार्याणि समासव्यासयोगतः
AI Translation: By means of conciliation, gifts, dissension, punishment, and indifference, The tasks to be accomplished should be done by means of brief and extensive methods.
मन्त्रमूला नयाः सर्वे चाराश्च भरतर्षभ सुमन्त्रितैर्नयैः सिद्धिस्तद्विदैः सह मन्त्रयेत्
M. N. Dutt: O best of the Bharata race, politics has for its roots diplomacy. Diplomacy again is the main qualification of a spy. Well judged policy brings in success; therefore in the political matters, counsels of Brahmanas should be taken.
स्त्रिया मूढेन लुब्धेन बालेन लघुना तथा न मन्त्रयेत गुह्यानि येषु चोन्मादलक्षणम्
M. N. Dutt: In matters of secrecy, a woman, a fool, a boy, a covetous man, a mean-minded person and he in whom signs of insanity are marked must not be consulted.
Supplementary Passages:
3.149.44 After 44, K4 ins.: *743 सर्वं दोषकृतं येषां वैरं तत्र प्रतिष्ठितम्
मन्त्रयेत्सह विद्वद्भिः शक्तैः कर्माणि कारयेत् स्निग्धैश्च नीतिविन्यासान्मूर्खान्सर्वत्र वर्जयेत्
M. N. Dutt: Wise men should only be consulted and affairs should be transacted only through able officer. Diplomacy must be carried on through friendly persons. Fools must always be avoided.
धार्मिकान्धर्मकार्येषु अर्थकार्येषु पण्डितान् स्त्रीषु क्लीबान्नियुञ्जीत क्रूरान्क्रूरेषु कर्मसु
M. N. Dutt: In religious matters pious men, in the matters of gain learned men, in guarding woman eunuchs and in all crooked affairs crooked men should be employed.
स्वेभ्यश्चैव परेभ्यश्च कार्याकार्यसमुद्भवा बुद्धिः कर्मसु विज्ञेया रिपूणां च बलाबलम्
AI Translation: From one's own and others' actions, the arising of duty and non-duty, The intellect should be known in actions, and the strength and weakness of enemies.
बुद्ध्या सुप्रतिपन्नेषु कुर्यात्साधुपरिग्रहम् निग्रहं चाप्यशिष्टेषु निर्मर्यादेषु कारयेत्
AI Translation: In those who are well-established in wisdom, he should make good use of them. And in those who are not disciplined and have no boundaries, he should make them be restrained.
निग्रहे प्रग्रहे सम्यग्यदा राजा प्रवर्तते तदा भवति लोकस्य मर्यादा सुव्यवस्थिता
M. N. Dutt: When a king justly punishes and shows favour, dignity of the law is then well maintained and all people live in good order.
एष ते विहितः पार्थ घोरो धर्मो दुरन्वयः तं स्वधर्मविभागेन विनयस्थोऽनुपालय
M. N. Dutt: O son of Pritha, I have thus explained to you all the kingly duties so difficult to comprehend. Perform with equanimity the duty as prescribed for your order.
Supplementary Passages:
3.149.50 After 50ab, B4 ins.: *744 साम्ना मित्राणि दानेन ब्राह्मणं कृत्रिमानि च भेदेनारीन्प्रदमयेत्कुण्डेन साधयेत्प्रजाः
तपोधर्मदमेज्याभिर्विप्रा यान्ति यथा दिवम् दानातिथ्यक्रियाधर्मैर्यान्ति वैश्याश्च सद्गतिम्
M. N. Dutt: The Brahmanas go to heaven by ascetic merits, by controlling their senses and by performing sacrifices. The Vaishyas obtain the blessed state by gifts, hospitality and religious acts. The Kshatriyas go to heaven by protecting and punishing men.
Supplementary Passages:
3.149.51 After 51, S ins.: *745 द्विजशुश्रूषया शूद्रा लभन्ते गतिमुत्तमाम्
क्षत्रं याति तथा स्वर्गं भुवि निग्रहपालनैः सम्यक्प्रणीय दण्डं हि कामद्वेषविवर्जिताः अलुब्धा विगतक्रोधाः सतां यान्ति सलोकताम्
M. N. Dutt: Being not influenced by lust, malice, avarice and anger, if kings justly and properly punish (their subjects), they then go to the place where virtuous men go.