Critical Edition
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच शृणु दिव्यानि कर्माणि वासुदेवस्य संजय कृतवान्यानि गोविन्दो यथा नान्यः पुमान्क्वचित्
M. N. Dutt: Dhritarashtra said Hear, O Sanjaya, of the celestial feats of the son of Vasudeva,-feats which Govinda achieved and which no other person.
संवर्धता गोपकुले बालेनैव महात्मना विख्यापितं बलं बाह्वोस्त्रिषु लोकेषु संजय
M. N. Dutt: While he was being reared in the family of the cowherds, the illustrious one, even in his early years, made the might of his arms, O Sanjaya, known to the three worlds.
Supplementary Passages:
7.10.2 After 2ab, D4.7.8 ins.: *81 शकटं पूतनां हत्वा भग्नौ च यमलार्जुनौ For 3-5, S subst.: *82 पूतनां शकुनिं हत्वा केशिनं चैव वाजिनम् ऋषभं धेनुकं चैव अरिष्टं च महाबलम् वृकं हत्वा महाबाहुं धृत्वा गोवर्धनं गिरिम् चाणूरं मुष्टिकं चैव रङ्गमध्ये निहत्य च
उच्चैःश्रवस्तुल्यबलं वायुवेगसमं जवे जघान हयराजं यो यमुनावनवासिनम्
M. N. Dutt: (Even then) he slew the Asura Hayaraja (prince of steeds) who was equal to the Uchchaishravas in might and the wind itself in fleetness and who infested the woods on the shores of the Yamuna.
दानवं घोरकर्माणं गवां मृत्युमिवोत्थितम् वृषरूपधरं बाल्ये भुजाभ्यां निजघान ह
M. N. Dutt: In his early years, he killed with his two arms only, the Danava in the form of a bull, of terrible deeds and born as Death himself to the COWS.
प्रलम्बं नरकं जम्भं पीठं चापि महासुरम् मुरुं चाचलसंकाशमवधीत्पुष्करेक्षणः
M. N. Dutt: He of eyes resembling lotus petals, also slew the great Asuras, named, Pralamba, Naraka, Jamva, Peeta, as also, Mura of godlike nature.
तथा कंसो महातेजा जरासंधेन पालितः विक्रमेणैव कृष्णेन सगणः शातितो रणे
M. N. Dutt: Also Kansa of great vigour who was protected by Jarasandha himself, was slain with his followers, in battle, by Krishna with his prowess alone.
सुनामा नाम विक्रान्तः समग्राक्षौहिणीपतिः भोजराजस्य मध्यस्थो भ्राता कंसस्य वीर्यवान्
AI Translation: Suṇāma, the valorous, the lord of a complete army, the brother of Kamsa, the valorous, the neutral one of the king of Bhoja,
बलदेवद्वितीयेन कृष्णेनामित्रघातिना तरस्वी समरे दग्धः ससैन्यः शूरसेनराट्
AI Translation: The king of Śūrasena, along with his army, was burned in battle by Kṛṣṇa, the slayer of enemies, who was accompanied by Balarāma.
दुर्वासा नाम विप्रर्षिस्तथा परमकोपनः आराधितः सदारेण स चास्मै प्रददौ वरान्
M. N. Dutt: That highly passionate Brahmanical sage, by name Durvasa, was adored by him (Krishna) along with his wives. The sage (pleased with him) accorded boons to him.
तथा गान्धारराजस्य सुतां वीरः स्वयंवरे निर्जित्य पृथिवीपालानवहत्पुष्करेक्षणः
AI Translation: And the hero, having conquered the kings of the earth, took the daughter of the king of Gandhara in a svayamvara, with eyes like lotuses.
अमृष्यमाणा राजानो यस्य जात्या हया इव रथे वैवाहिके युक्ताः प्रतोदेन कृतव्रणाः
AI Translation: The kings, unable to bear it, who were like horses by birth, were yoked to the wedding chariot, with wounds inflicted by the goad.
जरासंधं महाबाहुमुपायेन जनार्दनः परेण घातयामास पृथगक्षौहिणीपतिम्
M. N. Dutt: That Janardana, through the instrumentality of another, slew Jarasandha of mighty arms, the lord of a complete Akshauhini.
चेदिराजं च विक्रान्तं राजसेनापतिं बली अर्घे विवदमानं च जघान पशुवत्तदा
M. N. Dutt: That puissant one, slaughtered, like a beast, the king of the Chedis, that powerful leader of kingly hosts, when the latter disputed with him about the (sacrificial) Arghya.
सौभं दैत्यपुरं स्वस्थं शाल्वगुप्तं दुरासदम् समुद्रकुक्षौ विक्रम्य पातयामास माधवः
M. N. Dutt: Madhava, by his prowess, hurled into the bosomn of the sea, the fortress of the Danavas known as Soubha, situated in heaven, protected by Shalva and considered to be invulnerable.
अङ्गान्वङ्गान्कलिङ्गांश्च मागधान्काशिकोसलान् वत्सगर्गकरूषांश्च पुण्ड्रांश्चाप्यजयद्रणे
M. N. Dutt: He obtained victory in battle over the Angas, the Bangas, the Kalingas, the Magadhas, the Kasis, the Koshalas, the Vatsyas, the Gargas, the Karushas and the Poundras,
आवन्त्यान्दाक्षिणात्यांश्च पार्वतीयान्दशेरकान् काश्मीरकानौरसकान्पिशाचांश्च समन्दरान्
AI Translation: The Avanti, Dakshina, Parvatiya, Dashera, Kashmiri, Aurasaka, Pishacha, and Samandra.
काम्बोजान्वाटधानांश्च चोलान्पाण्ड्यांश्च संजय त्रिगर्तान्मालवांश्चैव दरदांश्च सुदुर्जयान्
AI Translation: O Sanjaya, the Kambojas, the Vāta-dānas, the Cholas, the Pāṇḍyas, the Trigartas, the Mālavas, the Daradas who are difficult to conquer,
नानादिग्भ्यश्च संप्राप्तान्व्रातानश्वशकान्प्रति जितवान्पुण्डरीकाक्षो यवनांश्च सहानुगान्
AI Translation: And the Yavanas, together with their followers, were conquered by the lotus-eyed one, who had arrived from various directions, from the Vratinas, the Ashvakas, and the Shakas.
प्रविश्य मकरावासं यादोभिरभिसंवृतम् जिगाय वरुणं युद्धे सलिलान्तर्गतं पुरा
M. N. Dutt: In days gone by, entering into the abode of the sea-monster Makara, he defeated in battle Varuna, surrounded by all kinds of sea-animals and hidden underneath watery depths.
युधि पञ्चजनं हत्वा पातालतलवासिनम् पाञ्चजन्यं हृषीकेशो दिव्यं शङ्खमवाप्तवान्
M. N. Dutt: Hrishikesha obtained the celestial conch called Panchajanya, after having slain in battle Panchajana, who lived in the nether regions.
खाण्डवे पार्थसहितस्तोषयित्वा हुताशनम् आग्नेयमस्त्रं दुर्धर्षं चक्रं लेभे महाबलः
M. N. Dutt: That puissant hero, obtained his indomitable weapon of fire, the discus (Sudarshana), by propitiating Hutashana (Fire) by helping it to burn down the Khandava forest, in which act he was assisted by the son of Pritha (Arjuna).
वैनतेयं समारुह्य त्रासयित्वामरावतीम् महेन्द्रभवनाद्वीरः पारिजातमुपानयत्
M. N. Dutt: Riding on the son of Vinata and creating quite a panic in the city of the Immortals, that hero carried away the Parijata tree from the abode of the great Indra.
तच्च मर्षितवाञ्शक्रो जानंस्तस्य पराक्रमम् राज्ञां चाप्यजितं कंचित्कृष्णेनेह न शुश्रुम
M. N. Dutt: That act Shakra submissively brooked, for he was perfectly acquainted with the prowess of Krishna. We have never heard of a king who has not been worsted by Krishna (in battle).
Supplementary Passages:
7.10.23 After 23ab, Dn1 D4.7.8 ins.: *83 गोवर्धनस्योद्धरणे ज्ञात्वा वै समसज्जत
यच्च तन्महदाश्चर्यं सभायां मम संजय कृतवान्पुण्डरीकाक्षः कस्तदन्य इहार्हति
M. N. Dutt: That most marvelous act, which he achieved in my assembly hall, O Sanjaya, who else, save that one of eyes resembling lotus petal, is capable of doing?
यच्च भक्त्या प्रपन्नोऽहमद्राक्षं कृष्णमीश्वरम् तन्मे सुविदितं सर्वं प्रत्यक्षमिव चागमत्
M. N. Dutt: Since inspired by reverence I have been able to recognise Krishna as the Lord, everything in the Vedas is well-known to me and is before my eyes.
नान्तो विक्रमयुक्तस्य बुद्ध्या युक्तस्य वा पुनः कर्मणः शक्यते गन्तुं हृषीकेशस्य संजय
M. N. Dutt: Verily, O Sanjaya, none can reach the end (of the account) of of achievements Hrishikesha who is endued with prowess and intelligence. or
तथा गदश्च साम्बश्च प्रद्युम्नोऽथ विदूरथः आगावहोऽनिरुद्धश्च चारुदेष्णश्च सारणः
AI Translation: And Gadā, Sāmba, Pradyumna, Vidūratha, Āgāvaha, Aniruddha, Charudéśna, Sāraṇa,
उल्मुको निशठश्चैव झल्ली बभ्रुश्च वीर्यवान् पृथुश्च विपृथुश्चैव समीकोऽथारिमेजयः
AI Translation: Ulmuka, Nishtha, Jhalli, the valorous Babhru, Pritthu, Vipritthu, Samika, and Arimejaya,
एते वै बलवन्तश्च वृष्णिवीराः प्रहारिणः कथंचित्पाण्डवानीकं श्रयेयुः समरे स्थिताः
AI Translation: These are the powerful and striking heroes of the Vrishnis. Somehow, they may take refuge in the Pāṇḍava army, standing in battle.
आहूता वृष्णिवीरेण केशवेन महात्मना ततः संशयितं सर्वं भवेदिति मतिर्मम
AI Translation: Called by the great-souled Keshava, the hero of the Vrishnis, Then I think that everything will be doubtful.
नागायुतबलो वीरः कैलासशिखरोपमः वनमाली हली रामस्तत्र यत्र जनार्दनः
M. N. Dutt: The heroic Rama, decked with garlands of wild flowers, equal in strength to two thousand elephants, resembling the peck of the Kailasa mountain and armed with the plough, will be there where Janardana is.
Supplementary Passages:
7.10.31 After 31, S ins.: *84 एक एव द्विधा भूतो दृश्यते मानुषैर्भुवि
यमाहुः सर्वपितरं वासुदेवं द्विजातयः अपि वा ह्येष पाण्डूनां योत्स्यतेऽर्थाय संजय
M. N. Dutt: That son of Vasudeva, whom all the regenerate ones call the Father of all, O Sanjaya, will battle for the interests of the sons of Pandu?
Supplementary Passages:
7.10.32 For 32ab, T G1.2 M subst.: *85 पितॄणामपि यः पूर्वो वेदेषु परिपठ्यते
स यदा तात संनह्येत्पाण्डवार्थाय केशवः न तदा प्रत्यनीकेषु भविता तस्य कश्चन
M. N. Dutt: When that one, O son, O Sanjaya, clothes himself in mail for the interests of the Pandavas, none will come forth as his antagonist.
यदि स्म कुरवः सर्वे जयेयुः सर्वपाण्डवान् वार्ष्णेयोऽर्थाय तेषां वै गृह्णीयाच्छस्त्रमुत्तमम्
M. N. Dutt: If, per chance, the Kurus obtain victory over the Pandavas then that one of the Vrishni race, for the interests of these latter will take up his excellent weapon (the discus).
ततः सर्वान्नरव्याघ्रो हत्वा नरपतीन्रणे कौरवांश्च महाबाहुः कुन्त्यै दद्यात्स मेदिनीम्
M. N. Dutt: Then that foremost of men, that mightyarmed hero, having slain in battle the Kauravas and the (assembled) monarchs will offer the whole earth of Kunti.
यस्य यन्ता हृषीकेशो योद्धा यस्य धनंजयः रथस्य तस्य कः संख्ये प्रत्यनीको भवेद्रथः
M. N. Dutt: What other car can encounter in battle, that car of which the driver is Hrishikesha and the warrior is Dhananjaya?
न केनचिदुपायेन कुरूणां दृश्यते जयः तस्मान्मे सर्वमाचक्ष्व यथा युद्धमवर्तत
M. N. Dutt: In any way, I do not see victory for the Kurus, Recount to me then, all as to how the battle raged.
अर्जुनः केशवस्यात्मा कृष्णोऽप्यात्मा किरीटिनः अर्जुने विजयो नित्यं कृष्णे कीर्तिश्च शाश्वती
M. N. Dutt: Arjuna is the soul of Keshava and Krishna is the soul of the diadem-decked (Arjuna). In Arjuna victory ever resides and eternal glory is in Krishna.
Supplementary Passages:
7.10.38 After 38, B Dc1 ins.: *86 सर्वेष्वपि च लोकेषु बीभत्सुरपराजितः
प्राधान्येन हि भूयिष्ठममेयाः केशवे गुणाः मोहाद्दुर्योधनः कृष्णं यन्न वेत्तीह माधवम्
AI Translation: For the most part, the qualities of Keshava are immeasurable. Out of delusion, Duryodhana does not know the Madhava here.
मोहितो दैवयोगेन मृत्युपाशपुरस्कृतः न वेद कृष्णं दाशार्हमर्जुनं चैव पाण्डवम्
AI Translation: Deluded by the power of fate, he was confronted by the noose of death. He did not know Krishna, the son of Dasharha, or Arjuna, the son of Pandu.
पूर्वदेवौ महात्मानौ नरनारायणावुभौ एकात्मानौ द्विधाभूतौ दृश्येते मानवैर्भुवि
AI Translation: The two great beings, the former gods, Nara and Narayana, are seen by men on earth as two, though they are one in essence.
मनसापि हि दुर्धर्षौ सेनामेतां यशस्विनौ नाशयेतामिहेच्छन्तौ मानुषत्वात्तु नेच्छतः
AI Translation: For these two glorious ones, even in their minds, are invincible. They would destroy this army if they wished, but they do not wish to, because of their humanity.
युगस्येव विपर्यासो लोकानामिव मोहनम् भीष्मस्य च वधस्तात द्रोणस्य च महात्मनः
AI Translation: The reversal of the age, the delusion of the people, And the death of Bhishma and the great-souled Drona,
न ह्येव ब्रह्मचर्येण न वेदाध्ययनेन च न क्रियाभिर्न शस्त्रेण मृत्योः कश्चिद्विमुच्यते
AI Translation: No one is freed from death by celibacy, by studying the Vedas, by rituals, or by weapons.
लोकसंभावितौ वीरौ कृतास्त्रौ युद्धदुर्मदौ भीष्मद्रोणौ हतौ श्रुत्वा किं नु जीवामि संजय
AI Translation: The two heroes, who were honored by the world, who were skilled in the use of weapons, and who were difficult to conquer in battle, Bhishma and Drona, having heard that they have been killed, how can I live, Sanjaya?
यां तां श्रियमसूयामः पुरा यातां युधिष्ठिरे अद्य तामनुजानीमो भीष्मद्रोणवधेन च
AI Translation: We now give up that prosperity which we formerly sought in Yudhishthira. We now give up that prosperity which we formerly sought in the death of Bhishma and Drona.
तथा च मत्कृते प्राप्तः कुरूणामेष संक्षयः पक्वानां हि वधे सूत वज्रायन्ते तृणान्यपि
AI Translation: And thus, for my sake, this destruction of the Kurus has come about. For when the ripe ones are killed, even the grass is struck by the thunderbolt.
अनन्यमिदमैश्वर्यं लोके प्राप्तो युधिष्ठिरः यस्य कोपान्महेष्वासौ भीष्मद्रोणौ निपातितौ
AI Translation: This sovereignty is not shared by anyone else in the world. Yudhishthira has attained it. By his anger, the great archers Bhishma and Drona have been brought down.
प्राप्तः प्रकृतितो धर्मो नाधर्मो मानवान्प्रति क्रूरः सर्वविनाशाय कालः समतिवर्तते
AI Translation: The Dharma, which is natural, has been attained by men, not the Dharma. The cruel time, which is for the destruction of all, is passing.
अन्यथा चिन्तिता ह्यर्था नरैस्तात मनस्विभिः अन्यथैव हि गच्छन्ति दैवादिति मतिर्मम
AI Translation: For, O son, the ideas that are thought of by men, by the wise, go in a different way, I think, by the power of fate.
तस्मादपरिहार्येऽर्थे संप्राप्ते कृच्छ्र उत्तमे अपारणीये दुश्चिन्त्ये यथाभूतं प्रचक्ष्व मे
M. N. Dutt: Result in an altogether different way, through the agency of Destiny; this is my belief. Therefore relate to me truly all that occurred, on the advent of that dreadful but inevitable calamity (the death Drona, generating most grieving thoughts and incapable of being crossed over by us).