Critical Edition
युधिष्ठिर उवाच त्वयि याते महाबाहो संशप्तकबलं प्रति प्रयत्नमकरोत्तीव्रमाचार्यो ग्रहणे मम
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said When, O mighty-armed one, you had gone against the Samshaptaka hosts, the preceptor Drona exerted himself vigourously for capturing me.
व्यूढानीकं वयं द्रोणं वरयामः स्म सर्वशः प्रतिव्यूह्य रथानीकं यतमानं तथा रणे
M. N. Dutt: We then began to resist Drona and his troops arrayed in order on all sides, by dispensing off our troops and car divisions in counter array and striving hard.
स वार्यमाणो रथिभी रक्षितेन मया तथा अस्मानपि जघानाशु पीडयन्निशितैः शरैः
M. N. Dutt: Though he was thus resisted by many and though I was well protected, yet he began to smite us with agility, afflicting us with his sharp shafts.
ते पीड्यमाना द्रोणेन द्रोणानीकं न शक्नुमः प्रतिवीक्षितुमप्याजौ भेत्तुं तत्कुत एव तु
M. N. Dutt: My troops then, thus afflicted by Drona, were not even able, in battle, to look at his divisions what to speak of the thought of breaking through them!
वयं त्वप्रतिमं वीर्ये सर्वे सौभद्रमात्मजम् उक्तवन्तः स्म ते तात भिन्ध्यनीकमिति प्रभो
M. N. Dutt: Then we all, O sire, spoke to Subhadra's son, who was unequalled in his prowess, saying-'O lord, do you break through these divisions of the enemy.'
Supplementary Passages:
7.51.5 For 5, S (except G2) subst.: *355 ततस्तमप्रतिरथमहं सौभद्रमब्रवम् द्रोणानीकमिदं भिन्धि द्वारं संजनयस्व नः
स तथा चोदितोऽस्माभिः सदश्व इव वीर्यवान् असह्यमपि तं भारं वोढुमेवोपचक्रमे
M. N. Dutt: That highly puissant hero then thus urged on by ourselves, like a good horse, prepared himself to take that burden upon himself, however unbearable it might have been for him.
स तवास्त्रोपदेशेन वीर्येण च समन्वितः प्राविशत्तद्बलं बालः सुपर्ण इव सागरम्
M. N. Dutt: Then that boy of tender years, endued with energy and possessed of the knowledge of weapons received from you, broke through that array, like Suparna entering into the ocean.
तेऽनुयाता वयं वीरं सात्वतीपुत्रमाहवे प्रवेष्टुकामास्तेनैव येन स प्राविशच्चमूम्
M. N. Dutt: Then we followed that hero in battle, that son of a daughter of the Satvata race, desirous of entering the hostile ranks even through the path he then opened for us.
ततः सैन्धवको राजा क्षुद्रस्तात जयद्रथः वरदानेन रुद्रस्य सर्वान्नः समवारयत्
M. N. Dutt: Then alas, O sire, the puny ruler of the Sindhus, king Jayadratha resisted us all, through the virtue of a boon received from the god Rudra (Mahadeva).
ततो द्रोणः कृपः कर्णो द्रौणिश्च स बृहद्बलः कृतवर्मा च सौभद्रं षड्रथाः पर्यवारयन्
M. N. Dutt: Thereupon Drona, Kripa, Karna, Drona's son, the king of the Kosalas and Kritavarman-these six car-warriors surrounded the son of Subhadra.
परिवार्य तु तैः सर्वैर्युधि बालो महारथैः यतमानः परं शक्त्या बहुभिर्विरथीकृतः
M. N. Dutt: Thus surrounded by all those mighty carwarriors in battle, that boy though striking to the best of his abilities, was deprived of the use of his car, by the tremendous odds he was fighting against.
ततो दौःशासनिः क्षिप्रं तथा तैर्विरथीकृतम् संशयं परमं प्राप्य दिष्टान्तेनाभ्ययोजयत्
M. N. Dutt: Thus when Abhimanyu was deprived of the use of his car by those warriors, Dushasana's son, who himself was involved in great catastrophe, succeeded, as fate would have it, in making Abhimanyu see his end.
Supplementary Passages:
7.51.12 After 12, S ins.: *356 गदाहस्तोऽभ्ययात्तूर्णं जिघांसुरपराजितम् गदिनं त्वथ तं दृष्ट्वा वासवस्यात्मजात्मजः स जग्राह गदां वीरो गदायुद्धविशारदः गदामण्डलमार्गस्थौ सर्वक्षत्रस्य पश्यतः तौ संप्रजह्रतुर्वीरावन्योन्यस्यान्तरैषिणौ तावन्योन्यं गदाग्राभ्यां ताडितौ युद्धदुर्मदौ इन्द्रध्वजाविवोत्सृष्टौ गतसत्त्वौ महीं गतौ
स तु हत्वा सहस्राणि द्विपाश्वरथसादिनाम् राजपुत्रशतं चाग्र्यं वीरांश्चालक्षितान्बहून्
AI Translation: Having killed thousands of elephants, horses, chariots, and infantry, and the best of a hundred princes, and many heroes who were not recognized,
Supplementary Passages:
7.51.13 After 13ab, K4 B D (except D7.8) ins.: *357 अष्टौ रथसहस्राणि नव दन्तिशतानि च
बृहद्बलं च राजानं स्वर्गेणाजौ प्रयोज्य ह ततः परमधर्मात्मा दिष्टान्तमुपजग्मिवान्
AI Translation: Having appointed King Brihadbala to the throne, he went to heaven. Then, the one with the supreme nature of Dharma passed away.
Supplementary Passages:
7.51.14 After 14ab, D5 ins.: *358 ततो दुर्योधनसुतं लक्ष्मणं हतवान्बली while S ins. after 14ab: *359 गतः सुकृतिनां लोकान्ये च स्वर्गजितां शुभाः अदीनस्त्रासयञ्शत्रून्नन्दयित्वा च बान्धवान् असकृन्नाम विश्राव्य पितॄणां मातुलस्य च For 14cd, S subst.: *360 वीरो दिष्टान्तमापन्नः शोचयन्बान्धवान्बहून् After 14, S ins.: *361 ततः स्म शोकसंतप्ता भवताद्य समेयुषः
एतावदेव निर्वृत्तमस्माकं शोकवर्धनम् स चैवं पुरुषव्याघ्रः स्वर्गलोकमवाप्तवान्
AI Translation: This alone has been accomplished, which increases our grief. And he, the tiger among men, has attained the world of heaven.
संजय उवाच ततोऽर्जुनो वचः श्रुत्वा धर्मराजेन भाषितम् हा पुत्र इति निःश्वस्य व्यथितो न्यपतद्भुवि
AI Translation: Sanjaya said: Then, having heard the words spoken by Dharmaraja, Arjuna, sighing "Alas, son!" fell down on the ground in distress.
Supplementary Passages:
7.51.16 For 16cd, S subst.: *362 व्यथितो न्यपतद्भूमौ दुःखार्तः स मुमोह च
विषण्णवदनाः सर्वे परिगृह्य धनंजयम् नेत्रैरनिमिषैर्दीनाः प्रत्यवेक्षन्परस्परम्
AI Translation: All of them, with dejected faces, took hold of Dhananjaya, and with unblinking eyes, looked at each other in sorrow.
प्रतिलभ्य ततः संज्ञां वासविः क्रोधमूर्छितः कम्पमानो ज्वरेणेव निःश्वसंश्च मुहुर्मुहुः
AI Translation: Having regained consciousness, Vasavi, overcome with anger, trembling as if with fever, and sighing again and again,
पाणिं पाणौ विनिष्पिष्य श्वसमानोऽश्रुनेत्रवान् उन्मत्त इव विप्रेक्षन्निदं वचनमब्रवीत्
AI Translation: Having squeezed his hand in his hand, breathing heavily, with tearful eyes, gazing around like a madman, he spoke these words:
Supplementary Passages:
7.51.19 After 19ab, S ins.: *363 त्रिशिखां भ्रुकुटीं कृत्वा क्रोधसंरक्तलोचनः
सत्यं वः प्रतिजानामि श्वोऽस्मि हन्ता जयद्रथम् न चेद्वधभयाद्भीतो धार्तराष्ट्रान्प्रहास्यति
M. N. Dutt: Arjuna said I tell you this for sooth that, tomorrow I will slay Jayadrath, provided that, afraid of being slain, he does not forsake the sons of Dhritarashtra.
न चास्माञ्शरणं गच्छेत्कृष्णं वा पुरुषोत्तमम् भवन्तं वा महाराज श्वोऽस्मि हन्ता जयद्रथम्
M. N. Dutt: Or seek our refuge or that of Krishna the foremost of all male being or that of yourself, O monarch. I will surely slay Jayadratha tomorrow.
धार्तराष्ट्रप्रियकरं मयि विस्मृतसौहृदम् पापं बालवधे हेतुं श्वोऽस्मि हन्ता जयद्रथम्
M. N. Dutt: Tomorrow will I slay Jayadratha who forgetting his friendship for me, has been doing good to the sons of Dhritarashtra and who has become instrumental in bringing about the slaughter of my boy.
Supplementary Passages:
7.51.22 For 22ab, S subst.: *364 मयि विस्मृतसौहार्दं दुर्योधनहिते रतम्
रक्षमाणाश्च तं संख्ये ये मां योत्स्यन्ति केचन अपि द्रोणकृपौ वीरौ छादयिष्यामि ताञ्शरैः
M. N. Dutt: Desirous of protecting him in battle whosoever shall fight with me, I will cover him, O king, with my arrows, be he Drona himself or Kripa.
Supplementary Passages:
7.51.23 For 23cd, S subst.: *365 राजन्द्रोणमुखांस्तांस्तान्वारयिष्याम्यहं शरैः
यद्येतदेवं संग्रामे न कुर्यां पुरुषर्षभाः मा स्म पुण्यकृतां लोकान्प्राप्नुयां शूरसंमतान्
M. N. Dutt: O foremost of men, O best of heroes, if I do not do tomorrow in battle what I promise to do, then let me not ever attain to the regions which the righteous attain after death.
ये लोका मातृहन्तॄणां ये चापि पितृघातिनाम् गुरुदारगामिनां ये च पिशुनानां च ये तथा
AI Translation: Those who kill their mothers, those who kill their fathers, those who go to the wives of their preceptors, those who are slanderers, and those like them,
साधूनसूयतां ये च ये चापि परिवादिनाम् ये च निक्षेपहर्तॄणां ये च विश्वासघातिनाम्
AI Translation: Those who are envious of the good, those who are slanderers, those who steal deposits, those who betray trust,
भुक्तपूर्वां स्त्रियं ये च निन्दतामघशंसिनाम् ब्रह्मघ्नानां च ये लोका ये च गोघातिनामपि
AI Translation: Those who revile women who have been enjoyed, those who are sinful, those who are the worlds of brahmin-slayers, and also those of cow-slayers,
पायसं वा यवान्नं वा शाकं कृसरमेव वा संयावापूपमांसानि ये च लोका वृथाश्नताम् तानह्नैवाधिगच्छेयं न चेद्धन्यां जयद्रथम्
AI Translation: Rice cooked in milk, barley meal, vegetables, porridge, Sandesh, cakes, meat, and whatever else is eaten by people who eat for no reason, I would obtain all of that in a single day, if not the wealth of Jayadratha.
Supplementary Passages:
7.51.28 For 28cd, K5 Dn1 subst.: *366 अदत्त्वा भुञ्जतां या वै मांसं वा सा गतिर्मम
वेदाध्यायिनमत्यर्थं संशितं वा द्विजोत्तमम् अवमन्यमानो यान्याति वृद्धान्साधूंस्तथा गुरून्
AI Translation: One who despises a brahmin who is a student of the Vedas, who is very learned, or who is an excellent brahmin, and who goes to the elders, the good, and the teachers.
स्पृशतां ब्राह्मणं गां च पादेनाग्निं च यां लभेत् याप्सु श्लेष्म पुरीषं वा मूत्रं वा मुञ्चतां गतिः तां गच्छेयं गतिं घोरां न चेद्धन्यां जयद्रथम्
AI Translation: One who touches a Brahmin, a cow, or fire with his foot, or one who urinates, defecates, or spits in water, goes to that destination. I would go to that terrible destination, unless I conquer Jayadratha.
Supplementary Passages:
7.51.30 B1 D4.6 ins. after 30: B2.3 after 32: D5 after 26: *367 शीतभीताश्च ये विप्रा रणभीताश्च क्षत्रियाः तेषां गतिं गमिष्यामि न चेद्धन्यां जयद्रथम्
नग्नस्य स्नायमानस्य या च वन्ध्यातिथेर्गतिः उत्कोचिनां मृषोक्तीनां वञ्चकानां च या गतिः आत्मापहारिणां या च या च मिथ्याभिशंसिनाम्
AI Translation: The state of one who is naked and bathing, of one who is barren and a guest, The state of those who cheat, speak falsely, and deceive, The state of those who steal their own selves and those who falsely accuse,
भृत्यैः संदृश्यमानानां पुत्रदाराश्रितैस्तथा असंविभज्य क्षुद्राणां या गतिर्मृष्टमश्नताम् तां गच्छेयं गतिं घोरां न चेद्धन्यां जयद्रथम्
AI Translation: Seeing their servants, their wives and children, and not sharing with the mean, they go to the place of those who eat fine food. I would go to that terrible place, not to the place of Jayadratha, if I were not rich.
Supplementary Passages:
7.51.32 After 32cd, D2 ins.: *368 यः प्रत्यवसितो विप्रो न संन्यासं पुनश्चरेत् प्रायश्चित्तेन यस्य स्याच्छुद्धस्तस्य च या गतिः On the other hand, D7 ins. after 33: D8 after 32: *369 तथा देवलकाञ्श्राद्धे सततं पङ्क्तिदूषकान् ये भोजयन्ति संमूढास्तां गतिं समवाप्नुयाम्
संश्रितं वापि यस्त्यक्त्वा साधुं तद्वचने रतम् न बिभर्ति नृशंसात्मा निन्दते चोपकारिणम्
AI Translation: One who abandons a person who has sought refuge, who is devoted to his words, who does not support, who is cruel, who censures one who is helpful,
अर्हते प्रातिवेश्याय श्राद्धं यो न ददाति च अनर्हते च यो दद्याद्वृषलीपत्युरेव च
AI Translation: One who does not offer a śrāddha to the worthy neighbor, and one who offers to the unworthy, and to the husband of a śūdra woman,
Supplementary Passages:
7.51.34 B1 ins. after 35: B2.3 after 34: B4, after 32: *370 मत्स्यकच्छपभक्षाणां भक्ष्यमस्तकशायिनाम् सैन्धवानां गतिं यामि श्वो न हन्यां जयद्रथम्
मद्यपो भिन्नमर्यादः कृतघ्नो भ्रातृनिन्दकः तेषां गतिमियां क्षिप्रं न चेद्धन्यां जयद्रथम्
AI Translation: One who drinks liquor, one who has transgressed the boundaries, one who is ungrateful, one who reviles his brother, If they do not quickly attain the state of Jayadratha, the wealthy one,
धर्मादपेता ये चान्ये मया नात्रानुकीर्तिताः ये चानुकीर्तिताः क्षिप्रं तेषां गतिमवाप्नुयाम् यदि व्युष्टामिमां रात्रिं श्वो न हन्यां जयद्रथम्
M. N. Dutt: The ends of all those wretched persons whom I have not enumerated, as also of those whom I have here mentioned, shall soon overtake me, if, after this night passing away, I do not slay Jayadratha tomorrow.
इमां चाप्यपरां भूयः प्रतिज्ञां मे निबोधत यद्यस्मिन्नहते पापे सूर्योऽस्तमुपयास्यति इहैव संप्रवेष्टाहं ज्वलितं जातवेदसम्
M. N. Dutt: Now listen to another oath of mine. If tomorrow's sun sets before I succeed in slaying this sinful wretch, then even here shall I enter into a blazing fire.
Supplementary Passages:
7.51.37 After 37ab, D7.8 ins. a passage given in App. I (No. 8). T G1-3.5 M subst. for 37cd, placing it after 372*: *371 अनस्तमित आदित्ये न चेद्धन्मि जयद्रथम् After 37ef, T G1-3.5 M ins.: *372 गाण्डीवहस्तो राज्ञां च समक्षं पृथिवीपते
असुरसुरमनुष्याः पक्षिणो वोरगा वा; पितृरजनिचरा वा ब्रह्मदेवर्षयो वा चरमचरमपीदं यत्परं चापि तस्मा;त्तदपि मम रिपुं तं रक्षितुं नैव शक्ताः
M. N. Dutt: Asuras and the celestials, mortals, winged creatures, reptiles or ancestral manes, rangers of the night, Brahmanical or celestials sages, the mobile and immobile things and beings and what other things there may be on the face of the earth, even all these will not be able to protect that foe of mine.
यदि विशति रसातलं तदग्र्यं; वियदपि देवपुरं दितेः पुरं वा तदपि शरशतैरहं प्रभाते; भृशमभिपत्य रिपोः शिरोऽभिहर्ता
M. N. Dutt: If he enters the nether regions or ascends to the skies or repairs to the celestial regions or to the dominion of the Daityas, I will still, with a group of hundred, shafts, cut-off the head of Abhimanyu's enemy, when this night passed away."
एवमुक्त्वा विचिक्षेप गाण्डीवं सव्यदक्षिणम् तस्य शब्दमतिक्रम्य धनुःशब्दोऽस्पृशद्दिवम्
M. N. Dutt: Sanjaya Said Having spoken these words, Arjuna began to twang his bow with both his right and left arms. Rising above the voice of Arjuna, the sound of the twanging bow touched even the very heavens.
अर्जुनेन प्रतिज्ञाते पाञ्चजन्यं जनार्दनः प्रदध्मौ तत्र संक्रुद्धो देवदत्तं धनंजयः
M. N. Dutt: When Arjuna had thus taken that oath Janardana blew the conch Panchajanya and Phalguna also excited with rage blew his conch Devadatta.
स पाञ्चजन्योऽच्युतवक्त्रवायुना; भृशं सुपूर्णोदरनिःसृतध्वनिः जगत्सपातालवियद्दिगीश्वरं; प्रकम्पयामास युगात्यये यथा
M. N. Dutt: Then that conch Panchajanya being filled with the breath of the undeteriorating Krishna, emitted a loud sound and that sound then caused the universe, the nether regions, the heavens and the quarters O lord, to tremble, as if the end of a Yuga had come.
ततो वादित्रघोषाश्च प्रादुरासन्समन्ततः सिंहनादाश्च पाण्डूनां प्रतिज्ञाते महात्मना
M. N. Dutt: Then when the high-souled Arjuna had taken that oath, sounds of thousands of musical instruments and fierce war-cries, arose from the encampment of the Pandavas.
Supplementary Passages:
7.51.43 After 43, S ins.: *373 अनृत्यदिव गाण्डीवं शरास्तूणीगता मुदा निराक्रामन्निव तदा स्वयमेव मृधैषिणः भीमसेनस्तु संहृष्टः प्रत्यभाषत भारत धनंजयमभिप्रेक्ष्य हर्षगद्गदया गिरा प्रतिज्ञोद्भवशब्देन कृष्णशङ्खस्वनेन च निहतो धार्तराष्ट्रोऽयं सानुबन्धः सुयोधनः अथ मृदिततमाग्र्यदाममाल्यं तव सुतशोकमयं च रोषजातम् व्यपनुदति महाप्रभावमेतन् नरवर वाक्यमिदं महार्थमिष्टम् संजय उवाच अथ शङ्खैश्च भेरीभिः पणवैः सैनिकास्तथा ससूतमागधा जिष्णुं स्तुतिभिः समपूजयन् तदा भीमं बलं सर्वं तेन नादेन मोहितम् तावकं तन्महाराजं विषण्णं समपद्यत