Critical Edition
जनमेजय उवाच श्रुत्वा कर्णं हतं युद्धे पुत्रांश्चैवापलायिनः नरेन्द्रः किंचिदाश्वस्तो द्विजश्रेष्ठ किमब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: Janamejaya said O foremost of regenerate persons, being consoled a little, what did the lord of kings say, when he heard of the death of Karna, as well as the fall of his sons?
प्राप्तवान्परमं दुःखं पुत्रव्यसनजं महत् तस्मिन्यदुक्तवान्काले तन्ममाचक्ष्व पृच्छतः
M. N. Dutt: He (the monarch) attained exceedingly great uneasiness in the mind) arising from the fault of his sons. Relate to me, as I ask you, what did he say at that time.
वैशंपायन उवाच श्रुत्वा कर्णस्य निधनमश्रद्धेयमिवाद्भुतम् भूतसंमोहनं भीमं मेरोः पर्यसनं यथा
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said Having heard of the death of Karna, which, being extraordinary, was incredible, which stupefied the senses of all creatures, which was most dreadful and which was like the downfall of the mountain of Meru.
चित्तमोहमिवायुक्तं भार्गवस्य महामतेः पराजयमिवेन्द्रस्य द्विषद्भ्यो भीमकर्मणः
M. N. Dutt: And which (the fall of Karna), was as impossible as the dullness of the intellect of highly energetic Bhargava and which, again, was like the defeat of Indra of formidable deeds at the hands of the enemies.
दिवः प्रपतनं भानोरुर्व्यामिव महाद्युतेः संशोषणमिवाचिन्त्यं समुद्रस्याक्षयाम्भसः
M. N. Dutt: And which (the fall of Karna), also, was like the falling of the highly blazing Sun upon the earth from the heaven and which was as incomprehensible as the drying up of the ocean, whose waters are never exhausted.
महीवियद्दिगीशानां सर्वनाशमिवाद्भुतम् कर्मणोरिव वैफल्यमुभयोः पुण्यपापयोः
M. N. Dutt: And which (the fall of Karna), again, was as extraordinary as the total destruction of the earth, the firmament, the different points of the horizon and the waters and also as the fruitlessness of both virtuous and vicious acts.
संचिन्त्य निपुणं बुद्ध्या धृतराष्ट्रो जनेश्वरः नेदमस्तीति संचिन्त्य कर्णस्य निधनं प्रति
M. N. Dutt: And then having meditated most skillfully in the mind upon the slaying of Karna in battle in the similar manner and also having deeply thought upon this viz. that his army was no more.
प्राणिनामेतदात्मत्वात्स्यादपीति विनाशनम् शोकाग्निना दह्यमानो धम्यमान इवाशयः
M. N. Dutt: And also having argued that the other creatures would be of the similar fate, Dhritarashtra, the lord of men, was burnt by the fire of grief and looked like a burning serpent.
विध्वस्तात्मा श्वसन्दीनो हा हेत्युक्त्वा सुदुःखितः विललाप महाराज धृतराष्ट्रोऽम्बिकासुतः
M. N. Dutt: With paralysed limbs, sighing long, looking helpless, uttering-woe and alas and highly oppressed with with sorrow, the great king Dhritarashtra, the son of Ambika, became to weep most bitterly.
Supplementary Passages:
8.5.9 After 9, T1 ins.: *43 उवाच च पुनर्वाक्यं संशयं भृशविह्वलः
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच संजयाधिरथो वीरः सिंहद्विरदविक्रमः वृषमप्रतिमस्कन्धो वृषभाक्षगतिस्वनः
M. N. Dutt: Dhritarashtra said O Sanjaya, the war-like son of Adhiratha was possessed of the strength of a lion or an elephant; and his neck was like that of a bull; and his eyes, speed and voice were also like those of a bull.
वृषभो वृषभस्येव यो युद्धे न निवर्तते शत्रोरपि महेन्द्रस्य वज्रसंहननो युवा
M. N. Dutt: That young man of limbs as strong as the thunderbolt never desisted from battle even with so great an enemy as Indra himself, even as a bull never desists from battle with another bull.
यस्य ज्यातलशब्देन शरवृष्टिरवेण च रथाश्वनरमातङ्गा नावतिष्ठन्ति संयुगे
M. N. Dutt: At the sound of whose bowstring and at the roaring of whose arrowy showers, the men and horses (ihe infantry and the cavalry), the cars and elephants could not stand in the field of battle.
यमाश्रित्य महाबाहुं द्विषत्संघघ्नमच्युतम् दुर्योधनोऽकरोद्वैरं पाण्डुपुत्रैर्महाबलैः
M. N. Dutt: Having taken refuge under the mighty arms of that imperishable slayer of innumerable foes, Duryodhana made enemies of the sons of Pandu, those great car-warriors.
स कथं रथिनां श्रेष्ठः कर्णः पार्थेन संयुगे निहतः पुरुषव्याघ्रः प्रसह्यासह्यविक्रमः
M. N. Dutt: How could Karna, that foremost of carwarriors, that powerful hero, that one of mighty prowess, was slain in battle by force by the son of Pritha?
यो नामन्यत वै नित्यमच्युतं न धनंजयम् न वृष्णीनपि तानन्यान्स्वबाहुबलमाश्रितः
M. N. Dutt: Placing confidence upon the strength of his own arms, he (Karna) always indeed did care neither for Achyuta, nor for Dhananjaya, nor for the whole of the Vrishni race nor for the other enemies.
शार्ङ्गगाण्डीवधन्वानौ सहितावपराजितौ अहं दिव्याद्रथादेकः पातयिष्यामि संयुगे
M. N. Dutt: 'In the field of battle, alone I shall hurl down at once both the wielder of Gandiva bow, who are unconquerable and are united together, from their celestial cars.'
इति यः सततं मन्दमवोचल्लोभमोहितम् दुर्योधनमपादीनं राज्यकामुकमातुरम्
M. N. Dutt: This (the above saying) he always uttered to Duryodhana, who was bad, darkened by avarice, foolish and desirous of kingdom and also who was highly afflicted.
यश्चाजैषीदतिबलानमित्रानपि दुर्जयान् गान्धारान्मद्रकान्मत्स्यांस्त्रिगर्तांस्तङ्गणाञ्शकान्
AI Translation: He who conquered the very powerful enemies, who were difficult to conquer, the Gandharas, the Madrakas, the Matsyas, the Trigartas, the Tanganas, the
पाञ्चालांश्च विदेहांश्च कुणिन्दान्काशिकोसलान् सुह्मानङ्गांश्च पुण्ड्रांश्च निषादान्वङ्गकीचकान्
M. N. Dutt: And the Panchalas, the Videhas, the Kulindas, the Kashi-Kosalas, the Suhmas, the Angas, the Bangas, the Nishadhas, the Pundras, the Kichakas.
वत्सान्कलिङ्गांस्तरलानश्मकानृषिकांस्तथा यो जित्वा समरे वीरश्चक्रे बलिभृतः पुरा
M. N. Dutt: And the Vatsyas, the Kalingas, the Taralas, the Ashmakas and the Rishikas. In the days of yore, he subjugated these (above-mentioned) heroes in battle and made then pay tribute (to us).
Supplementary Passages:
8.5.20 For 20cd, S subst.: *44 शबरान्परहूणांश्च प्राङ्मुखान्सरलानपि म्लेच्छराष्ट्रांधिपांश्चैव दुर्गानाटविकांस्तथा जित्वैतान्समरे वीरः सुतीक्ष्णैः कङ्कपत्रिभिः करमाहारयामास जित्वा सर्वानरींस्तथा N ins. after 20; T2 (om. line 1) after 44*: *45 शरव्रातैः सुनिशितैः सुतीक्ष्णैः कङ्कपत्रिभिः दुर्योधनस्य वृद्ध्यर्थं वर्तते यो जयाय च सेनागोपश्च स कथं शत्रुभिः परमास्त्रवित् घातितः पाण्डवैः शूरैः समर्थैर्वीर्यशालिभिः वृषो महेन्द्रो देवेषु वृषः कर्णो नरेष्वपि तृतीयमन्यं लोकेषु वृषं नैवानुशुश्रुमः After line 2, Dn1 T1 ins.: *46 दिव्यास्त्रविन्महातेजाः कर्णो वैकर्तनो वृषः
उच्चैःश्रवा वरोऽश्वानां राज्ञां वैश्रवणो वरः वरो महेन्द्रो देवानां कर्णः प्रहरतां वरः
M. N. Dutt: Uchchaishravas is the best of all horses, Vaishravana is the best of the Yakshas; and Indra is the foremost of the celestials; so also Karna is the best of all smiters.
Supplementary Passages:
8.5.21 After 21, V1 B Da1 Dn1 D1.3-7 ins.: *47 योजितः पार्थिवैः शूरैः समर्थैर्वीर्यशालिभिः दुर्योधनस्य वृद्ध्यर्थं कृत्स्नामुर्वीमथाजयत्
यं लब्ध्वा मागधो राजा सान्त्वमानार्थगौरवैः अरौत्सीत्पार्थिवं क्षत्रमृते कौरवयादवान्
M. N. Dutt: Having obtained his (Karna's) alliance, by means of conciliating terms, by paying honours and wealth to him and also by speaking gloriously of him, the king of Magadha and opposed all the Kshatriyas of the world excepting the Kauravas and the Yadavas.
तं श्रुत्वा निहतं कर्णं द्वैरथे सव्यसाचिना शोकार्णवे निमग्नोऽहमप्लवः सागरे यथा
M. N. Dutt: Having heard of the slaughter of that Karna by Savyasachin in a single combat I am plunged deep in the ocean of grief, even as a ship-wrecked one (is plunged) in the vast sea.
Supplementary Passages:
8.5.23 After 23ab, N (D2 missing) ins.: *48 शोकार्णवे निमग्नोऽस्मि समुद्रे भिन्ननौरिव नृवृषं निहतं श्रुत्वा द्वैरथे रथिनां वरम्
ईदृशैर्यद्यहं दुःखैर्न विनश्यामि संजय वज्राद्दृढतरं मन्ये हृदयं मम दुर्भिदम्
M. N. Dutt: O Sanjaya, when having been afflicted with such a grief as this, I do not die, I suppose that my heart is harder than the thunderbolt and most impenetrable.
ज्ञातिसंबन्धिमित्राणामिमं श्रुत्वा पराजयम् को मदन्यः पुमाँल्लोके न जह्यात्सूत जीवितम्
M. N. Dutt: O Suta, having heard of this utter defeat of kinsmen, relatives and friends, what other person in this world except myself would not give up his life?
विषमग्निं प्रपातं वा पर्वताग्रादहं वृणे न हि शक्ष्यामि दुःखानि सोढुं कष्टानि संजय
M. N. Dutt: I desire (to swallow) poison, (to be burnt in) fire and the fall from the summit of a mountain; for I am indeed unable, O Sanjaya, to bear the grief and pain.
Supplementary Passages:
8.5.26 After 26ab, S ins.: *49 महाप्रस्थानगमनं जलं प्रायोपवेशनम् After 26, Ś K1.2.4 ins.: *50 चिन्तयन्नेव सीदामि मनो मेऽतीव मुह्यति
संजय उवाच श्रिया कुलेन यशसा तपसा च श्रुतेन च त्वामद्य सन्तो मन्यन्ते ययातिमिव नाहुषम्
M. N. Dutt: Sanjaya said The sages consider you to be equal to Yayati, the son of Nahusha, in beauty, in lineage, in celebrity, in austerity and in the knowledge about the Shastras.
श्रुते महर्षिप्रतिमः कृतकृत्योऽसि पार्थिव पर्यवस्थापयात्मानं मा विषादे मनः कृथाः
M. N. Dutt: O monarch, you are equal to a great sage in learning; and you are highly successful in respect of all actions. So be you concentrated in self and let not your heart be plunged in sorrow.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच दैवमेव परं मन्ये धिक्पौरुषमनर्थकम् यत्र रामप्रतीकाशः कर्णोऽहन्यत संयुगे
M. N. Dutt: Dhritarashtra said I consider Destiny to be superior and human effort to be fruitless; for the reason that Karna, who was like a Sala tree, was slain in battle.
हत्वा युधिष्ठिरानीकं पाञ्चालानां रथव्रजान् प्रताप्य शरवर्षेण दिशः सर्वा महारथः
M. N. Dutt: Having slain the entire force of Yudhishthira as well as the car-warriors of the Panchala race and having afflicted, by the showers of arrows, the men in the different directions of the horizon.
मोहयित्वा रणे पार्थान्वज्रहस्त इवासुरान् स कथं निहतः शेते वातरुग्ण इव द्रुमः
M. N. Dutt: And also having rendered the Parthas senseless in battle, even as Indra with the thunderbolt in his hand, stupifying the Asuras, how has that great car-warrior (Karna) been slain in battle, who now lies dead (in the field) like a large tree up-rotted by the wind.
शोकस्यान्तं न पश्यामि समुद्रस्येव विप्लुकाः चिन्ता मे वर्धते तीव्रा मुमूर्षा चापि जायते
M. N. Dutt: I do not find the end of my so 'w like that of the overflowed ocean. My anxieties are growing more acute; and the desire for death has been growing in me.
कर्णस्य निधनं श्रुत्वा विजयं फल्गुनस्य च अश्रद्धेयमहं मन्ये वधं कर्णस्य संजय
M. N. Dutt: Having heard of the intelligence of the slaughter of Karna and the victory of Falguna. To me, O Sanjaya, the death of Karna, seems to be incredible.
वज्रसारमयं नूनं हृदयं सुदृढं मम यच्छ्रुत्वा पुरुषव्याघ्रं हतं कर्णं न दीर्यते
M. N. Dutt: Really, my heart is pretty well hard and seems to be made up of the essence of the thunder-bolt, because it does not split up into thousand pieces on my hearing of the death of Karna.
आयुर्नूनं सुदीर्घं मे विहितं दैवतैः पुरा यत्र कर्णं हतं श्रुत्वा जीवामीह सुदुःखितः
M. N. Dutt: Indeed, my life was ordained before (my birth) to be pretty long by Destiny; since, when having heard of the slaughter of Karna, I am still alive, although I am highly afflicted with grief.
धिग्जीवितमिदं मेऽद्य सुहृद्धीनस्य संजय अद्य चाहं दशामेतां गतः संजय गर्हिताम् कृपणं वर्तयिष्यामि शोच्यः सर्वस्य मन्दधीः
AI Translation: "O Sanjaya, today I am without friends. Shame on this life of mine! " "O Sanjaya, today I have come to this state of disgrace. " "I shall live a miserable life, pitied by all, O Sanjaya, because of my stupidity."
अहमेव पुरा भूत्वा सर्वलोकस्य सत्कृतः परिभूतः कथं सूत पुनः शक्ष्यामि जीवितुम् दुःखात्सुदुःखं व्यसनं प्राप्तवानस्मि संजय
AI Translation: "I myself, in the past, was honored by all the worlds, " "How can I, O charioteer, again live, being insulted? " "I have attained great misery from misery, O Sanjaya,
तस्माद्भीष्मवधे चैव द्रोणस्य च महात्मनः नात्र शेषं प्रपश्यामि सूतपुत्रे हते युधि
AI Translation: Therefore, in the killing of Bhishma and the great-souled Drona, I do not see any remainder when the son of a suta is killed in battle.
स हि पारं महानासीत्पुत्राणां मम संजय युद्धे विनिहतः शूरो विसृजन्सायकान्बहून्
AI Translation: He was the eldest of my sons, O Sanjaya, and was killed in battle, discharging many arrows.
को हि मे जीवितेनार्थस्तमृते पुरुषर्षभम् रथादतिरथो नूनमपतत्सायकार्दितः
AI Translation: Who indeed has any use for life without that bull among men? The charioteer, struck by the arrow, certainly fell from the chariot.
पर्वतस्येव शिखरं वज्रपातविदारितम् शयीत पृथिवीं नूनं शोभयन्रुधिरोक्षितः मातङ्ग इव मत्तेन मातङ्गेन निपातितः
M. N. Dutt: Surely having adorned the earth, he, besmeared with blood, sleeps in the ground, like an elephant killed by an infuriate lord of elephants.
यद्बलं धार्तराष्ट्राणां पाण्डवानां यतो भयम् सोऽर्जुनेन हतः कर्णः प्रतिमानं धनुष्मताम्
M. N. Dutt: That Karna who had been the strength of all the Dhartarashtras and who had been the object of terror to the Pandavas and who, again, had been the type of the best of all bowmen, was slain by Arjuna.
स हि वीरो महेष्वासः पुत्राणामभयंकरः शेते विनिहतो वीरः शक्रेणेव यथा बलः
M. N. Dutt: That heroic and mighty bowman, conferred fearlessness on my sons; and that warlike one, being in battle, lies on the ground like a mountain pierced by the lord of the celestials.
पङ्गोरिवाध्वगमनं दरिद्रस्येव कामितम् दुर्योधनस्य चाकूतं तृषितस्येव पिप्लुकाः
M. N. Dutt: The realisation of the end of Duryodhana is even like the walking of the lame and like the fulfillment of the desires of the poor and also like straying out of the water drops from the mouth of the thirsty.
अन्यथा चिन्तितं कार्यमन्यथा तत्तु जायते अहो नु बलवद्दैवं कालश्च दुरतिक्रमः
M. N. Dutt: Actions considered in one way turn out differently. Alas, Destiny is really powerful and Time is insuperable?
पलायमानः कृपणं दीनात्मा दीनपौरुषः कच्चिन्न निहतः सूत पुत्रो दुःशासनो मम
AI Translation: "Fleeing, wretched, miserable, of little courage, " "O charioteer, has not my son Duhshāsana been killed?"
कच्चिन्न नीचाचरितं कृतवांस्तात संयुगे कच्चिन्न निहतः शूरो यथा न क्षत्रिया हताः
AI Translation: "O son, did you not behave like a low person in the battle? " "O hero, were you not killed like the Kshatriyas who are not killed?"
Supplementary Passages:
8.5.47 After 47ab, S ins.: *51 पुत्रो दुर्योधनः संख्ये निहतो मम संजय
युधिष्ठिरस्य वचनं मा युद्धमिति सर्वदा दुर्योधनो नाभ्यगृह्णान्मूढः पथ्यमिवौषधम्
M. N. Dutt: The stupid Duryodhana did not accept the constant advice of Yudhishthira viz. do not fight, which was like the wholesome drug.
शरतल्पे शयानेन भीष्मेण सुमहात्मना पानीयं याचितः पार्थः सोऽविध्यन्मेदिनीतलम्
AI Translation: The great-souled Bhishma was lying on a bed of arrows. Partha asked for water and pierced the ground.
जलस्य धारां विहितां दृष्ट्वा तां पाण्डवेन ह अब्रवीत्स महाबाहुस्तात संशाम्य पाण्डवैः
AI Translation: Seeing the water stream released by the Pandava, the mighty-armed one said, "O son, be reconciled with the Pandavas.
प्रशमाद्धि भवेच्छान्तिर्मदन्तं युद्धमस्तु च भ्रातृभावेन पृथिवीं भुङ्क्ष्व पाण्डुसुतैः सह
AI Translation: From peace there will be peace. Let there be a battle with the proud. Enjoy the earth with the sons of Pandu as brothers.
अकुर्वन्वचनं तस्य नूनं शोचति मे सुतः तदिदं समनुप्राप्तं वचनं दीर्घदर्शिनः
M. N. Dutt: am Having disregarded the advice of that one of long foresight, my son is surely repenting that advice of his is now realised into its effect..
अहं तु निहतामात्यो हतपुत्रश्च संजय द्यूततः कृच्छ्रमापन्नो लूनपक्ष इव द्विजः
M. N. Dutt: O Sanjaya, I, who deprived of counsellor and sons, have too, obtained great misery consequent upon the game at dice, like a bird shorn of its wings.
यथा हि शकुनिं गृह्य छित्त्वा पक्षौ च संजय विसर्जयन्ति संहृष्टाः क्रीडमानाः कुमारकाः
AI Translation: Just as boys, having caught a bird, cut off its wings, O Sanjaya, and then joyfully release it, playing with it,
छिन्नपक्षतया तस्य गमनं नोपपद्यते तथाहमपि संप्राप्तो लूनपक्ष इव द्विजः
AI Translation: Because his wings are cut, he cannot fly. In the same way, I have become like a bird with clipped wings.
क्षीणः सर्वार्थहीनश्च निर्बन्धुर्ज्ञातिवर्जितः कां दिशं प्रतिपत्स्यामि दीनः शत्रुवशं गतः
M. N. Dutt: Now I am weak, destitute of all resources and deprived of all kinsmen and left my friends and also I am poor and possessed by my foes-To what point of the horizon shall I depart?
Supplementary Passages:
8.5.56 K4 Dn1 D7 T2 ins. after the addl. colophon: D4 (marg.).8 T1.3 G M ins. after 56: *52 वैशंपायन उवाच इत्येवं धृतराष्ट्रोऽथ विलप्य बहु दुःखितः प्रोवाच संजयं भूयः शोकव्याकुललोचनः K4 Dn1 D4.7.8 T2 cont.: Ś K1-3 V1 B Da1 D1.3.5.6 ins. after 56: *53 योऽजयत्सवर्काम्बोजानम्बष्ठान्केकयैः सह गान्धारांश्च विदेहांश्च जित्वा कार्यार्थमाहवे
दुर्योधनस्य वृद्ध्यर्थं पृथिवीं योऽजयत्प्रभुः स जितः पाण्डवैः शूरैः समर्थैर्वीर्यशालिभिः
AI Translation: For the sake of Duryodhana's prosperity, he conquered the earth. He was defeated by the brave Pandavas, who were capable and full of valor.
तस्मिन्हते महेष्वासे कर्णे युधि किरीटिना के वीराः पर्यवर्तन्त तन्ममाचक्ष्व संजय
M. N. Dutt: When that mighty bowman Karna was slain in battle by the holder of Kiriti (Arjuna), what other heroes were still waiting in the field. Tell me this, O Sanjaya.
कच्चिन्नैकः परित्यक्तः पाण्डवैर्निहतो रणे उक्तं त्वया पुरा वीर यथा वीरा निपातिताः
M. N. Dutt: Was he not alone and forlorn, while slain by the Pandavas in battle? O son, it was told by you beforehand how the heroes my side were slain.
भीष्ममप्रतियुध्यन्तं शिखण्डी सायकोत्तमैः पातयामास समरे सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरम्
M. N. Dutt: Shikhandin slew in battle, by means of the best of his darts, that great wielder of all weapons, Bhishma, who did not care for repelling the foes.
तथा द्रौपदिना द्रोणो न्यस्तसर्वायुधो युधि युक्तयोगो महेष्वासः शरैर्बहुभिराचितः निहतः खड्गमुद्यम्य धृष्टद्युम्नेन संजय
M. N. Dutt: So also, O Sanjaya, by Dhristadyumna, the son of Drupada, lifting up his sword, was slain that mighty bowman Drona, practising severe asceticisin, who, being already pierced by innumerable weapons had put aside all his weapons in battle. I have, indeed, heard of this, viz. that these two, Bhishma and Drona, were slain at a disadvantage and especially by means of a stratagem.
Supplementary Passages:
8.5.61 After 61ab, S (except T2) ins.: *54 धर्मराजवचः श्रुत्वा अश्वत्थामा हतस्त्विति
अन्तरेण हतावेतौ छलेन च विशेषतः अश्रौषमहमेतद्वै भीष्मद्रोणौ निपातितौ
AI Translation: Both of them were killed in the interval, especially by deceit. I heard that Bhishma and Drona were brought down.
भीष्मद्रोणौ हि समरे न हन्याद्वज्रभृत्स्वयम् न्यायेन युध्यमानौ हि तद्वै सत्यं ब्रवीमि ते
M. N. Dutt: Surely even the wielder of the thunderbolt (Indra) himself cannot slay in battle by just means both Bhishma and Drona, while contending in battle. Indeed, that I tell you truly.
कर्णं त्वस्यन्तमस्त्राणि दिव्यानि च बहूनि च कथमिन्द्रोपमं वीरं मृत्युर्युद्धे समस्पृशत्
M. N. Dutt: While Karna was engaged in throwing down his innumerable celestial weapons in battle, how could Death touch that hero who was like Indra himself?
यस्य विद्युत्प्रभां शक्तिं दिव्यां कनकभूषणाम् प्रायच्छद्द्विषतां हन्त्रीं कुण्डलाभ्यां पुरंदरः
AI Translation: To whom Indra gave the divine weapon, shining like lightning, adorned with gold, The destroyer of enemies, along with the earrings.
यस्य सर्पमुखो दिव्यः शरः कनकभूषणः अशेत निहतः पत्री चन्दनेष्वरिसूदनः
AI Translation: Whose divine arrow with a serpent's head and golden ornaments Lay slain, with its feathered shaft, on sandalwood trees, O slayer of foes.
भीष्मद्रोणमुखान्वीरान्योऽवमन्य महारथान् जामदग्न्यान्महाघोरं ब्राह्ममस्त्रमशिक्षत
AI Translation: He despised the great warriors headed by Bhishma and Drona, and learned the terrible Brahma weapon from Jamadagni's son.
यश्च द्रोणमुखान्दृष्ट्वा विमुखानर्दिताञ्शरैः सौभद्रस्य महाबाहुर्व्यधमत्कार्मुकं शरैः
AI Translation: And he who, seeing Drona and others with their faces turned away, struck them with arrows, The mighty-armed one shattered Subhadra's bow with arrows.
यश्च नागायुतप्राणं वातरंहसमच्युतम् विरथं भ्रातरं कृत्वा भीमसेनमुपाहसत्
AI Translation: Who, having made his brother Bhima unconscious, without a chariot, and with a life equal to ten thousand elephants, and swift as the wind, laughed at him.
सहदेवं च निर्जित्य शरैः संनतपर्वभिः कृपया विरथं कृत्वा नाहनद्धर्मवित्तया
AI Translation: Having defeated Sahadeva with arrows having straight joints, he made him chariotless out of compassion, not out of knowledge of dharma.
यश्च मायासहस्राणि ध्वंसयित्वा रणोत्कटम् घटोत्कचं राक्षसेन्द्रं शक्रशक्त्याभिजघ्निवान्
AI Translation: And he who, having destroyed thousands of Māyā warriors in battle, Slew the demon king Ghatotkacha with the thunderbolt of Indra,
एतानि दिवसान्यस्य युद्धे भीतो धनंजयः नागमद्द्वैरथं वीरः स कथं निहतो रणे
AI Translation: How is it that Dhananjaya, who was afraid of fighting in these days, did not come to a duel with the hero, and how was he killed in battle?
Supplementary Passages:
8.5.72 After 72, Dn1 D3 T2 ins.: *55 संशप्तकानां योधा ये आह्वयन्त सदान्यतः Dn1 T2 cont.: *56 एतान्हत्वा हनिष्यामि पश्चाद्वैकर्तनं रणे इति व्यपदिशन्पार्थो वर्जयन्सूतजं रणे स कथं निहतो वीरः पार्थेन परमाहवे
रथसङ्गो न चेत्तस्य धनुर्वा न व्यशीर्यत न चेदस्त्राणि निर्णेशुः स कथं निहतः परैः
M. N. Dutt: When his car was not broken, nor his bow was cut-off, nor his weapons were exhausted, how could he (Karna), therefore, be slain by the enemies?
को हि शक्तो रणे कर्णं विधुन्वानं महद्धनुः विमुञ्चन्तं शरान्घोरान्दिव्यान्यस्त्राणि चाहवे जेतुं पुरुषशार्दूलं शार्दूलमिव वेगितम्
M. N. Dutt: Who, indeed, was able to subdue Karna in battle, that foremost of persons, possessed of the speed of a tiger, while that mighty bowman was shaking his bow and shooting forth his terrible arrows and exhausting his celestial weapons in battle.
ध्रुवं तस्य धनुश्छिन्नं रथो वापि गतो महीम् अस्त्राणि वा प्रनष्टानि यथा शंससि मे हतम् न ह्यन्यदनुपश्यामि कारणं तस्य नाशने
M. N. Dutt: Surely his bow-string was torn; his car was engulfed in the earth; and his weapons were all spent, because you tell me that he was slain.
न हन्यामर्जुनं यावत्तावत्पादौ न धावये इति यस्य महाघोरं व्रतमासीन्महात्मनः
M. N. Dutt: Indeed, I do not find any other cause of his slaughter. 'I will not have my feet washed, so long as I do not slay Falguna.' This was highly the terrible vow of the high-souled one.
यस्य भीतो वने नित्यं धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः त्रयोदश समा निद्रां न लेभे पुरुषर्षभः
AI Translation: The Dharma King Yudhishthira, who was always afraid of him, The bull among men did not sleep for thirteen years.
यस्य वीर्यवतो वीर्यं समाश्रित्य महात्मनः मम पुत्रः सभां भार्यां पाण्डूनां नीतवान्बलात्
AI Translation: The one who is powerful, who is the support of the powerful, the great-souled one, My son, by force, has brought the wife of the assembly of the Pandus.
तत्र चापि सभामध्ये पाण्डवानां च पश्यताम् दासभार्येति पाञ्चालीमब्रवीत्कुरुसंसदि
AI Translation: And in that assembly hall, while the Pandavas were watching, he addressed Panchali, the wife of a servant, in the Kuru assembly.
Supplementary Passages:
8.5.79 After 79, K2 (first line only).4 Dn1 D4 (marg. sec. m.).7 T2 ins.: *57 न सन्ति पतयः कृष्णे सर्वे षण्ढतिलैः समाः उपतिष्ठस्व भर्तारमन्यं वा वरवर्णिनि इत्येवं यः पुरा वाचो रूक्षाः संश्रावयन्रुषा सभायां सूतजः कृष्णां स कथं निहतः परैः यदि भीष्मो रणश्लाघी द्रोणो वा युधि दुर्मदः न हनिष्यति कौन्तेयान्पक्षपातात्सुयोधन सर्वानेव हनिष्यामि व्येतु ते मानसो ज्वरः किं करिष्यति गाण्डीवमक्षय्यौ च महेषुधी स्निग्धचन्दनदिग्धस्य मच्छरस्याभिधावतः स नूनमृषभस्कन्धो ह्यर्जुनेन कथं हतः
यश्च गाण्डीवमुक्तानां स्पर्शमुग्रमचिन्तयन् अपतिर्ह्यसि कृष्णेति ब्रुवन्पार्थानवैक्षत
AI Translation: And he who thought of the fierce touch of those released from Gandiva, And said, "You are without a husband, O Krishna," and looked at the Parthas,
यस्य नासीद्भयं पार्थैः सपुत्रैः सजनार्दनैः स्वबाहुबलमाश्रित्य मुहूर्तमपि संजय
AI Translation: Who was not afraid of the sons of Pritha, together with Janārddana, Relying on the strength of his own arms, even for a moment, O Sanjaya,
तस्य नाहं वधं मन्ये देवैरपि सवासवैः प्रतीपमुपधावद्भिः किं पुनस्तात पाण्डवैः
AI Translation: I do not think that he can be killed even by the gods with Indra, much less by the sons of Pandu, who are running away in fear.
न हि ज्यां स्पृशमानस्य तलत्रे चापि गृह्णतः पुमानाधिरथेः कश्चित्प्रमुखे स्थातुमर्हति
AI Translation: No man can stand before him who touches the bowstring and grasps the bow. No man can stand before him who touches the bowstring and grasps the bow.
अपि स्यान्मेदिनी हीना सोमसूर्यप्रभांशुभिः न वधः पुरुषेन्द्रस्य समरेष्वपलायिनः
AI Translation: May the earth be deprived of the rays of the moon and the sun, but not the death of a king who does not flee in battle.
यदि मन्दः सहायेन भ्रात्रा दुःशासनेन च वासुदेवस्य दुर्बुद्धिः प्रत्याख्यानमरोचयत्
AI Translation: If he is weak, he should be with his brother Duhshāsana as an ally. The evil-minded one did not approve of Vasudéva's rejection.
स नूनमृषभस्कन्धं दृष्ट्वा कर्णं निपातितम् दुःशासनं च निहतं मन्ये शोचति पुत्रकः
AI Translation: Seeing Karna fallen with a bull-like shoulder, and Duhshāsana killed, I think the son is grieving.
हतं वैकर्तनं श्रुत्वा द्वैरथे सव्यसाचिना जयतः पाण्डवान्दृष्ट्वा किं स्विद्दुर्योधनोऽब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: Having seen that the son of Vikartana was slain by Savyasachin in a single combat and that the Pandavas were victorious, what, indeed, did Duryodhana say?
दुर्मर्षणं हतं श्रुत्वा वृषसेनं च संयुगे प्रभग्नं च बलं दृष्ट्वा वध्यमानं महारथैः
AI Translation: Hearing of the death of Durmarshana and Vrishasena in battle, and seeing the army shattered and being slaughtered by the great warriors,
पराङ्मुखांस्तथा राज्ञः पलायनपरायणान् विद्रुतान्रथिनो दृष्ट्वा मन्ये शोचति पुत्रकः
AI Translation: And the kings who were turned away, intent on fleeing, Seeing the charioteers scattered, I think the son grieves.
Supplementary Passages:
8.5.89 After 89c, D8 ins.: *58 किंचिद्दुर्योधनोऽब्रवीत् विषमे शोकदुःखाभ्यां
अनेयश्चाभिमानेन बालबुद्धिरमर्षणः हतोत्साहं बलं दृष्ट्वा किं स्विद्दुर्योधनोऽब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: What did that undaunted, proud and evil souled Duryodhana of uncontrolled passions say, after beholding his army grown pretty well dispirited?
Supplementary Passages:
8.5.90 K1 V1 B D (except D4) S (except M2; T1 om.) ins. after 90: K3, after 91: *59 स्वयं वैरं महत्कृत्वा वार्यमाणः सुहृद्गणैः प्रधानहतभूयिष्ठे किं स्विद्दुर्योधनोऽब्रवीत्
भ्रातरं निहतं दृष्ट्वा भीमसेनेन संयुगे रुधिरं पीयमानेन किं स्विद्दुर्योधनोऽब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: Having seen that his brother was slain in battle and his blood was drunk by Bhimasena, what did Duryodhana say? w
सह गान्धारराजेन सभायां यदभाषत कर्णोऽर्जुनं रणे हन्ता हते तस्मिन्किमब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: He (my son) said in the midst of the assembly-hall with the king of the Gandharas that Karna would slay Arjuna in battle. But how having seen that hero slain, what did he (Duryodhana) say?
द्यूतं कृत्वा पुरा हृष्टो वञ्चयित्वा च पाण्डवान् शकुनिः सौबलस्तात हते कर्णे किमब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: O son, when Karna was slain, what did Shakuni, the son of Subala, having at first played at dice with a cheerful heart and deceived the son of Pandu, say?
कृतवर्मा महेष्वासः सात्वतानां महारथः कर्णं विनिहतं दृष्ट्वा हार्दिक्यः किमभाषत
M. N. Dutt: Beholding the son of Vikartana (slain in battle), what did that son of Hridika, Kritavarman, that mighty bowman, that great car-warrior amongst the Satvatas, say?
ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्या यस्य शिक्षामुपासते धनुर्वेदं चिकीर्षन्तो द्रोणपुत्रस्य धीमतः
AI Translation: Brahmanas, Kshatriyas and Vaishyas who desire to learn the science of archery from the wise son of Drona.
युवा रूपेण संपन्नो दर्शनीयो महायशाः अश्वत्थामा हते कर्णे किमभाषत संजय
AI Translation: Young, endowed with beauty, handsome, of great fame, What did Ashvatthama say when Karna was killed, Sanjaya?
आचार्यत्वं धनुर्वेदे गतः परमतत्त्ववित् कृपः शारद्वतस्तात हते कर्णे किमब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: What did that son of Sharadvata, Kripa of the Gautama race, that mighty, car-warrior, that teacher of archery, say when he saw Karna slain in battle?
मद्रराजो महेष्वासः शल्यः समितिशोभनः दिष्टं तेन हि तत्सर्वं यथा कर्णो निपातितः
AI Translation: The king of the Madras, the great archer Shalya, the ornament of assemblies, For it was by him that all that happened, as Karna was brought down.
Supplementary Passages:
8.5.98 After 98, K3.4 V1 B Da1 D1.3-5.7 ins.: *60 किमभाषत सौवीरो मद्राणामधिपो बली K4 V1 B Da1 D1.3-5.7 cont.: *61 दृष्ट्वा विनिहतं सर्वे योधा वारणदुर्जयाः
ये च केचन राजानः पृथिव्यां योद्धुमागताः वैकर्तनं हतं दृष्ट्वा किमभाषन्त संजय
M. N. Dutt: And again, O Sanjaya, what did the other warriors, who with difficulty could be vanquished, as well as all the kings of the earth, who had come with the desire of fighting, say, when they beheld the slaughter of the son of Vikartana?
कर्णे तु निहते वीरे रथव्याघ्रे नरर्षभे किं वो मुखमनीकानामासीत्संजय भागशः
M. N. Dutt: When that hero, that foremost of the carwarriors, that best among men, Drona was slain (in battle), who, O Sanjaya, had been the leaders of the several divisions of the army in succession?
मद्रराजः कथं शल्यो नियुक्तो रथिनां वरः वैकर्तनस्य सारथ्ये तन्ममाचक्ष्व संजय
M. N. Dutt: O Sanjaya, do you relate to me, how Shalya, the king of the Madras, that best among all the car-warriors, was engaged as the charioteer of the son of Vikartana?
केऽरक्षन्दक्षिणं चक्रं सूतपुत्रस्य संयुगे वामं चक्रं ररक्षुर्वा के वा वीरस्य पृष्ठतः
M. N. Dutt: While the son of Suta was fighting, who were the persons guarding his right wheel and those who protected his left and again, who were they that guarded his back.
के कर्णं वाजहुः शूराः के क्षुद्राः प्राद्रवन्भयात् कथं च वः समेतानां हतः कर्णो महारथः
M. N. Dutt: What heroes did not forsake Karna and what mean-minded men flew away from him? While you had been present in the field, how could that mighty car-warrior be slain in battle?
पाण्डवाश्च कथं शूराः प्रत्युदीयुर्महारथम् सृजन्तं शरवर्षाणि वारिधारा इवाम्बुदम्
AI Translation: How did the Pandavas, who were brave, counter the great chariot that was releasing showers of arrows like clouds releasing streams of water?
स च सर्पमुखो दिव्यो महेषुप्रवरस्तदा व्यर्थः कथं समभवत्तन्ममाचक्ष्व संजय
AI Translation: And that divine arrow with a serpent's head, the best of great arrows, How did it become useless? Tell me that, Sanjaya.
मामकस्यास्य सैन्यस्य हृतोत्सेधस्य संजय अवशेषं न पश्यामि ककुदे मृदिते सति
M. N. Dutt: When the best of the leaders were slain, I do not see, O Sanjaya, that even some of the soldiers of my side, who had already lost their courage, will survive (the terrible slaughter).
तौ हि वीरौ महेष्वासौ मदर्थे कुरुसत्तमौ भीष्मद्रोणौ हतौ श्रुत्वा को न्वर्थो जीवितेन मे
M. N. Dutt: Indeed, those two heroes, the great bowmen, were ready to give up their lives for my sake. Hearing of their (Bhishma and Drona) death, what use have I of my life?
न मृष्यामि च राधेयं हतमाहवशोभिनम् यस्य बाह्वोर्बलं तुल्यं कुञ्जराणां शतं शतम्
AI Translation: I cannot bear to see the son of Radha killed, who was so handsome in battle, whose arms were equal in strength to a hundred elephants.
द्रोणे हते च यद्वृत्तं कौरवाणां परैः सह संग्रामे नरवीराणां तन्ममाचक्ष्व संजय
M. N. Dutt: O Sanjaya, relate to me in detail what had happened in the battle that raged between the mighty heroes among men, namely, the Kauravas and their enemies, when Drona was slain.
यथा च कर्णः कौन्तेयैः सह युद्धमयोजयत् यथा च द्विषतां हन्ता रणे शान्तस्तदुच्यताम्
M. N. Dutt: Relate to me also how the sons of Kunti conducted the battle with Karna and do you tell me, again, how that slayer of enemies became quiet (was slain) in battle.