Critical Edition
संजय उवाच भीमसेनं सपाञ्चाल्यं चेदिकेकयसंवृतम् वैकर्तनः स्वयं रुद्ध्वा वारयामास सायकैः
M. N. Dutt: Sanjaya said After this Vaikartana, himself resisting Bhimasena aided by the king of Panchala, Chedi and Kaikeya, showered numberless arrows upon him.
ततस्तु चेदिकारूषान्सृञ्जयांश्च महारथान् कर्णो जघान संक्रुद्धो भीमसेनस्य पश्यतः
M. N. Dutt: Karna killed in the battle many strong carwarriors of the Chedis, Karushas and Srinjayas in the very presence of Bhimasena.
भीमसेनस्ततः कर्णं विहाय रथसत्तमम् प्रययौ कौरवं सैन्यं कक्षमग्निरिव ज्वलन्
M. N. Dutt: Then Bhimasena leaving Karna, the most powerful car-warrior, rushed towards the Kaurava force like a blazing forest fire.
सूतपुत्रोऽपि समरे पाञ्चालान्केकयांस्तथा सृञ्जयांश्च महेष्वासान्निजघान सहस्रशः
M. N. Dutt: The Suta's son too began to slay by thousands the mighty bowmen of the Panchalas, the Kaikeyas and the Srinjayas.
संशप्तकेषु पार्थश्च कौरवेषु वृकोदरः पाञ्चालेषु तथा कर्णः क्षयं चक्रूर्महारथाः
M. N. Dutt: Indeed, the mighty car-warriors Karna, Partha and Vrikodera began to annihilate the Panchalas, Samasaptakas and Kauravas respectively.
ते क्षत्रिया दह्यमानास्त्रिभिस्तैः पावकोपमैः जग्मुर्विनाशं समरे राजन्दुर्मन्त्रिते तव
M. N. Dutt: For your bad policy, O king, all these Kshatriyas, burnt down, as it were, by those three heroes resembling three burning flames, got exterminated.
ततो दुर्योधनः क्रुद्धो नकुलं नवभिः शरैः विव्याध भरतश्रेष्ठ चतुरश्चास्य वाजिनः
M. N. Dutt: Thereupon, O foremost of the Bharatas, Duryodhana, being enraged, pierced Nakula and the four holes of his car with nine arrows.
ततः पुनरमेयात्मा तव पुत्रो जनाधिपः क्षुरेण सहदेवस्य ध्वजं चिच्छेद काञ्चनम्
M. N. Dutt: Then again, O lord of men, your highly energetic son cut down the golden standard of Shahadeva with a razor.
नकुलस्तु ततः क्रुद्धस्तव पुत्रं त्रिसप्तभिः जघान समरे राजन्सहदेवश्च पञ्चभिः
M. N. Dutt: Nakula then, O king, being greatly enraged, struck you son with seventy three arrows and Sahadeva with five. Filled with anger he struck.
तावुभौ भरतश्रेष्ठौ श्रेष्ठौ सर्वधनुष्मताम् विव्याधोरसि संक्रुद्धः पञ्चभिः पञ्चभिः शरैः
M. N. Dutt: Then both of those great warriors of the Bharata race and the foremost of bowmen, on the breast with five arrows each.
ततोऽपराभ्यां भल्लाभ्यां धनुषी समकृन्तत यमयोः प्रहसन्राजन्विव्याधैव च सप्तभिः
M. N. Dutt: Then he cut-off the bows of both of those two warriors with two of his broad-pointed arrows and suddenly, O king he pierced both of them with twenty-one arrows.
तावन्ये धनुषी श्रेष्ठे शक्रचापनिभे शुभे प्रगृह्य रेजतुः शूरौ देवपुत्रसमौ युधि
M. N. Dutt: Each of them, taking up two beautiful bows resembling those of Indra's looked very graceful like two celestial youths in the battlefield.
ततस्तौ रभसौ युद्धे भ्रातरौ भ्रातरं नृप शरैर्ववर्षतुर्घोरैर्महामेघौ यथाचलम्
M. N. Dutt: Then, O king, those two brothers, greatly active in battle, began to throw terrible shafts in ceaseless torrents upon their cousins like two great masses of thick clouds pouring their contents on the hills.
ततः क्रुद्धो महाराज तव पुत्रो महारथः पाण्डुपुत्रौ महेष्वासौ वारयामास पत्रिभिः
M. N. Dutt: Thereupon, O king, your son, the great carwarrior, being greatly enraged resisted those the rays twin sons of Pandu, the great bowmen, with numberless arrows.
धनुर्मण्डलमेवास्य दृश्यते युधि भारत सायकाश्चैव दृश्यन्ते निश्चरन्तः समन्ततः
M. N. Dutt: The bow of your son, O Bharata, was repeatedly drawn to a circle and the arrows were ceaselessly issued from it towards all directions covered with Duryodhana's arrows those sons of Pandu ceased to shine brightly as the sun and the moon lose their splendour when enveloped with a mass of dark clouds. Indeed, O king, those gold-winged arrows, sharpened on stone, covered all the sides like of the sun.
तस्य सायकसंछन्नौ चकाशेतां च पाण्डवौ मेघच्छन्नौ यथा व्योम्नि चन्द्रसूर्यौ हतप्रभौ
AI Translation: The two Pāṇḍavas were covered with his arrows, like the sun and moon in the sky, obscured by clouds, their brilliance destroyed.
ते तु बाणा महाराज हेमपुङ्खाः शिलाशिताः आच्छादयन्दिशः सर्वाः सूर्यस्येवांशवस्तदा
AI Translation: Those arrows, great king, with gold-feathered shafts and sharpened on stone, obscured all directions, like the rays of the sun at that time.
बाणभूते ततस्तस्मिन्संछन्ने च नभस्तले यमाभ्यां ददृशे रूपं कालान्तकयमोपमम्
M. N. Dutt: When the firinament was thus covered and the whole sky looked like a sheet of arrows the twin brothers appeared like the destroyer himself.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.18 After 18ab, Dn1 ins.: *508 नकुलः सहदेवश्च क्रोधं तीव्रं समास्थितौ तां बाणवृष्टिं राज्ञस्तु शरैः शतसहस्रभिः (sic) छादयामासतुरुभौ बाणौघैस्तनयं तव ततस्तयोर्महाराज सृजतोरनिशं शरान्
पराक्रमं तु तं दृष्ट्वा तव सूनोर्महारथाः मृत्योरुपान्तिकं प्राप्तौ माद्रीपुत्रौ स्म मेनिरे
M. N. Dutt: But, on the other hand, beholding the valour of your son all the car-warriors took the twin sons of Madri to be at the point of death.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.19 After 19ab, Dn1 ins.: *509 क्रोधमास्थाय परमं निःश्वसंश्च यथोरगः बाणान्धकारं ससृजे तव पुत्रस्तयोस्तदा
ततः सेनापती राजन्पाण्डवस्य महात्मनः पार्षतः प्रययौ तत्र यत्र राजा सुयोधनः
M. N. Dutt: Then, O king, the mighty car-warrior Parsata, the commander of the Pandava army, went towards the direction of Suyodhana (Duryodhana).
माद्रीपुत्रौ ततः शूरौ व्यतिक्रम्य महारथौ धृष्टद्युम्नस्तव सुतं ताडयामास सायकैः
M. N. Dutt: Violating the regimental order of those two great car-warriors, the two brave sons of Madri, Dhristadyumna began to oppose your son with his arrows.
तमविध्यदमेयात्मा तव पुत्रोऽत्यमर्षणः पाञ्चाल्यं पञ्चविंशत्या प्रहस्य पुरुषर्षभ
M. N. Dutt: Then that highly energetic hero, your son, the foremost of men, full of revengeful spirit and smiling scoffingły, struck the prince of the Panchalas with twenty-five arrows.
ततः पुनरमेयात्मा पुत्रस्ते पृथिवीपते विद्ध्वा ननाद पाञ्चाल्यं षष्ट्या पञ्चभिरेव च
M. N. Dutt: Again the most energetic son of yours, actuated by the eager desire of taking revenge, struck the Panchala prince once with sixty arrows and again with five and roared aloud.
अथास्य सशरं चापं हस्तावापं च मारिष क्षुरप्रेण सुतीक्ष्णेन राजा चिच्छेद संयुगे
M. N. Dutt: Then the king, O sire, cut-off, in the fight, with his razor-shaped arrow his enemy's bow and the leathern fence with the arrows fixed thereon.
तदपास्य धनुश्छिन्नं पाञ्चाल्यः शत्रुकर्शनः अन्यदादत्त वेगेन धनुर्भारसहं नवम्
M. N. Dutt: Throwing away that broken bow, that oppressor of foes, the prince of Panchala, quickly took up a new and more elastic one.
प्रज्वलन्निव वेगेन संरम्भाद्रुधिरेक्षणः अशोभत महेष्वासो धृष्टद्युम्नः कृतव्रणः
M. N. Dutt: Then that great bowman, Dhristadyumna, with blood-shot eyes, shone on his car like a burning flame.
स पञ्चदश नाराचाञ्श्वसतः पन्नगानिव जिघांसुर्भरतश्रेष्ठं धृष्टद्युम्नो व्यवासृजत्
M. N. Dutt: Then, O chief of Bharatas, the hero Dhristadyumna, bent bent upon killing him, discharged fifteen sharp shafts, called Narachas, which looked like hissing serpents.
ते वर्म हेमविकृतं भित्त्वा राज्ञः शिलाशिताः विविशुर्वसुधां वेगात्कङ्कबर्हिणवाससः
M. N. Dutt: These shafts, set with the feathers of Kanka's (peacocks') and sharpened on stone, were discharged with such a force that cutting through the gold bedecked armour of the king, they ran through his body and entered into the earth.
सोऽतिविद्धो महाराज पुत्रस्तेऽतिव्यराजत वसन्ते पुष्पशबलः सपुष्प इव किंशुकः
M. N. Dutt: Being deeply wounded, O king, your son looked exceedingly grand like a Kinshuka tree full of flowers in the spring.
स छिन्नवर्मा नाराचैः प्रहारैर्जर्जरच्छविः धृष्टद्युम्नस्य भल्लेन क्रुद्धश्चिच्छेद कार्मुकम्
M. N. Dutt: His armour being thus cut through and himself being fatigued with the wounds and his feelings being awfully excited he cut-off Dhristadyumna's bow with a broad pointed arrow.
अथैनं छिन्नधन्वानं त्वरमाणो महीपतिः सायकैर्दशभी राजन्भ्रुवोर्मध्ये समार्दयत्
M. N. Dutt: Then, O lord of the earth, the king penetrated ten arrows into the forehead of his assailant whose bow had already been cut-off by him.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.31 D6 ins. after 31: D2 after 31ab: *510 विव्याध विविधैर्बाणैः कालान्तकयमोपमैः
तस्य तेऽशोभयन्वक्त्रं कर्मारपरिमार्जिताः प्रफुल्लं चम्पकं यद्वद्भ्रमरा मधुलिप्सवः
M. N. Dutt: These shafts, polished by the black-smith, looked on the face of Dhristadyumna like so many black bees on a full blown lily desirous of sucking the sweet honey.
तदपास्य धनुश्छिन्नं धृष्टद्युम्नो महामनाः अन्यदादत्त वेगेन धनुर्भल्लांश्च षोडश
M. N. Dutt: Throwing that broken bow aside Dhristadyumna quickly took up another bow and with it sixteen broad-pointed arrows.
ततो दुर्योधनस्याश्वान्हत्वा सूतं च पञ्चभिः धनुश्चिच्छेद भल्लेन जातरूपपरिष्कृतम्
M. N. Dutt: Then with five of these arrows he slew Duryodhana's four horses and his Suta charioteer and with another he cut-off his gilded bow.
रथं सोपस्करं छत्रं शक्तिं खड्गं गदां ध्वजम् भल्लैश्चिच्छेद नवभिः पुत्रस्य तव पार्षतः
M. N. Dutt: And with remaining ten shafts the son of Prishata cut-off the royal umbrella, the spear, the sword, the mace, the car with Upaskara and the flag of your son.
तपनीयाङ्गदं चित्रं नागं मणिमयं शुभम् ध्वजं कुरुपतेश्छिन्नं ददृशुः सर्वपार्थिवाः
M. N. Dutt: Alas, all the chiefs saw the beautiful standard of the Kuru king, adorned with golden Angada and bearing the likeness of an elephant set with jewels, cut-off by Dhristadyumna.
दुर्योधनं तु विरथं छिन्नसर्वायुधं रणे भ्रातरः पर्यरक्षन्त सोदर्या भरतर्षभ
M. N. Dutt: Then, O foremost of the Bharata's race, Duryodhana, thus deprived of all his weapons in the battle, was protected by his brothers.
तमारोप्य रथे राजन्दण्डधारो जनाधिपम् अपोवाह च संभ्रान्तो धृष्टद्युम्नस्य पश्यतः
M. N. Dutt: In the very sight of Dhristadyumna. Dandadhara, taking the king upon his own car, quickly carried him away from the field.
कर्णस्तु सात्यकिं जित्वा राजगृद्धी महाबलः द्रोणहन्तारमुग्रेषुं ससाराभिमुखं रणे
M. N. Dutt: In the meantime, the greatly powerful Karna, having killed Satyaki, proceeded straight on towards the slayer of Drona for the rescue of the Kuru king.
तं पृष्ठतोऽभ्ययात्तूर्णं शैनेयो वितुदञ्शरैः वारणं जघनोपान्ते विषाणाभ्यामिव द्विपः
M. N. Dutt: And the son of Sini speedily pursued him striking him with arrows as an elephant pursues his rival piercing him with his tusks on the rear.
स भारत महानासीद्योधानां सुमहात्मनाम् कर्णपार्षतयोर्मध्ये त्वदीयानां महारणः
M. N. Dutt: Thus, O king, the battle raged furiously amongst these sturdy heroes of both the armies and the spot, lying between Karna and the son of Prishata, grew simply terrifying.
न पाण्डवानां नास्माकं योधः कश्चित्पराङ्मुखः प्रत्यदृश्यत यत्कर्णः पाञ्चालांस्त्वरितो ययौ
M. N. Dutt: Not a single combatant, of either party, turned his face from the field. Karna then rushed towards the Panchala with great speed.
तस्मिन्क्षणे नरश्रेष्ठ गजवाजिनरक्षयः प्रादुरासीदुभयतो राजन्मध्यंगतेऽहनि
M. N. Dutt: Then, O best of men, countless men, horses and elephant of both parties fell just when the sun ascended the meridian.
पाञ्चालास्तु महाराज त्वरिता विजिगीषवः सर्वतोऽभ्यद्रवन्कर्णं पतत्रिण इव द्रुमम्
M. N. Dutt: The Panchalas, O king, desirous of victory, rushed towards Karna as birds flock towards their nest.
तेषामाधिरथिः क्रुद्धो यतमानान्मनस्विनः विचिन्वन्नेव बाणाग्रैः समासादयदग्रतः
AI Translation: The angry son of Adhiratha, the intelligent one, was searching for them, and he found them in front of him, as if with the tips of his arrows.
व्याघ्रकेतुं सुशर्माणं शङ्कुं चोग्रं धनंजयम् शुक्लं च रोचमानं च सिंहसेनं च दुर्जयम्
AI Translation: Vyāghraketa, Suśarman, Śaṅku, Ugra, Dhananjaya, Śukla, Rochamāna, Siṃhaseṇa, and Durjaya,
ते वीरा रथवेगेन परिवव्रुर्नरोत्तमम् सृजन्तं सायकान्क्रुद्धं कर्णमाहवशोभिनम्
M. N. Dutt: All those heroes, quickly driving their cars towards Karna-the glory of the battle field, encompassed him and began to shower their sharp shafts upon that infuriated hero, the foremost of men.
युध्यमानांस्तु ताञ्शूरान्मनुजेन्द्रः प्रतापवान् अष्टाभिरष्टौ राधेयो न्यहनन्निशितैः शरैः
M. N. Dutt: But all those eight heroes who had proceeded to combat that brave hero, the son of Radha, were sorely afflicted by him each with eight piercing arrows.
अथापरान्महाराज सूतपुत्रः प्रतापवान् जघान बहुसाहस्रान्योधान्युद्धविशारदः
M. N. Dutt: Thereupon, O king, the powerful son of charioteer killed thousands of other heroes-all skillful in the manoeuvre of war.
विष्णुं च विष्णुकर्माणं देवापिं भद्रमेव च दण्डं च समरे राजंश्चित्रं चित्रायुधं हरिम्
AI Translation: Viṣṇu, Viṣṇu's deeds, Devāpi, Bhadra, Danda, in battle, king, Citra, Citrāyudha, Hari,
सिंहकेतुं रोचमानं शलभं च महारथम् निजघान सुसंक्रुद्धश्चेदीनां च महारथान्
AI Translation: He killed the great warriors of the Chedis, including Singhkethu, Rochana, and Shalabha the great chariot-warrior.
तेषामाददतः प्राणानासीदाधिरथेर्वपुः शोणिताभ्युक्षिताङ्गस्य रुद्रस्येवोर्जितं महत्
M. N. Dutt: When the son of Adhiratha was engaged in striking those heroes his body, besmeared with blood and swelled with pride and animation, looked like the gigantic form of Rudra himself.
तत्र भारत कर्णेन मातङ्गास्ताडिताः शरैः सर्वतोऽभ्यद्रवन्भीताः कुर्वन्तो महदाकुलम्
M. N. Dutt: Then, O Bharata, the elephants afflicted by Karna's arrows, bolted with fear and caused great commotion in the battle-field.
निपेतुरुर्व्यां समरे कर्णसायकपीडिताः कुर्वन्तो विविधान्नादान्वज्रनुन्ना इवाचलाः
M. N. Dutt: Others, oppressed by Karna's arrows, cried aloud in diverse voice and fell down as do the mountain peaks when struck down with thunder.
गजवाजिमनुष्यैश्च निपतद्भिः समन्ततः रथैश्चावगतैर्मार्गे पर्यस्तीर्यत मेदिनी
M. N. Dutt: The earth, along the trace of Karna's car, was fully strewn with broken cars and carcasses of elephants, horses and men.
नैव भीष्मो न च द्रोणो नाप्यन्ये युधि तावकाः चक्रुः स्म तादृशं कर्म यादृशं वै कृतं रणे
M. N. Dutt: Verily one of the warriors of your army may not even Bhishma or Drona, did ever achieve such an exploit, as was achieved by Karna in the battle.
सूतपुत्रेण नागेषु रथेषु च हयेषु च नरेषु च नरव्याघ्र कृतं स्म कदनं महत्
M. N. Dutt: Suta's son, O most valiant of men, indeed made a havoc amongst the elephants and horses and destroyed the cars and men in countless numbers.
मृगमध्ये यथा सिंहो दृश्यते निर्भयश्चरन् पाञ्चालानां तथा मध्ये कर्णोऽचरदभीतवत्
M. N. Dutt: Like a lion roaming fearlessly among a herd of deer Karna too moved about fcarlessly amongst the Panchalas.
यथा मृगगणांस्त्रस्तान्सिंहो द्रावयते दिशः पाञ्चालानां रथव्रातान्कर्णो द्रावयते तथा
M. N. Dutt: As a lion drives away a herd of timid deer in all directions, so Karna dispelled the crowd of Panchala's cars to all directions.
सिंहास्यं च यथा प्राप्य न जीवन्ति मृगाः क्वचित् तथा कर्णमनुप्राप्य न जीवन्ति महारथाः
M. N. Dutt: And as a stag cam never escape from the black jaws of a lion so even those heroes, who happened to approach Karna, could not return with their lives.
वैश्वानरं यथा दीप्तं दह्यन्ते प्राप्य वै जनाः कर्णाग्निना रणे तद्वद्दग्धा भारत सृञ्जयाः
M. N. Dutt: As men are sure to be burnt down if they approach a blazing fire so even the Srinjayas, O Bharata, were burnt by the flame of Karna when they approached it.
कर्णेन चेदिष्वेकेन पाञ्चालेषु च भारत विश्राव्य नाम निहता बहवः शूरसंमताः
M. N. Dutt: Many proud and well-approved heroes of the Chedis and Panchalas were killed by Karna.
मम चासीन्मनुष्येन्द्र दृष्ट्वा कर्णस्य विक्रमम् नैकोऽप्याधिरथेर्जीवन्पाञ्चाल्यो मोक्ष्यते युधि
M. N. Dutt: Beholding the valour of Karna, O king, I was under the impression that not even a single soul of the Panchalas would escape from the son of Adhiratha in that battle. Indeed the Suta's son repeatedly routed the Panchalas in the battle.
पाञ्चालान्विधमन्संख्ये सूतपुत्रः प्रतापवान् अभ्यधावत संक्रुद्धो धर्मपुत्रं युधिष्ठिरम्
AI Translation: The powerful son of the charioteer, destroying the Panchālas in battle, rushed angrily against Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Dharma.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.64 After 64ab, V1 B4 Dn1 D3.4.7 ins.: *511 पाञ्चालानथ निघ्नन्तं कर्णं दृष्ट्वा महारणे
धृष्टद्युम्नश्च राजानं द्रौपदेयाश्च मारिष परिवव्रुरमित्रघ्नं शतशश्चापरे जनाः
M. N. Dutt: Dhristadyumna, the sons of Droupadi and hundreds of other heroes, O Sire, speedily encompassed the son of Radha, the slayer of foes.
शिखण्डी सहदेवश्च नकुलो नाकुलिस्तथा जनमेजयः शिनेर्नप्ता बहवश्च प्रभद्रकाः
AI Translation: Shikhandi, Sahadeva, Nakula, Nakula's son, Janamejaya, the grandson of Shini, and many of the Prabhadrakas,
एते पुरोगमा भूत्वा धृष्टद्युम्नस्य संयुगे कर्णमस्यन्तमिष्वस्त्रैर्विचेरुरमितौजसः
AI Translation: Having become the leaders in the battle of Dhrishtadyumna, those of unlimited energy roamed around, shooting arrows at Karna.
तांस्तत्राधिरथिः संख्ये चेदिपाञ्चालपाण्डवान् एको बहूनभ्यपतद्गरुत्मन्पन्नगानिव
M. N. Dutt: But the son of Adhiratha, though singlehanded, fell ferociously upon all those Panchalas, Chedis and Pandavas in the encounter just as Garuda falls upon a number of snakes.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.68 After 68ab, T2 ins.: *512 सात्यकिं च महाराज नात्यवर्तत संयुगे After 68, N (Dn1 om. from line 3 up to 69ab) ins.: *513 तैः कर्णस्याभवद्युद्धं घोररूपं विशां पते तादृग्यादृक्पुरा वृत्तं देवानां दानवैः सह तान्समेतान्महेष्वासाञ्शरवर्षौघवर्षिणः एकोऽभ्यभवदव्यग्रस्तमांसीव दिवाकरः
भीमसेनस्तु संक्रुद्धः कुरून्मद्रान्सकेकयान् एकः संख्ये महेष्वासो योधयन्बह्वशोभत
AI Translation: But Bhimasena, enraged, fought with the Kurus, the Madras and the Kekayas. That great archer, alone in battle, fought with many and looked splendid.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.69 After 69ab, N (D2 after line 2 of 513*) ins.: *514 सर्वतोऽभ्यहनत्क्रुद्धो यमदण्डनिभैः शरैः बाह्लीकान्केकयान्मत्स्यान्वासात्यान्मद्रसैन्धवान्
तत्र मर्मसु भीमेन नाराचैस्ताडिता गजाः प्रपतन्तो हतारोहाः कम्पयन्ति स्म मेदिनीम्
M. N. Dutt: The earth itself began to tremble with the violence of the fall of the huge elephants struck fatally with the awful arrows of Bhimasena in the vital parts of their riders shot dead.
वाजिनश्च हतारोहाः पत्तयश्च गतासवः शेरते युधि निर्भिन्ना वमन्तो रुधिरं बहु
M. N. Dutt: Many horses also, with their riders slain and many of the infantries lay down dead pierced with arrows and vomiting blood and bleeding profusely.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.71 After 71, T1.2 G M1 ins.: *515 ताडिताः सहसा नागा भीमसेनेन मारिष निपतन्ति स्म वेगेन वज्ररुग्णा इवाचलाः T1.2 G M1 cont.: M2-4 ins. after 71: *516 निहतैस्तैर्महाराज वेगवद्भिर्महागजैः शुशुभे वसुधा राजन्विकीर्णैरिव पर्वतैः
सहस्रशश्च रथिनः पतिताः पतितायुधाः अक्षताः समदृश्यन्त भीमाद्भीता गतासवः
M. N. Dutt: Thousands of car-warriors, deprived of their arms, lay senseless through the fear of Bhima and inany lay dead, their bodies mangled with wounds.
रथिभिर्वाजिभिः सूतैः पत्तिभिश्च तथा गजैः भीमसेनशरच्छिन्नैरास्तीर्णा वसुधाभवत्
M. N. Dutt: Dead bodies of elephants and their drivers, horses and riders, cars and car-warriors and foot soldiers shot dead by Bhimasena, literally covered the battle-field.
तत्स्तम्भितमिवातिष्ठद्भीमसेनबलार्दितम् दुर्योधनबलं राजन्निरुत्साहं कृतव्रणम्
AI Translation: It stood as if paralysed, afflicted by the force of Bhimasena. The army of Duryodhana, O king, was without enthusiasm, with wounds.
निश्चेष्टं तुमुले दीनं बभौ तस्मिन्महारणे प्रसन्नसलिलः काले यथा स्यात्सागरो नृप
AI Translation: In that great battle, he was motionless, agitated, and distressed. Like the ocean at the right time, with clear water, O king.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.75 After 75, K4 V1 B Da1 Dn1 D1.3-5.7 ins.: *517 तद्वत्तव बलं तद्वै निश्चलं समवस्थितम्
मन्युवीर्यबलोपेतं बलात्पर्यवरोपितम् अभवत्तव पुत्रस्य तत्सैन्यमिषुभिस्तदा रुधिरौघपरिक्लिन्नं रुधिरार्द्रं बभूव ह
AI Translation: Endowed with anger, valor, and strength, it was forcibly placed there. At that time, your son's army became covered with arrows. It was drenched with a flood of blood
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.76 After 76cd, K4 V1 B Da1 Dn1 D1-5.7 S ins.: *518 तद्बलं भरतश्रेष्ठ वध्यमानं परस्परम् After 76, Ś K B (except B5) D3.4.7.8 M1 ins.: *519 जगाम भरतश्रेष्ठ वध्यमानं परस्परम्
सूतपुत्रो रणे क्रुद्धः पाण्डवानामनीकिनीम् भीमसेनः कुरूंश्चापि द्रावयन्बह्वशोभत
M. N. Dutt: Suta's son, filled with anger, routed the Pandava army while the enraged Bhimasena routed the Kurus. And both the heroes thus engaged looked exceedingly beautiful.
वर्तमाने तथा रौद्रे संग्रामेऽद्भुतदर्शने निहत्य पृतनामध्ये संशप्तकगणान्बहून्
M. N. Dutt: In that extremely fierce and awe-inspiring battle, Arjuna, that foremost of victorious heroes, having killed a large number of Samasaptakas in the very heart of their array,
अर्जुनो जयतां श्रेष्ठो वासुदेवमथाब्रवीत् प्रभग्नं बलमेतद्धि योत्स्यमानं जनार्दन
AI Translation: Arjuna, the best of the victorious, then spoke to Vasudeva: "This army, O Janardana, is broken up, though it was ready to fight."
एते धावन्ति सगणाः संशप्तकमहारथाः अपारयन्तो मद्बाणान्सिंहशब्दान्मृगा इव
AI Translation: These are running with their armies, the great warriors of the Sañjaya confederacy, Avoiding my arrows, like deer at the sound of a lion.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.80 After 80ab, T G ins.: *520 दुर्जया ह्येव समरे देवैरपि सवासवैः After 80, T G ins.: *521 कुरवश्चापि धावन्ति भीमसेनभयार्दिताः
दीर्यते च महत्सैन्यं सृञ्जयानां महारणे हस्तिकक्ष्यो ह्यसौ कृष्ण केतुः कर्णस्य धीमतः दृश्यते राजसैन्यस्य मध्ये विचरतो मुहुः
M. N. Dutt: And even the vast force of the Srinjayas appears to give way in this great battle. There in the midst of Yudhishthira's division, the banner, of the highly intelligent Karna, bearing the device of an elephant is seen to move about with great activity.
न च कर्णं रणे शक्ता जेतुमन्ये महारथाः जानीते हि भवान्कर्णं वीर्यवन्तं पराक्रमे
M. N. Dutt: O Janardana, You are well aware of Karna's energy and prowess. No other warrior of our army is capable of conquering Karna.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.82 After 82ab, T G ins.: *522 दुर्जया ह्येष समरे देवदानवराक्षसैः
तत्र याहि यतः कर्णो द्रावयत्येष नो बलम्
AI Translation: Go there, where Karna is routing our army.
वर्जयित्वा रणे याहि सूतपुत्रं महारथम् श्रमो मा बाधते कृष्ण यथा वा तव रोचते
AI Translation: Avoid fighting with the son of the charioteer, the great warrior, and go. O Krishna, may fatigue not trouble you, as you wish.
एतच्छ्रुत्वा महाराज गोविन्दः प्रहसन्निव अब्रवीदर्जुनं तूर्णं कौरवाञ्जहि पाण्डव
M. N. Dutt: Hearing these words of his, Govind smiled and addressing Arjuna said-"O son of Pandu, go on killing the Kauravas indiscriminately."
ततस्तव महत्सैन्यं गोविन्दप्रेरिता हयाः हंसवर्णाः प्रविविशुर्वहन्तः कृष्णपाण्डवौ
M. N. Dutt: Then those swan white horses, driven by Krishna, penetrated into your strong array bearing both Krishna and himself and the son of Pandu.
केशवप्रहितैरश्वैः श्वेतैः काञ्चनभूषणैः प्रविशद्भिस्तव बलं चतुर्दिशमभिद्यत
M. N. Dutt: And your host gave way on all sides as those two white animals bedecked with golden trappings entered into its midst led by Keshava.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.87 After 87, N ins.: *523 मेघस्तनितनिर्ह्रादः स रथो वानरध्वजः चलत्पताकस्तां सेनां विमानं द्यामिवाविशत
तौ विदार्य महासेनां प्रविष्टौ केशवार्जुनौ क्रुद्धौ संरम्भरक्ताक्षौ व्यभ्राजेतां महाद्युती
M. N. Dutt: When cutting through the vast army, Keshava and Arjuna entered the arena with their eyes blooded with anger they looked exceedingly splendid and resplendent.
युद्धशौण्डौ समाहूतावरिभिस्तौ रणाध्वरम् यज्वभिर्विधिनाहूतौ मखे देवाविवाश्विनौ
M. N. Dutt: Taking great delight in battle and accepting the challenge of the Kurus when those two heroes came to the field they looked like the w twin gods Ashvinis invoked with proper rites in a sacrifice by the priests.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.89 After 89, S ins.: *524 क्रोधताम्रेक्षणौ शूरौ शुशुभाते महाबलौ मदोत्कटौ यथा नागौ दृष्टिसंचारचारिणौ
क्रुद्धौ तौ तु नरव्याघ्रौ वेगवन्तौ बभूवतुः तलशब्देन रुषितौ यथा नागौ महाहवे
M. N. Dutt: Those two enraged heroes of tigerish fierceness grew extremely violent in their moments like two elephants excited at the claps of hunters in a deep forest.
विगाहन्स रथानीकमश्वसंघांश्च फल्गुनः व्यचरत्पृतनामध्ये पाशहस्त इवान्तकः
M. N. Dutt: Penetrating into the midst of those cars and horses drawn in array Phalguna move about like the destroyer himself armed with his fatal noose.
तं दृष्ट्वा युधि विक्रान्तं सेनायां तव भारत संशप्तकगणान्भूयः पुत्रस्ते समचोदयत्
M. N. Dutt: Beholding him displaying such courage within his own army, O Bharata, your son tried once more to stir up the Samasaptakas against him.
ततो रथसहस्रेण द्विरदानां त्रिभिः शतैः चतुर्दशसहस्रैश्च तुरगाणां महाहवे
AI Translation: Then with a thousand chariots, with three hundred elephants, and with fourteen thousand horses in the great battle,
द्वाभ्यां शतसहस्राभ्यां पदातीनां च धन्विनाम् शूराणां नामलब्धानां विदितानां समन्ततः अभ्यवर्तन्त तौ वीरौ छादयन्तो महारथाः
AI Translation: With two hundred thousand foot soldiers and archers, the brave ones who had attained fame and were known everywhere, those two heroes advanced, covering the great chariots.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.94 After 94cd, G ins.: *525 दुर्योधनेन ते सार्धं जातवेगाः समन्ततः After 94, K4 V1 B Da1 D1.3-5.7 ins.: *526 शरवर्षैर्महाराज सर्वतः पाण्डुनन्दनम्
स छाद्यमानः समरे शरैः परबलार्दनः दर्शयन्रौद्रमात्मानं पाशहस्त इवान्तकः निघ्नन्संशप्तकान्पार्थः प्रेक्षणीयतरोऽभवत्
M. N. Dutt: Covered with arrows Partha, that repressor of foes, in fight, looked exceedingly fearful like the destroyer himself with the noose in his hand, but he grew still more fierce and worth looking at when he began to kill the Samasaptakas.
ततो विद्युत्प्रभैर्बाणैः कार्तस्वरविभूषितैः निरन्तरमिवाकाशमासीन्नुन्नैः किरीटिना
M. N. Dutt: Thereupon the sky became enveloped with the arrows mounted with gold and possessed of the lustre of the lightning that were being constantly discharged by Kiriti (Arjuna).
किरीटिभुजनिर्मुक्तैः संपतद्भिर्महाशरैः समाच्छन्नं बभौ सर्वं काद्रवेयैरिव प्रभो
M. N. Dutt: Indeed those arrows, that were ceaselessly being discharged by Arjuna, falling on all sides looked, O lord, as if so many snakes were lying all around.
रुक्मपुङ्खान्प्रसन्नाग्राञ्शरान्संनतपर्वणः अदर्शयदमेयात्मा दिक्षु सर्वासु पाण्डवः
M. N. Dutt: The immeasurably energetic son of Pandu sent out his straight and sharp-pointed shafts towards all directions.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.98 After 98, N T G ins.: *527 मही वियद्दिशः सर्वाः समुद्रा गिरयोऽपि वा स्फुटन्तीति जना जज्ञुः पार्थस्य तलनिस्वनात्
हत्वा दश सहस्राणि पार्थिवानां महारथः संशप्तकानां कौन्तेयः प्रपक्षं त्वरितोऽभ्ययात्
M. N. Dutt: Having killed ten thousand of the chiefs, that great car-warrior the son of Kunti proceeded rapidly to the further end of the Samasaptakas array.
प्रपक्षं स समासाद्य पार्थः काम्बोजरक्षितम् प्रममाथ बलाद्बाणैर्दानवानिव वासवः
M. N. Dutt: Approaching the wing which was being defended by Kamboja he began to harass the troops by his powerful arrows as Vasava had harassed the Danavas.
प्रचिच्छेदाशु भल्लैश्च द्विषतामाततायिनाम् शस्त्रपाणींस्तथा बाहूंस्तथापि च शिरांस्युत
M. N. Dutt: With his broad-headed arrows he began to chop off quickly the heads, thighs and arms with weapon in the grasp of his rivals who were desirous of killing him.
अङ्गाङ्गावयवैश्छिन्नैर्व्यायुधास्तेऽपतन्क्षितौ विष्वग्वाताभिसंभग्ना बहुशाखा इव द्रुमाः
M. N. Dutt: Deprived of all the limbs and weapons they began to fall down on earth like large trees of many big boughs hurled down by a hurricane.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.102 After 102, M2-4 ins.: *528 काम्बोजस्तु ततः क्रुद्धो दृष्ट्वा पार्थं महारथम्
हस्त्यश्वरथपत्तीनां व्रातान्निघ्नन्तमर्जुनम् सुदक्षिणादवरजः शरवृष्ट्याभ्यवीवृषत्
M. N. Dutt: The younger brother of Sudakshina, the king of Kamboja started shooting volley of arrows on Arjuna, the great warrior capable of killing numerous cluster of elephants, horses, chariots and infantry soldiers.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.103 After 103ab, M2-4 ins.: *529 अचोदयत यन्तारमर्जुनायैव मां वह ततस्तं रथिनां श्रेष्ठं बहुदक्षिणमाहवे अर्जुनस्य रथं क्षिप्रं प्रापयामास सारथिः ततोऽर्जुनं त्रिभिर्बाणैर्विद्ध्वा भारसहैर्युधि केशवं नवभी राजन्बाह्वोरुरसि चापर्यत् ततः क्रुद्धो महाराज पाण्डवः परवीरहा
अस्यास्यतोऽर्धचन्द्राभ्यां स बाहू परिघोपमौ पूर्णचन्द्राभवक्त्रं च क्षुरेणाभ्यहनच्छिरः
M. N. Dutt: Arjuna then cut-off the two arms of his assailant with a pair of crescent-shaped arrows and then with razor-headed arrow he knocked down his head containing a face as beautiful as the full moon.
स पपात ततो वाहात्स्वलोहितपरिस्रवः मनःशिलागिरेः शृङ्गं वज्रेणेवावदारितम्
M. N. Dutt: His like extinguished, the body bathed in blood fell down from his car like the summit of Manashila mountain clapped down by a thunder-bolt.
सुदक्षिणादवरजं काम्बोजं ददृशुर्हतम् प्रांशुं कमलपत्राक्षमत्यर्थं प्रियदर्शनम् काञ्चनस्तम्भसंकाशं भिन्नं हेमगिरिं यथा
M. N. Dutt: When this most beautiful and handsomelooking young man, the younger brother of Sudakshina and chief of the Kambojas whose beautiful and lovely eyes could be compared with the lotus-petals, lay down dead on the ground it appeared as if the summit of the golden Sumeru was tumbled down on earth.
ततोऽभवत्पुनर्युद्धं घोरमद्भुतदर्शनम् नानावस्थाश्च योधानां बभूवुस्तत्र युध्यताम्
M. N. Dutt: And the battle, that was fought after this, was exceedingly terrible and awe-inspiring and the fate of each of the fighting combatants changed repeatedly.
एतेष्वावर्जितैरश्वैः काम्बोजैर्यवनैः शकैः शोणिताक्तैस्तदा रक्तं सर्वमासीद्विशां पते
M. N. Dutt: All the heroes of the Kambojas, Yavanas and the Sakas were killed by one arrow each and their bleeding bodies, O king, gave the battle-field the look of a vast expanse of red.
रथै रथाश्वसूतैश्च हतारोहैश्च वाजिभिः द्विरदैश्च हतारोहैर्महामात्रैर्हतद्विपैः अन्योन्येन महाराज कृतो घोरो जनक्षयः
M. N. Dutt: The car-warriors were deprived of their steeds and drivers, elephants and horses lost their riders; many riders and drivers lost their horses and elephants; and thus fighting with one another, O king, a great loss of lives took place.
तस्मिन्प्रपक्षे पक्षे च वध्यमाने महात्मना अर्जुनं जयतां श्रेष्ठं त्वरितो द्रौणिराययौ
AI Translation: When that army was being slaughtered by the great-souled one, Drona's son quickly approached Arjuna, the best of victors.
विधुन्वानो महच्चापं कार्तस्वरविभूषितम् आददानः शरान्घोरान्स्वरश्मीनिव भास्करः
AI Translation: Wielding a great bow adorned with gold, Taking up terrible arrows like the sun's rays,
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.111 After 111, Ś K1.2.4 V1 B D ins.: *530 क्रोधामर्षविवृत्तास्यो लोहिताक्षो बभौ बली अन्तकाले यथा क्रुद्धो मृत्युः किंकरदण्डभृत् ततः प्रासृजदुग्राणि शरवर्षाणि संघशः तैर्विसृष्टैर्महाराज व्यद्रवत्पाण्डवी चमूः स दृष्ट्वैव तु दाशार्हं स्यन्दनस्थं विशां पते पुनः प्रासृजदुग्राणि शरवर्षाणि मारिष On the other hand, S ins. after 111: *531 तयोरासीन्महद्युद्धं धर्मभ्रात्रोरनैष्ठिकम् विसिष्मापयिषोर्लोकं यशश्चोत्तममिच्छतोः संशप्तकांस्तु कौन्तेयः कुरूंश्चापि वृकोदरः सूतपुत्रस्तु पाञ्चालान्भूयोऽघ्नंस्त्वरिताः शरैः एवमेष महाराज विनाशः पृथिवीक्षिताम् आसीत्क्रुद्धेऽर्जुने कर्णे भीमसेने च दारुणे T2.3 G2.3 M1 cont.: *532 युद्धं घोरं तथा त्वासीत्त्रिधाभूते चमूमुखे
तैः पतद्भिर्महाराज द्रौणिमुक्तैः समन्ततः संछादितौ रथस्थौ तावुभौ कृष्णधनंजयौ
M. N. Dutt: And their dangerous arrows discharged by Drona's son, O king, falling on Krishna and Dhananjaya, entirely enshrouded both of them on their car.
ततः शरशतैस्तीक्ष्णैर्भारद्वाजः प्रतापवान् निश्चेष्टौ तावुभौ चक्रे युद्धे माधवपाण्डवौ
M. N. Dutt: And thus the violent Ashvatthama, with hundreds of keen arrows, put both Madhava and Pandu's son into utter confusion.
हाहाकृतमभूत्सर्वं जङ्गमं स्थावरं तथा चराचरस्य गोप्तारौ दृष्ट्वा संछादितौ शरैः
M. N. Dutt: Beholding those two guardians of the world, thus covered with arrows, the creation sent forth piteous cries of woe.
सिद्धचारणसंघाश्च संपेतुर्वै समन्ततः चिन्तयन्तो भवेदद्य लोकानां स्वस्त्यपीत्यह
M. N. Dutt: There hordes of Siddhas and Charanas poured in form every direction all solicitous of common weal for the day.
न मया तादृशो राजन्दृष्टपूर्वः पराक्रमः संजज्ञे यादृशो द्रौणेः कृष्णौ संछादयिष्यतः
M. N. Dutt: Never before, O monarch, did I witness such prodigies of valor like those displayed by Drouni when shrouding Krishna and Arjuna in the field.
द्रौणेस्तु धनुषः शब्दमहितत्रासनं रणे अश्रौषं बहुशो राजन्सिंहस्य नदतो यथा
M. N. Dutt: Often and often did I hear in that battle, O king, the din of Drouni's volleys, thundering roars of lion to the consternation of the enemy.
ज्या चास्य चरतो युद्धे सव्यदक्षिणमस्यतः विद्युदम्बुदमध्यस्था भ्राजमानेव साभवत्
M. N. Dutt: Flinging his shots right and left as he moved round the field, the string of his bow shone like flashes of lightning sparkling amidst the cloudy heavens.
स तथा क्षिप्रकारी च दृढहस्तश्च पाण्डवः संमोहं परमं गत्वा प्रैक्षत द्रोणजं ततः
AI Translation: That Pandava, who was quick in action and firm in hand, became extremely confused and then looked at Drona's son.
स विक्रमं हृतं मेने आत्मनः सुमहात्मना तथास्य समरे राजन्वपुरासीत्सुदुर्दृशम्
AI Translation: He thought that his valour had been taken away by the very noble one. And his body was very difficult to see in the battle, O king.
द्रौणिपाण्डवयोरेवं वर्तमाने महारणे वर्धमाने च राजेन्द्र द्रोणपुत्रे महाबले हीयमाने च कौन्तेये कृष्णं रोषः समभ्ययात्
M. N. Dutt: In that deadly conflict between Drouni and the Pandava, O king of kings Krishna, seeing the powerful son of Drona get the better of the son of Kunti, became highly infuriated.
स रोषान्निःश्वसन्राजन्निर्दहन्निव चक्षुषा द्रौणिं ह्यपश्यत्संग्रामे फल्गुनं च मुहुर्मुहुः
M. N. Dutt: With inflamed eyes and swelling breath, frequently he cast his eyes towards. Ashvatthama and Phalguna, devouring them, as it were, with the fury of his fire.
ततः क्रुद्धोऽब्रवीत्कृष्णः पार्थं सप्रणयं तदा अत्यद्भुतमिदं पार्थ तव पश्यामि संयुगे अतिशेते हि यत्र त्वा द्रोणपुत्रोऽद्य भारत
M. N. Dutt: The indignant Krishna then addressing Partha in an endearing tone and said-O Partha, what a strange part of, see, you play in the field? O son of Bharata, Drona's son overcoming you today in battle!
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.123 V1 B4.5 D (except D8) ins. after 123: T G2.3 M after 124a: *533 कच्चिद्वीर्यं यथापूर्वं भुजयोर्वा बलं तव
कच्चित्ते गाण्डिवं हस्ते रथे तिष्ठसि चार्जुन कच्चित्कुशलिनौ बाहू कच्चिद्वीर्यं तदेव ते
AI Translation: Are you holding the Gandiva bow in your hand? Are you standing on your chariot, Arjuna? Are your arms well? Is your valour still the same?
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.124 K4 V1 B (except B3) D (except D8) ins. after 124: T G2.3 M after 533*: *534 उदीर्यमाणं हि रणे पश्यामि द्रौणिमाहवे गुरुपुत्र इति ह्येनं मानयन्भरतर्षभ उपेक्षां कुरु मा पार्थ नायं काल उपेक्षितुम्
एवमुक्तस्तु कृष्णेन क्षिप्त्वा भल्लांश्चतुर्दश त्वरमाणस्त्वराकाले द्रौणेर्धनुरथाच्छिनत् ध्वजं छत्रं पताकां च रथं शक्तिं गदां तथा
M. N. Dutt: Hearing those words Arjuna just on the nick of time seizing fourteen Bhallas (arrows, with crescent-shaped heads) darted them off, piercing right through his weapons, chariot, standard and umbrella and dismantling Ashvatthama of his equipment's, bows, darts and all. He (Arjuna), then assailing him (Ashvatthama) with calf-toothed arrows.
जत्रुदेशे च सुभृशं वत्सदन्तैरताडयत् स मूर्च्छां परमां गत्वा ध्वजयष्टिं समाश्रितः
AI Translation: He struck him hard on the chest with the tips of his horns. He fell unconscious and leaned against the flagpole.
तं विसंज्ञं महाराज किरीटिभयपीडितम् अपोवाह रणात्सूतो रक्षमाणो धनंजयात्
AI Translation: That one, unconscious, great king, afflicted by fear of Kirīti, was carried away from the battlefield by the charioteer, protecting him from Dhananjaya.
एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु विजयः शत्रुतापनः न्यवधीत्तावकं सैन्यं शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः पश्यतस्तव पुत्रस्य तस्य वीरस्य भारत
M. N. Dutt: O Bharata, In the meanwhile, that scorcher of enemy, Vijay, before the very eyes of your valiant son slaughtered your army by hundreds and thousands.
एवमेष क्षयो वृत्तस्तावकानां परैः सह क्रूरो विशसनो घोरो राजन्दुर्मन्त्रिते तव
M. N. Dutt: Thus, O monarch, owing to your evil counsels such a ruthless slaughter with cruel onslaught of your champions was brought about as these knights presented arms to your foe.
संशप्तकांश्च कौन्तेयः कुरूंश्चापि वृकोदरः वसुषेणं च पाञ्चालः कृत्स्नेन व्यधमद्रणे
M. N. Dutt: Arjuna then in the twinkle of an eye beset the Samasaptakas, while Vrikodara attacked the Kurus and Karna attacked the Panchalas.
Supplementary Passages:
8.40.130 Ś K1.2.4 V1 B D ins. after 130: K3 after 108a: *535 वर्तमाने तथा रौद्रे राजन्वीरवरक्षये उत्थितान्यगणेयानि कबन्धानि समन्ततः युधिष्ठिरोऽपि संग्रामे प्रहारैर्गाढवेदनः क्रोशमात्रमपक्रम्य तस्थौ भरतसत्तम