Critical Edition
जनमेजय उवाच देवानां दानवानां च यक्षाणामथ रक्षसाम् अन्येषां चैव भूतानां सर्वेषां भगवन्नहम्
AI Translation: Janamejaya said: Of the gods, demons, Yakshas, Rakshasas, and other beings, O Lord, I wish to hear,
Supplementary Passages:
1.61.1 After 1ab, Ñ2.3 V1 B D (except D5) ins.: *554 सिंहव्याघ्रमृगाणां च पन्नगानां पतत्रिणाम्
श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वेन मानुषेषु महात्मनाम् जन्म कर्म च भूतानामेतेषामनुपूर्वशः
AI Translation: I desire to hear the truth about the great souls among men, the birth and deeds of these beings, in due order.
वैशंपायन उवाच मानुषेषु मनुष्येन्द्र संभूता ये दिवौकसः प्रथमं दानवांश्चैव तांस्ते वक्ष्यामि सर्वशः
AI Translation: Vaishampāyana said: O lord of men, I shall now tell you about the gods who were born among men, and also about the demons.
विप्रचित्तिरिति ख्यातो य आसीद्दानवर्षभः जरासंध इति ख्यातः स आसीन्मनुजर्षभः
AI Translation: He who was the bull of the demons, known as Viprachitta, He who was the bull of men, known as Jarasandha,
दितेः पुत्रस्तु यो राजन्हिरण्यकशिपुः स्मृतः स जज्ञे मानुषे लोके शिशुपालो नरर्षभः
AI Translation: The son of Diti, who is remembered as Hiranyakasipu, was born in the human world as Shishupala, the bull among men.
संह्राद इति विख्यातः प्रह्रादस्यानुजस्तु यः स शल्य इति विख्यातो जज्ञे बाह्लीकपुंगवः
AI Translation: The younger brother of Prahrada, known as Sahrada, was born as the bull of the Bahlika clan, known as Shalya.
अनुह्रादस्तु तेजस्वी योऽभूत्ख्यातो जघन्यजः धृष्टकेतुरिति ख्यातः स आसीन्मनुजेश्वरः
AI Translation: The youngest son, who was known as Anuhrada, was very bright. The king who was known as Dhristaketu was the lord of men.
यस्तु राजञ्शिबिर्नाम दैतेयः परिकीर्तितः द्रुम इत्यभिविख्यातः स आसीद्भुवि पार्थिवः
AI Translation: O king, the Daitya named Shibi is well-known. He was a king on earth, known as Druma.
बाष्कलो नाम यस्तेषामासीदसुरसत्तमः भगदत्त इति ख्यातः स आसीन्मनुजेश्वरः
AI Translation: The best of the demons was named Bāṣkali. The famous king Bhagadatta was a lord of men.
अयःशिरा अश्वशिरा अयःशङ्कुश्च वीर्यवान् तथा गगनमूर्धा च वेगवांश्चात्र पञ्चमः
M. N. Dutt: The five powerful and swift Asuras, namely Ayahshira, Ashvashira, Ayahshanku, Gaganmurdha and Vegavan,
पञ्चैते जज्ञिरे राजन्वीर्यवन्तो महासुराः केकयेषु महात्मानः पार्थिवर्षभसत्तमाः
M. N. Dutt: O king, these powerful great Asuras were all born in the illustrious dynasty of Kekaya and became great kings.
केतुमानिति विख्यातो यस्ततोऽन्यः प्रतापवान् अमितौजा इति ख्यातः पृथिव्यां सोऽभवन्नृपः
M. N. Dutt: The mighty Asura, who was known as Ketuman, became the king Amitauja of terrible deeds.
स्वर्भानुरिति विख्यातः श्रीमान्यस्तु महासुरः उग्रसेन इति ख्यात उग्रकर्मा नराधिपः
M. N. Dutt: The great and fortunate Asura, who was known as Svarbhanu, became the king Ugrasena of fearful deeds.
यस्त्वश्व इति विख्यातः श्रीमानासीन्महासुरः अशोको नाम राजासीन्महावीर्यपराक्रमः
M. N. Dutt: The great and fortunate Asura who was known as Ashva, became the invincible king Ashoka of great prowess.
तस्मादवरजो यस्तु राजन्नश्वपतिः स्मृतः दैतेयः सोऽभवद्राजा हार्दिक्यो मनुजर्षभः
M. N. Dutt: O king, that son of Diti, the younger brother of Ashva, who was known as Ashvapati, became the mighty king Hardikya.
वृषपर्वेति विख्यातः श्रीमान्यस्तु महासुरः दीर्घप्रज्ञ इति ख्यातः पृथिव्यां सोऽभवन्नृपः
M. N. Dutt: The great and fortunate Asura who was known as Vishaparva, became king Dhirghaprajna on earth.
अजकस्त्वनुजो राजन्य आसीद्वृषपर्वणः स मल्ल इति विख्यातः पृथिव्यामभवन्नृपः
M. N. Dutt: O king, the younger brother of Vrishaparva, who was known as Ajaka, became Shalva on earth.
अश्वग्रीव इति ख्यातः सत्त्ववान्यो महासुरः रोचमान इति ख्यातः पृथिव्यां सोऽभवन्नृपः
M. N. Dutt: The great Asura who was known as Ashvagriva, became king Rochamana on earth.
सूक्ष्मस्तु मतिमान्राजन्कीर्तिमान्यः प्रकीर्तितः बृहन्त इति विख्यातः क्षितावासीत्स पार्थिवः
M. N. Dutt: O king, the intelligent and illustrious Asura who was known as Sukshma, became the illustrious king Brihadratha on earth.
तुहुण्ड इति विख्यातो य आसीदसुरोत्तमः सेनाबिन्दुरिति ख्यातः स बभूव नराधिपः
M. N. Dutt: That best of Asuras, who was known as Tuhunda, became the king Senabindu on earth.
इसृपा नाम यस्तेषामसुराणां बलाधिकः पापजिन्नाम राजासीद्भुवि विख्यातविक्रमः
M. N. Dutt: That great strong Asura, who was known as Ishupada, became king Nagnajita of worldknown prowess.
एकचक्र इति ख्यात आसीद्यस्तु महासुरः प्रतिविन्ध्य इति ख्यातो बभूव प्रथितः क्षितौ
M. N. Dutt: The great Asura who was known as Ekachakra, became known on earth as Prativindhya.
विरूपाक्षस्तु दैतेयश्चित्रयोधी महासुरः चित्रवर्मेति विख्यातः क्षितावासीत्स पार्थिवः
M. N. Dutt: The great Asura, capable of displaying various modes of fight and known as Virupaksha, became known as king Chitradharman on earth.
हरस्त्वरिहरो वीर आसीद्यो दानवोत्तमः सुवास्तुरिति विख्यातः स जज्ञे मनुजर्षभः
M. N. Dutt: That best of Danavas, known as the heroic Hara, became the famous and fortunate king Subahu on earth.
अहरस्तु महातेजाः शत्रुपक्षक्षयंकरः बाह्लीको नाम राजा स बभूव प्रथितः क्षितौ
M. N. Dutt: That Asura of great prowess, the chastiser of his foes, known as Ahara, became king Bahlika on earth.
निचन्द्रश्चन्द्रवक्त्रश्च य आसीदसुरोत्तमः मुञ्जकेश इति ख्यातः श्रीमानासीत्स पार्थिवः
M. N. Dutt: That best of Asuras, who was known as Nichandra and whose face was as beautiful as the moon, became the fortunate king Munjakesha on earth.
निकुम्भस्त्वजितः संख्ये महामतिरजायत भूमौ भूमिपतिः श्रेष्ठो देवाधिप इति स्मृतः
M. N. Dutt: That great intelligent and invincible Asura, who was known as Nikumbha, became the best of kings Devadhipa on earth.
शरभो नाम यस्तेषां दैतेयानां महासुरः पौरवो नाम राजर्षिः स बभूव नरेष्विह
M. N. Dutt: That Asura who was known as Sarabha amongst the sons of Diti, became the royal sage Pourava on earth.
Supplementary Passages:
1.61.28 After 28, Dn S (G2 om. line 2) ins.: *555 कापथस्तु महावीर्यः श्रीमान्राजन्महासुरः सुपार्श्व इति विख्यातः क्षितौ जज्ञे महीपतिः क्रथस्तु राजन्राजर्षिः क्षितौ जज्ञे महासुरः पार्वतेय इति ख्यातः काञ्चनाचलसंनिभः
द्वितीयः शलभस्तेषामसुराणां बभूव यः प्रह्रादो नाम बाह्लीकः स बभूव नराधिपः
M. N. Dutt: That Asura, who was known as Shalabha the second, became king Prahlada in the land of the Bahlikas on earth. was as
चन्द्रस्तु दितिजश्रेष्ठो लोके ताराधिपोपमः ऋषिको नाम राजर्षिर्बभूव नृपसत्तमः
AI Translation: The best of the demons, Chandra, was like the lord of the stars in the world. The best of kings, the royal sage named Rishka, was born.
Supplementary Passages:
1.61.30 T G (except G4.5) ins. after 30ab: D3, after 28: *556 चन्द्रवर्मेति विख्यातः काम्बोजानां नराधिपः अर्क इत्यभिविख्यातो यस्तु दानवपुंगवः
मृतपा इति विख्यातो य आसीदसुरोत्तमः पश्चिमानूपकं विद्धि तं नृपं नृपसत्तम
M. N. Dutt: O best of kings, that best of Asuras, who known Mritapa, became king Paschimanupaka on earth.
गविष्ठस्तु महातेजा यः प्रख्यातो महासुरः द्रुमसेन इति ख्यातः पृथिव्यां सोऽभवन्नृपः
M. N. Dutt: That greatly powerful Asura, known as Gavishtha, became king Drumasena on earth.
मयूर इति विख्यातः श्रीमान्यस्तु महासुरः स विश्व इति विख्यातो बभूव पृथिवीपतिः
M. N. Dutt: That great and fortunate Asura, who was known as Mayura, became king Vishva on earth.
सुपर्ण इति विख्यातस्तस्मादवरजस्तु यः कालकीर्तिरिति ख्यातः पृथिव्यां सोऽभवन्नृपः
M. N. Dutt: That Asura who was the younger brother of Mayura and who was known as Suparna, became king Kalakirti on earth.
चन्द्रहन्तेति यस्तेषां कीर्तितः प्रवरोऽसुरः शुनको नाम राजर्षिः स बभूव नराधिपः
M. N. Dutt: The greatly powerful, Asura, who was known as Chandrahanta, became king Sunaka on earth.
विनाशनस्तु चन्द्रस्य य आख्यातो महासुरः जानकिर्नाम राजर्षिः स बभूव नराधिपः
AI Translation: The great demon who was foretold to destroy the moon became the king named Janaki, a royal sage.
दीर्घजिह्वस्तु कौरव्य य उक्तो दानवर्षभः काशिराज इति ख्यातः पृथिव्यां पृथिवीपतिः
M. N. Dutt: O king of the Kuru race, that best of the Danayas who was known as Dirgajihva, became king Kashiraja on earth.
ग्रहं तु सुषुवे यं तं सिंही चन्द्रार्कमर्दनम् क्राथ इत्यभिविख्यातः सोऽभवन्मनुजाधिपः
M. N. Dutt: That Asura (Rahu) who was born of Singhika and who persecuted the sun and the moon, became king Kratha on earth.
अनायुषस्तु पुत्राणां चतुर्णां प्रवरोऽसुरः विक्षरो नाम तेजस्वी वसुमित्रोऽभवन्नृपः
M. N. Dutt: The eldest of the four sons of Danayu, who was known as Vikshara, became the powerful king Vasumitra of earth.
द्वितीयो विक्षराद्यस्तु नराधिप महासुरः पांसुराष्ट्राधिप इति विश्रुतः सोऽभवन्नृपः
M. N. Dutt: The second brother of Vikshara, the great Asura, became the king of the country called Pandya.
बलवीर इति ख्यातो यस्त्वासीदसुरोत्तमः पौण्ड्रमत्स्यक इत्येव स बभूव नराधिपः
M. N. Dutt: That best of Asuras, who was known by the name of Vira, became king Paundramatsyaka on earth.
वृत्र इत्यभिविख्यातो यस्तु राजन्महासुरः मणिमान्नाम राजर्षिः स बभूव नराधिपः
M. N. Dutt: O king, that great Asura who was known as Vritra became the royal sage Manimala on earth.
क्रोधहन्तेति यस्तस्य बभूवावरजोऽसुरः दण्ड इत्यभिविख्यातः स आसीन्नृपतिः क्षितौ
M. N. Dutt: That Asura, who was the younger brother of Vritra and was known as Krodhahanta, became king Danda on earth.
क्रोधवर्धन इत्येव यस्त्वन्यः परिकीर्तितः दण्डधार इति ख्यातः सोऽभवन्मनुजेश्वरः
M. N. Dutt: That Asura who was known as Krodhavardhana became king Dandadhara on earth.
कालकायास्तु ये पुत्रास्तेषामष्टौ नराधिपाः जज्ञिरे राजशार्दूल शार्दूलसमविक्रमाः
M. N. Dutt: O best of kings, the eight sons of the Asura Kaleyas were all born on earth and they all became great kings as powerful as tigers.
मगधेषु जयत्सेनः श्रीमानासीत्स पार्थिवः अष्टानां प्रवरस्तेषां कालेयानां महासुरः
M. N. Dutt: Of the eight great Kaleya Asuras, the eldest Jayatsena became the king of Magadha.
द्वितीयस्तु ततस्तेषां श्रीमान्हरिहयोपमः अपराजित इत्येव स बभूव नराधिपः
M. N. Dutt: The second, as powerful as Indra, became king Aparajita on earth.
तृतीयस्तु महाराज महाबाहुर्महासुरः निषादाधिपतिर्जज्ञे भुवि भीमपराक्रमः
M. N. Dutt: The third was a great Asura, endued with great prowess and power of deception, (Magical powers) and he became the greatly powerful king of the Nishadas.
तेषामन्यतमो यस्तु चतुर्थः परिकीर्तितः श्रेणिमानिति विख्यातः क्षितौ राजर्षिसत्तमः
M. N. Dutt: The fourth of the brothers became the best of royal sages, Shrenimana.
पञ्चमस्तु बभूवैषां प्रवरो यो महासुरः महौजा इति विख्यातो बभूवेह परंतपः
M. N. Dutt: That great Asura, the fifth (brother) became king Mahauja, the oppressor of his foes on earth.
षष्ठस्तु मतिमान्यो वै तेषामासीन्महासुरः अभीरुरिति विख्यातः क्षितौ राजर्षिसत्तमः
M. N. Dutt: That greatly intelligent and powerful Asura who was the sixth (brother) became the vest of royal sages Abhiru on earth.
Supplementary Passages:
1.61.51 After 51, K0 S ins.: *557 सप्तमस्तु बभूवैषां प्रवरो यो महासुरः
समुद्रसेनश्च नृपस्तेषामेवाभवद्गणात् विश्रुतः सागरान्तायां क्षितौ धर्मार्थतत्त्ववित्
M. N. Dutt: The seventh of the brothers) became king Samudrasena, famous all over the earth from its centre to the sea and he was learned in the Shastras.
बृहन्नामाष्टमस्तेषां कालेयानां परंतपः बभूव राजन्धर्मात्मा सर्वभूतहिते रतः
M. N. Dutt: O king, the eighth of the Kaleyas, who was known as Brihata became a virtuous king, ever engaged in doing good to all creatures,
Supplementary Passages:
1.61.53 After 53, K0.3 (om. lines 3-4).4 Ñ2.3 V1 B D (except D5) ins.: *558 कुपथस्त्वथ विख्यातो दानवानां महाबलः पार्वतीय इति ख्यातः काञ्चनाचलसंनिभः क्रथनस्तु महावीर्यः श्रीमान्राजन्महासुरः सुपार्श्व इति विख्यातः क्षितौ जज्ञे महीपतिः असुराणां तु यः सूर्यः श्रीमान्राजन्महासुरः दरदो नाम बाह्लीको वरः सर्वमहीक्षिताम्
गणः क्रोधवशो नाम यस्ते राजन्प्रकीर्तितः ततः संजज्ञिरे वीराः क्षिताविह नराधिपाः
M. N. Dutt: O king, many heroic monarchs, were born on earth form the race of Asuras, called Krodhavasha, of whom I have already spoken to you.
नन्दिकः कर्णवेष्टश्च सिद्धार्थः कीटकस्तथा सुवीरश्च सुबाहुश्च महावीरोऽथ बाह्लिकः
AI Translation: Nandaka, Karna-veṣṭa, Siddārtha, Kītaka, Suvīra, Subāhu, Mahāvīra, and Bāhlīka,
क्रोधो विचित्यः सुरसः श्रीमान्नीलश्च भूमिपः वीरधामा च कौरव्य भूमिपालश्च नामतः
AI Translation: Krodha, Vicitra, Surasa, Shriman, Nila, and Bhumipa, and Virdhaman and Kouravyabhumipala by name.
दन्तवक्त्रश्च नामासीद्दुर्जयश्चैव नामतः रुक्मी च नृपशार्दूलो राजा च जनमेजयः
AI Translation: There was one named Dantavaktra and one named Durjaya. And Rukmi, the tiger among kings, and King Janamejaya.
आषाढो वायुवेगश्च भूरितेजास्तथैव च एकलव्यः सुमित्रश्च वाटधानोऽथ गोमुखः
AI Translation: Āṣāḍha, Vāyuvega, Bhūritīkṣṇa, Ekalavya, Sumitra, Vāṭadhāna, and Gomukha,
कारूषकाश्च राजानः क्षेमधूर्तिस्तथैव च श्रुतायुरुद्धवश्चैव बृहत्सेनस्तथैव च
AI Translation: The kings of Karūṣa, and Kṣemadhūrti, Śrutayu, Uddhava, and also Bṛhatsena,
क्षेमोग्रतीर्थः कुहरः कलिङ्गेषु नराधिपः मतिमांश्च मनुष्येन्द्र ईश्वरश्चेति विश्रुतः
AI Translation: Kshemagra-tirtha, Kuha, and the king of Kalinga, and the famous kings Mati-mat and Ishvara.
गणात्क्रोधवशादेवं राजपूगोऽभवत्क्षितौ जातः पुरा महाराज महाकीर्तिर्महाबलः
M. N. Dutt: These greatly fortunate, powerful and illustrious and best of monarchs were all born on earth of the race of Asuras, called Krodhavasha.
Supplementary Passages:
1.61.61 Dn D3.4 (marg.) T G M5 ins. after 61: K4, after 62: *559 कालनेमिरिति ख्यातो दानवानां महाबलः स कंस इति विख्यात उग्रसेनसुतो बली
यस्त्वासीद्देवको नाम देवराजसमद्युतिः स गन्धर्वपतिर्मुख्यः क्षितौ जज्ञे नराधिपः
M. N. Dutt: The best of the kings of the Gandharvas was born on earth as Devaka who was as effulgent as Indra himself.
बृहस्पतेर्बृहत्कीर्तेर्देवर्षेर्विद्धि भारत अंशाद्द्रोणं समुत्पन्नं भारद्वाजमयोनिजम्
M. N. Dutt: O descendant of the Bharata race, Drona, the son of Bharadvaja, who was not born of any woman, sprang from the celestial Rishi Brihaspati.
धन्विनां नृपशार्दूल यः स सर्वास्त्रवित्तमः बृहत्कीर्तिर्महातेजाः संजज्ञे मनुजेष्विह
M. N. Dutt: O best of kings, he was a hero of great achievements and the best of all those that were learned in the ways of using arms. He was most illustrious and most powerful.
धनुर्वेदे च वेदे च यं तं वेदविदो विदुः वरिष्ठमिन्द्रकर्माणं द्रोणं स्वकुलवर्धनम्
M. N. Dutt: He was called learned, in the Vedas, as well as in the Science of arms by all men wellversed in the Vedas. He was a doer of wonderful deeds and a pride of his race.
महादेवान्तकाभ्यां च कामात्क्रोधाच्च भारत एकत्वमुपपन्नानां जज्ञे शूरः परंतपः
AI Translation: From the great god and from the destroyer, and from desire and anger, O descendant of Bharata, The one who was born was the hero, the tormentor of enemies.
अश्वत्थामा महावीर्यः शत्रुपक्षक्षयंकरः वीरः कमलपत्राक्षः क्षितावासीन्नराधिप
AI Translation: Ashvatthama, the very powerful one, the destroyer of the enemy's faction, The hero with lotus-like eyes, the king who dwelt on earth,
जज्ञिरे वसवस्त्वष्टौ गङ्गायां शंतनोः सुताः वसिष्ठस्य च शापेन नियोगाद्वासवस्य च
M. N. Dutt: Begot by her husband Shantanu, the eight Vasus were given birth to by Ganga, on account of the curse of Rishi Vasistha and also from the command of Indra.
तेषामवरजो भीष्मः कुरूणामभयंकरः मतिमान्वेदविद्वाग्मी शत्रुपक्षक्षयंकरः
M. N. Dutt: The youngest of them was Bhishma, who was the dispeller of the fears of the Kurus, who was greatly intelligent, who was a great scholar in the Vedas and a best of speakers and the destroyer of the enemy's ranks.
जामदग्न्येन रामेण यः स सर्वविदां वरः अयुध्यत महातेजा भार्गवेण महात्मना
M. N. Dutt: That best of men, being learned in the science of arms and endued with great energy, fought with the illustrious (Parshu) Rama, the son of Jamadagni.
यस्तु राजन्कृपो नाम ब्रह्मर्षिरभवत्क्षितौ रुद्राणां तं गणाद्विद्धि संभूतमतिपौरुषम्
M. N. Dutt: O king, that Brahmana Rishi, who was known in the world as Kripa, was the embodiment of all manliness, was born of the Rudraganas.
शकुनिर्नाम यस्त्वासीद्राजा लोके महारथः द्वापरं विद्धि तं राजन्संभूतमरिमर्दनम्
M. N. Dutt: O king, that king and great car-warrior, that chastiser of foes, who was known as Shakuni in the world, know him to be the Dvapara himself.
सात्यकिः सत्यसंधस्तु योऽसौ वृष्णिकुलोद्वहः पक्षात्स जज्ञे मरुतां देवानामरिमर्दनः
M. N. Dutt: He who was known as Satyaki, the upholder of the pride of Vrishnis and the chastiser of foes, was born of the portion of celestial Marutas.
द्रुपदश्चापि राजर्षिस्तत एवाभवद्गणात् मानुषे नृप लोकेऽस्मिन्सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरः
M. N. Dutt: That royal sage, king Drupada, the best of all the wielder of arms, was also born the portions of the same celestials (Marutas).
ततश्च कृतवर्माणं विद्धि राजञ्जनाधिपम् जातमप्रतिकर्माणं क्षत्रियर्षभसत्तमम्
M. N. Dutt: O king, know that Kritavarma that king of men, that man of matchless deeds, that best of best Kshatriyas,
मरुतां तु गणाद्विद्धि संजातमरिमर्दनम् विराटं नाम राजर्षिं परराष्ट्रप्रतापनम्
M. N. Dutt: That chastiser of foes, was also born of the same celestials. The king Virata, the conqueror of other kingdoms, was also born of the same celestials.
अरिष्टायास्तु यः पुत्रो हंस इत्यभिविश्रुतः स गन्धर्वपतिर्जज्ञे कुरुवंशविवर्धनः
M. N. Dutt: That son of Arishta, known as Hansa, the king of the Gandharvas, was born to increase the Kuru race.
धृतराष्ट्र इति ख्यातः कृष्णद्वैपायनादपि दीर्घबाहुर्महातेजाः प्रज्ञाचक्षुर्नराधिपः मातुर्दोषादृषेः कोपादन्ध एव व्यजायत
M. N. Dutt: He was known on earth as Dhritarashtra, the son of Krishna Dvaipayana; he had long arms, he was greatly powerful and he was a king with prophetic eyes.
Supplementary Passages:
1.61.78 After 78, K2 (marg.).4 Ñ V1 B D ins.: *560 तस्यैवावरजो भ्राता महासत्त्वो महाबलः स पाण्डुरिति विख्यातः सत्यधर्मरतः शुचिः T G1.2.4.5 ins. after 78: G3.6 M5, after 79: *561 मरुतां तु गणाद्वीरः सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरः पाण्डुर्जज्ञे महाभाग तव पूर्वपितामहः
अत्रेस्तु सुमहाभागं पुत्रं पुत्रवतां वरम् विदुरं विद्धि लोकेऽस्मिञ्जातं बुद्धिमतां वरम्
M. N. Dutt: Know, that he who was known as Vidura, he wino was the best of all virtuous men, he who was the god of justice himself who was the excellent and greatly fortunate son of Atri (Surya). one
कलेरंशात्तु संजज्ञे भुवि दुर्योधनो नृपः दुर्बुद्धिर्दुर्मतिश्चैव कुरूणामयशस्करः
M. N. Dutt: The evil and wicked-minded king Duryodhana, the destroyer of the fame of the Kuru dynasty, was born of the portion of the Kali.
जगतो यः स सर्वस्य विद्विष्टः कलिपूरुषः यः सर्वां घातयामास पृथिवीं पुरुषाधमः येन वैरं समुद्दीप्तं भूतान्तकरणं महत्
M. N. Dutt: O king, It was he who was the cause of the slaughter of all creatures and of the world, he ruined the earth.
पौलस्त्या भ्रातरः सर्वे जज्ञिरे मनुजेष्विह शतं दुःशासनादीनां सर्वेषां क्रूरकर्मणाम्
AI Translation: All the sons of Paulastya were born among men. One hundred sons of Duhshāsana and others, all of cruel deeds,
दुर्मुखो दुःसहश्चैव ये चान्ये नानुशब्दिताः दुर्योधनसहायास्ते पौलस्त्या भरतर्षभ
AI Translation: Duryodhana's allies, those who are not mentioned, Duryodhana's allies, those who are not mentioned, Duryodhana's allies, those who are not mentioned,
धर्मस्यांशं तु राजानं विद्धि राजन्युधिष्ठिरम् भीमसेनं तु वातस्य देवराजस्य चार्जुनम्
M. N. Dutt: Know, O king, king Yudhishthira was a portion of Dharma; Bhima was that of Maruta; Arjuna was that of the king of the celestials (Indra).
अश्विनोस्तु तथैवांशौ रूपेणाप्रतिमौ भुवि नकुलः सहदेवश्च सर्वलोकमनोहरौ
M. N. Dutt: The most handsome men amongst all men and the matchless beauties on earth, Nakula and Sahadeva were the portions of the Ashvinas.
यः सुवर्चा इति ख्यातः सोमपुत्रः प्रतापवान् अभिमन्युर्बृहत्कीर्तिरर्जुनस्य सुतोऽभवत्
M. N. Dutt: He, who was known as Varcha the son of Soma, became Abhimanyu of wonderful deeds, the son of Arjuna.
अग्नेरंशं तु विद्धि त्वं धृष्टद्युम्नं महारथम् शिखण्डिनमथो राजन्स्त्रीपुंसं विद्धि राक्षसम्
AI Translation: Know Dhristadyumna, the great warrior, to be a part of Agni. O king, know Shikhándin to be a Rákshasa, a hermaphrodite.
द्रौपदेयाश्च ये पञ्च बभूवुर्भरतर्षभ विश्वेदेवगणान्राजंस्तान्विद्धि भरतर्षभ
AI Translation: And the five sons of Draupadi, O bull of the Bharata race, Know them, O bull of the Bharata race, to be the hosts of the Vishvedevas.
Supplementary Passages:
1.61.88 After 88, K3 ins.: *562 भीमसेनाद्राक्षसेन्द्रो गुह्यकेभ्यस्त्वजायत जयस्य परिरक्षार्थं स हि सृष्टो महात्मना while Ñ3 ins.: *563 सर्वेषां देवताभागं दत्त्वा विद्धि महीपते
आमुक्तकवचः कर्णो यस्तु जज्ञे महारथः दिवाकरस्य तं विद्धि देवस्यांशमनुत्तमम्
AI Translation: The great warrior Karna, who was born without armor, Know him to be the supreme portion of the sun god.
Supplementary Passages:
1.61.89 After 89ab, K0 (om. lines 2-4).3.4 Ñ2.3 V1 B D (except D5) ins.: *564 कर्ण इत्यभिविख्यातः पृथायाः प्रथमः सुतः स तु सूतकुले वीरो ववृधे राजसत्तम कर्णं नरवरश्रेष्ठं श्रेष्ठं सर्वधनुष्मताम् दुर्योधनस्य सचिवं मन्त्रिणं शकुनेः समम्
यस्तु नारायणो नाम देवदेवः सनातनः तस्यांशो मानुषेष्वासीद्वासुदेवः प्रतापवान्
AI Translation: The eternal god of gods, named Narayana, had an incarnation among humans, the powerful Vasudeva.
Supplementary Passages:
1.61.90 After 90ab, K (except K2) ins.: *565 वशिता सर्वभूतानां संहर्ता चापराजितः
शेषस्यांशस्तु नागस्य बलदेवो महाबलः सनत्कुमारं प्रद्युम्नं विद्धि राजन्महौजसम्
AI Translation: The part of Sesha is the very powerful Balarama. Know, O king, that Sanatkumara is Pradyumna of great prowess.
एवमन्ये मनुष्येन्द्र बहवोंऽशा दिवौकसाम् जज्ञिरे वसुदेवस्य कुले कुलविवर्धनाः
AI Translation: Thus many other sons of the gods were born in the family of Vasudeva, the increasers of the family, O king of men.
गणस्त्वप्सरसां यो वै मया राजन्प्रकीर्तितः तस्य भागः क्षितौ जज्ञे नियोगाद्वासवस्य च
M. N. Dutt: O king, the Apsaras, of whom I have already spoken, were also born on earth in portions as ordered by Indra.
तानि षोडश देवीनां सहस्राणि नराधिप बभूवुर्मानुषे लोके नारायणपरिग्रहः
M. N. Dutt: O king, sixteen thousand portions of these celestial ladies, became in the world of men the wives of Vasudeva. A portion of Sree (Lakshmi), herself became incarnate on earth out of love (for Narayana).
श्रियस्तु भागः संजज्ञे रत्यर्थं पृथिवीतले द्रुपदस्य कुले कन्या वेदिमध्यादनिन्दिता
AI Translation: The share of Shri was born on the earth for the purpose of enjoyment. An unblamable daughter was born from the middle of the altar in the family of Drupada.
Supplementary Passages:
1.61.95 After 95ab, Ñ3 V1 B5 D (except D3) ins. (B5 D4 om. line 1; D5 om. line 2): *566 भीष्मकस्य कुले साध्वी रुक्मिणी नाम नामतः द्रौपदी त्वथ संजज्ञे शचीभागादनिन्दिता
नातिह्रस्वा न महती नीलोत्पलसुगन्धिनी पद्मायताक्षी सुश्रोणी असितायतमूर्धजा
M. N. Dutt: She was neither tall nor short, she had the fragrance of blue lotus. Her eyes were like the lotus leaves, her thighs were fair and round and her dense masses of hair were black and curly.
सर्वलक्षणसंपन्ना वैडूर्यमणिसंनिभा पञ्चानां पुरुषेन्द्राणां चित्तप्रमथिनी रहः
M. N. Dutt: She was endued with all auspicious marks and her complexion was like the emerald. She was the charmer of the hearts of the five kings of men (the Pandavas).
सिद्धिर्धृतिश्च ये देव्यौ पञ्चानां मातरौ तु ते कुन्ती माद्री च जज्ञाते मतिस्तु सुबलात्मजा
M. N. Dutt: The goddesses Siddhi and Dhriti became the mothers of the five (Pandavas). They were named Kunti and Madri. And the goddess, who was Mati, became the daughter of Subala (Gandhari, the wife of Dhritarashtra).
इति देवासुराणां ते गन्धर्वाप्सरसां तथा अंशावतरणं राजन्राक्षसानां च कीर्तितम्
AI Translation: Thus the descent of the gods, demons, gandharvas, and apsaras, And the descent of the demons, has been described.
ये पृथिव्यां समुद्भूता राजानो युद्धदुर्मदाः महात्मानो यदूनां च ये जाता विपुले कुले
AI Translation: Those kings who have arisen on earth, who are invincible in battle, And those great souls who have been born in the vast family of the Yadus,
Supplementary Passages:
1.61.100 After 100, Ñ2.3 V1 B4.5 ins.: *567 ये च यस्मिन्कुले जाता राजानो भूरितेजसः Ñ2.3 V1 B4.5 cont.: Dn D1.4 ins. after 100: *568 ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्या मया ते परिकीर्तिताः D3 T G ins. after 100: *569 एते तु मुख्याः कथिता मया ते राजसत्तम
धन्यं यशस्यं पुत्रीयमायुष्यं विजयावहम् इदमंशावतरणं श्रोतव्यमनसूयता
AI Translation: Blessed, glorious, conducive to sons, conducive to longevity, bringing victory, This descent of the portion should be heard without envy.
अंशावतरणं श्रुत्वा देवगन्धर्वरक्षसाम् प्रभवाप्ययवित्प्राज्ञो न कृच्छ्रेष्ववसीदति
M. N. Dutt: Hearing the incarnations of the Devas, the Asuras and the Gandharvas, the learned person, thus knowing the mystery of creation, preservation and destruction, does not feel depressed, even in the greatest sorrow.