Critical Edition
वैशंपायन उवाच प्रजापतेस्तु दक्षस्य मनोर्वैवस्वतस्य च भरतस्य कुरोः पूरोरजमीढस्य चान्वये
AI Translation: Vaishampayana said: In the lineage of Prajapati Daksha, Manu Vaivasvata, Bharata, Kuru, Paurava, and Ajami.
यादवानामिमं वंशं पौरवाणां च सर्वशः तथैव भारतानां च पुण्यं स्वस्त्ययनं महत् धन्यं यशस्यमायुष्यं कीर्तयिष्यामि तेऽनघ
AI Translation: This is the auspicious and great benediction for the Yadavas, the Pauravas, and the Bharatas. O sinless one, I shall relate to you the auspicious, glorious, and life-giving story.
तेजोभिरुदिताः सर्वे महर्षिसमतेजसः दश प्रचेतसः पुत्राः सन्तः पूर्वजनाः स्मृताः मेघजेनाग्निना ये ते पूर्वं दग्धा महौजसः
M. N. Dutt: Pracheta had ten sons, who were all devoted to asceticism and they all possessed every virtue. They burnt with the fire of their mouth many medicinal plants.
तेभ्यः प्राचेतसो जज्ञे दक्षो दक्षादिमाः प्रजाः संभूताः पुरुषव्याघ्र स हि लोकपितामहः
M. N. Dutt: O lion among the men, from them was born Prachetas Daksha and from Daksha sprang all creatures. Therefore, he was called the Grandsire.
वीरिण्या सह संगम्य दक्षः प्राचेतसो मुनिः आत्मतुल्यानजनयत्सहस्रं संशितव्रतान्
M. N. Dutt: The Rishi Daksha, born of Prachetas, begot one thousand sons, uniting with Virini; they were all of rigid vows like himself.
सहस्रसंख्यान्समितान्सुतान्दक्षस्य नारदः मोक्षमध्यापयामास सांख्यज्ञानमनुत्तमम्
M. N. Dutt: Narada taught these one thousand sons of Daksha the excellent knowledge of Sankhya, the means of salvation.
Supplementary Passages:
1.70.6 After 6, D3 T1 G1-3 ins.: *688 नाशार्थं योजयामास दिगन्तज्ञानकर्मसु
ततः पञ्चाशतं कन्याः पुत्रिका अभिसंदधे प्रजापतिः प्रजा दक्षः सिसृक्षुर्जनमेजय
M. N. Dutt: Janamejaya, the lord of creation Prajapati Daksha, from the desire of creating more creatures, begot fifty daughters. He made them all his Putrikas.
ददौ स दश धर्माय कश्यपाय त्रयोदश कालस्य नयने युक्ताः सप्तविंशतिमिन्दवे
M. N. Dutt: He bestowed ten of his daughters on Daksha, thirteen on Kashyapa and twentyseven on Chandra who were all engaged in indicating time.
त्रयोदशानां पत्नीनां या तु दाक्षायणी वरा मारीचः कश्यपस्तस्यामादित्यान्समजीजनत् इन्द्रादीन्वीर्यसंपन्नान्विवस्वन्तमथापि च
M. N. Dutt: Kashyapa, the son of Marichi, begot on his wife, the daughter of Daksha, who was the eldest among his thirteen wives, Aditya, the greatly effulgent celestials, Indra, being at their head and Vaivasvata also, Vaivasvata's son was born Yama, the great lord.
विवस्वतः सुतो जज्ञे यमो वैवस्वतः प्रभुः मार्तण्डश्च यमस्यापि पुत्रो राजन्नजायत
AI Translation: The lord Yama, the son of Vivasvat, was born. And Marttanda, the son of Yama, was born, O king.
मार्तण्डस्य मनुर्धीमानजायत सुतः प्रभुः मनोर्वंशो मानवानां ततोऽयं प्रथितोऽभवत् ब्रह्मक्षत्रादयस्तस्मान्मनोर्जातास्तु मानवाः
AI Translation: From the sun was born the wise Manu, the lord, as his son. From him was born the lineage of the Manus, the humans. From Manu were born the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and others, the humans.
Supplementary Passages:
1.70.11 After 11ab, D (except Da D2) ins.: *689 यमश्चापि सुतो जज्ञे ख्यातस्तस्यानुजः प्रभुः धर्मात्मा स मनुर्धीमान्यत्र वंशः प्रतिष्ठितः
तत्राभवत्तदा राजन्ब्रह्म क्षत्रेण संगतम् ब्राह्मणा मानवास्तेषां साङ्गं वेदमदीधरन्
AI Translation: There was then, O king, the union of the Brahmanas with the Kshatriyas. The Brahmanas, the men, upheld the Veda with its appendages.
वेनं धृष्णुं नरिष्यन्तं नाभागेक्ष्वाकुमेव च करूषमथ शर्यातिं तथैवात्राष्टमीमिलाम्
AI Translation: Vena, Dhṛṣṇu, Nariṣyanta, Nabhaga, Ikṣvāku, Karūṣa, Śaryāti, and similarly Āṣṭaka, Mila.
पृषध्रनवमानाहुः क्षत्रधर्मपरायणान् नाभागारिष्टदशमान्मनोः पुत्रान्महाबलान्
AI Translation: They say that the nine sons of Prishadhra were devoted to the law of the Kshatriyas. The ten sons of Nabhaga, Aristha and Dasa, were the sons of
पञ्चाशतं मनोः पुत्रास्तथैवान्येऽभवन्क्षितौ अन्योन्यभेदात्ते सर्वे विनेशुरिति नः श्रुतम्
AI Translation: Fifty sons of Manu were born on earth, and so were others. We have heard that all of them perished due to mutual dissension.
पुरूरवास्ततो विद्वानिलायां समपद्यत सा वै तस्याभवन्माता पिता चेति हि नः श्रुतम्
AI Translation: Then Purūravas, knowing, was born in Ilā. She became his mother and father, so we have heard.
त्रयोदश समुद्रस्य द्वीपानश्नन्पुरूरवाः अमानुषैर्वृतः सत्त्वैर्मानुषः सन्महायशाः
AI Translation: Purūravas, the son of Ilā, ruled over thirteen continents of the ocean, surrounded by superhuman beings, a human being of great fame.
Supplementary Passages:
1.70.17 After 17, M3 ins.: *690 तुतोष नैव रत्नानां लोभादिति च नः श्रुतम्
विप्रैः स विग्रहं चक्रे वीर्योन्मत्तः पुरूरवाः जहार च स विप्राणां रत्नान्युत्क्रोशतामपि
M. N. Dutt: Though he was a human being, yet he remained always surrounded by superhuman companions. Pururava, intoxicated with the pride of power which he possessed, quarrelled with the Brahmanas, caring little for their anger. He robbed them of their wealth.
सनत्कुमारस्तं राजन्ब्रह्मलोकादुपेत्य ह अनुदर्शयां ततश्चक्रे प्रत्यगृह्णान्न चाप्यसौ
M. N. Dutt: Seeing this, Sanatkumar came from the region of Brahma and gave him good counsel, which he did not accept. Thereupon, the wrath of the great Rishis was excited and the king, who was intoxicated with the pride of power and who lost his reason, was immediately killed by their curse.
ततो महर्षिभिः क्रुद्धैः शप्तः सद्यो व्यनश्यत लोभान्वितो मदबलान्नष्टसंज्ञो नराधिपः
AI Translation: Then, the angry great sages cursed him, and he immediately perished. The king, full of greed and intoxicated with power, had lost his senses.
स हि गन्धर्वलोकस्थ उर्वश्या सहितो विराट् आनिनाय क्रियार्थेऽग्नीन्यथावद्विहितांस्त्रिधा
AI Translation: He, who was in the Gandharva world, together with Urvashi, Viraja, Brought the fires for the purpose of the rite, as prescribed, in three ways.
षट्पुत्रा जज्ञिरेऽथैलादायुर्धीमानमावसुः दृढायुश्च वनायुश्च श्रुतायुश्चोर्वशीसुताः
AI Translation: Then were born to Urvashi six sons, Ayus, Dhiman, Avasu, Dridhayu, Vanayu, and Srutayu.
नहुषं वृद्धशर्माणं रजिं रम्भमनेनसम् स्वर्भानवीसुतानेतानायोः पुत्रान्प्रचक्षते
AI Translation: Nahusha, Vriddhasharman, Raji, Rambha, Anenas, These sons of Ayus are said to be the sons of Svabhavi.
आयुषो नहुषः पुत्रो धीमान्सत्यपराक्रमः राज्यं शशास सुमहद्धर्मेण पृथिवीपतिः
AI Translation: Nahuṣa was the son of Āyu. He was wise and of true valor. He ruled the great kingdom with righteousness as the king of the earth.
पितॄन्देवानृषीन्विप्रान्गन्धर्वोरगराक्षसान् नहुषः पालयामास ब्रह्मक्षत्रमथो विशः
AI Translation: He protected the ancestors, gods, sages, brahmins, gandharvas, serpents, and demons. Nahusha ruled over the brahmins, kshatriyas, and the common people.
स हत्वा दस्युसंघातानृषीन्करमदापयत् पशुवच्चैव तान्पृष्ठे वाहयामास वीर्यवान्
AI Translation: Having killed the groups of robbers, he gave the sages their hands back. And like cattle, he made them carry him on his back. The valorous one.
कारयामास चेन्द्रत्वमभिभूय दिवौकसः तेजसा तपसा चैव विक्रमेणौजसा तथा
AI Translation: He attained Indrahood, surpassing the gods in heaven, by his splendor, austerities, valor, and strength.
Supplementary Passages:
1.70.27 After 27, T2 G ins.: *691 विशिष्टो नहुषः शप्तः सद्यो ह्यजगरोऽभवत्
यतिं ययातिं संयातिमायातिं पाञ्चमुद्धवम् नहुषो जनयामास षट्पुत्रान्प्रियवाससि
AI Translation: Yati, Yayati, Samyaya, Ayaya, Pancha and Uddhava. Nahusha had these six sons from Priyavasa.
Supplementary Passages:
1.70.28 After 28, K4 Ñ B D ins.: *692 यतिस्तु योगमास्थाय ब्रह्मभूतोऽभवन्मुनिः
ययातिर्नाहुषः सम्राडासीत्सत्यपराक्रमः स पालयामास महीमीजे च विविधैः सवैः
AI Translation: Yayāti, the son of Nahusha, was a universal monarch, whose valour was truth. He ruled the earth and performed various sacrifices.
अतिशक्त्या पितॄनर्चन्देवांश्च प्रयतः सदा अन्वगृह्णात्प्रजाः सर्वा ययातिरपराजितः
AI Translation: Always worshipping the ancestors and gods with great power, Yayaati, the unconquered one, accepted all the subjects.
तस्य पुत्रा महेष्वासाः सर्वैः समुदिता गुणैः देवयान्यां महाराज शर्मिष्ठायां च जज्ञिरे
AI Translation: His sons were great archers, endowed with all the qualities. They were born to Devayani and Sharmishtha, O great king.
देवयान्यामजायेतां यदुस्तुर्वसुरेव च द्रुह्युश्चानुश्च पूरुश्च शर्मिष्ठायां प्रजज्ञिरे
AI Translation: Devayani gave birth to Yadu and Turvasu, and Sharmishtha gave birth to Druhyu, Anu and Puru.
स शाश्वतीः समा राजन्प्रजा धर्मेण पालयन् जरामार्छन्महाघोरां नाहुषो रूपनाशिनीम्
M. N. Dutt: O king, after ruling his subjects with virtue for a long time. The son of Nahusha (Yayati) was attacked by the terrible old age which destroyed his personal beauty.
जराभिभूतः पुत्रान्स राजा वचनमब्रवीत् यदुं पूरुं तुर्वसुं च द्रुह्युं चानुं च भारत
M. N. Dutt: Having been thus attacked by old age, the king thus addressed his sons, namely Yadu, Puru, Turvasu, Druhyu and Anu.
यौवनेन चरन्कामान्युवा युवतिभिः सह विहर्तुमहमिच्छामि साह्यं कुरुत पुत्रकाः
M. N. Dutt: “O Dear sons, I wish to be young and desire to pass my time with young women. Help me in this."
तं पुत्रो देवयानेयः पूर्वजो यदुरब्रवीत् किं कार्यं भवतः कार्यमस्माभिर्यौवनेन च
M. N. Dutt: His eldest son, born of Devayani said, “Why do you require? Do you want to have our youth?"
ययातिरब्रवीत्तं वै जरा मे प्रतिगृह्यताम् यौवनेन त्वदीयेन चरेयं विषयानहम्
M. N. Dutt: Yayati replied, “Accept my old age.” I would then enjoy myself with your youth.
यजतो दीर्घसत्रैर्मे शापाच्चोशनसो मुनेः कामार्थः परिहीणो मे तप्येऽहं तेन पुत्रकाः
M. N. Dutt: During a long sacrifice, I was cursed by the Rishi Ushanas and therefore, thus have I lost all my powers of enjoying sensual pleasures. O sons, I shall enjoy myself with your youth.
मामकेन शरीरेण राज्यमेकः प्रशास्तु वः अहं तन्वाभिनवया युवा कामानवाप्नुयाम्
M. N. Dutt: (Therefore), take any of you my decrepitude and rule the kingdom with my body. I would then enjoy myself with a renovated youthful body.
न ते तस्य प्रत्यगृह्णन्यदुप्रभृतयो जराम् तमब्रवीत्ततः पूरुः कनीयान्सत्यविक्रमः
AI Translation: They did not accept him, beginning with Yadu and others. Then the younger son, Puru, of true valor, spoke to him:
राजंश्चराभिनवया तन्वा यौवनगोचरः अहं जरां समास्थाय राज्ये स्थास्यामि तेऽऽज्ञया
AI Translation: O king, I shall go to the forest, having attained youth. By your order, I shall take up old age and stay in the kingdom.
एवमुक्तः स राजर्षिस्तपोवीर्यसमाश्रयात् संचारयामास जरां तदा पुत्रे महात्मनि
M. N. Dutt: Thus being addressed, the royal sage (Yayati) transferred his old age on his highsouled son (Puru) with his power of asceticism.
पौरवेणाथ वयसा राजा यौवनमास्थितः यायातेनापि वयसा राज्यं पूरुरकारयत्
M. N. Dutt: The king again became a young man with the youth of Puru; and Puru with the old age of his father upon him ruled the kingdom.
ततो वर्षसहस्रान्ते ययातिरपराजितः अतृप्त एव कामानां पूरुं पुत्रमुवाच ह
AI Translation: Then, after a thousand years, the unconquered Yayati said to his son Pūru, not satisfied with pleasures,
Supplementary Passages:
1.70.44 K4 Ñ (Ñ3 marg.) B D ins. after 44ab: T G (both versions om. lines 1 and 15-16), after 43: *693 स्थितः स नृपशार्दूलः शार्दूलसमविक्रमः ययातिरपि पत्नीभ्यां दीर्घकालं विहृत्य च विश्वाच्या सहितो रेमे पुनश्चैत्ररथे वने नाध्यगच्छत्तदा तृप्तिं कामानां स महायशाः अवेत्य मनसा राजन्निमां गाथां तदा जगौ न जातु कामः कामानामुपभोगेन शाम्यति हविषा कृष्णवर्त्मेव भूय एवाभिवर्धते पृथिवी रत्नसंपूर्णा हिरण्यं पशवः स्त्रियः नालमेकस्य तत्सर्वमिति मत्वा शमं व्रजेत् यदा न कुरुते पापं सर्वभूतेषु कर्हिचित् कर्मणा मनसा वाचा ब्रह्म संपद्यते तदा यदा चायं न बिभेति यदा चास्मान्न बिभ्यति यदा नेच्छति न द्वेष्टि ब्रह्म संपद्यते तदा इत्यवेक्ष्य महाप्राज्ञः कामानां फल्गुतां नृप समाधाय मनो बुद्ध्या प्रत्यगृह्णाज्जरां सुतात् दत्त्वा च यौवनं राजा पूरुं राज्येऽभिषिच्य च
त्वया दायादवानस्मि त्वं मे वंशकरः सुतः पौरवो वंश इति ते ख्यातिं लोके गमिष्यति
M. N. Dutt: "From you my race would continue. You are my true son and heir. My race will be known in the world after your name."
ततः स नृपशार्दूलः पूरुं राज्येऽभिषिच्य च कालेन महता पश्चात्कालधर्ममुपेयिवान्
AI Translation: Then that best of kings, having consecrated Puru in the kingdom, after a long time, later, went to the law of time.
Supplementary Passages:
1.70.46 K4 Ñ1.2 B D (except D5) ins. after 46ab (D2 after 46): *694 तपः सुचरितं कृत्वा भृगुतुङ्गे महातपाः Ñ2 B6 Da Dn D1.4 ins. after 46cd: K4 B1.3-5 D2.3, after 694*: *695 पारयित्वा त्वनशनं सदारः स्वर्गमाप्तवान्