Critical Edition
वैशंपायन उवाच श्रुत्वा कुमारं जातं तु देवयानी शुचिस्मिता चिन्तयामास दुःखार्ता शर्मिष्ठां प्रति भारत
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said : O descendant of the Bharata race, when Devayani heard of the birth of this boy, she ! became very sorry and Sharmishtha became an object of her sad reflections. Going to Sharmishtha, Devayani thus spoke to her.
Supplementary Passages:
1.78.1 After vaiśaṃ. (resp. its v.l.), K4 D4 S ins.: *808 तस्मिन्नक्षत्रसंयोगे शुक्ले पुण्यर्क्षगेन्दुना स राजा मुमुदे सम्राट्तया शर्मिष्ठया सह ययातिः प्रजानां श्रीरिवाग्र्या मे शर्मिष्ठा ह्यभवद्वधूः पन्नगीवोग्ररूपा वै देवयानी ममाप्यभूत् पर्जन्य इव सस्यानां देवानाममृतं यथा तद्वन्ममापि संभूता शर्मिष्ठा वार्षपर्वणी वैशंपायनः इत्येवं मनसा ध्यात्वा देवयानीमवर्जयत्
अभिगम्य च शर्मिष्ठां देवयान्यब्रवीदिदम् किमिदं वृजिनं सुभ्रु कृतं ते कामलुब्धया
M. N. Dutt: Devayani said: O girl of fair-eye-brows, what sin is this you have committed out of lust!
शर्मिष्ठोवाच ऋषिरभ्यागतः कश्चिद्धर्मात्मा वेदपारगः स मया वरदः कामं याचितो धर्मसंहितम्
M. N. Dutt: Sharmishtha said: A Rishi of virtuous mind, learned in the Vedas, came to me. He was capable of granting boons and he was solicited by me to grant my wishes based on virtue.
Supplementary Passages:
1.78.3 After 3, S ins.: *809 अपत्यार्थे स तु मया वृतो वै चारुहासिनि
नाहमन्यायतः काममाचरामि शुचिस्मिते तस्मादृषेर्ममापत्यमिति सत्यं ब्रवीमि ते
M. N. Dutt: O lady of sweet smiles, I would never seek the fulfillment of my desires by sinful means. I tell you truly, this child was begotten by a Rishi.
देवयान्युवाच शोभनं भीरु सत्यं चेदथ स ज्ञायते द्विजः गोत्रनामाभिजनतो वेत्तुमिच्छामि तं द्विजम्
M. N. Dutt: Devayani said: O timid maiden, it is all right if that is the case. If you know the lineage, the name and the family of that Brahmana, tell me I wish to hear them. my
शर्मिष्ठोवाच ओजसा तेजसा चैव दीप्यमानं रविं यथा तं दृष्ट्वा मम संप्रष्टुं शक्तिर्नासीच्छुचिस्मिते
M. N. Dutt: Sharmishtha said : O lady of sweet smiles, that Rishi was as effulgent in asceticism and energy as the sun. Seeing him, I had no power of making these enquiries.
देवयान्युवाच यद्येतदेवं शर्मिष्ठे न मन्युर्विद्यते मम अपत्यं यदि ते लब्धं ज्येष्ठाच्छ्रेष्ठाच्च वै द्विजात्
M. N. Dutt: Devayani said : O Sharmishtha, If this be true, if you have received this your son from such a great Brahmana, I have then no cause for anger.
वैशंपायन उवाच अन्योन्यमेवमुक्त्वा च संप्रहस्य च ते मिथः जगाम भार्गवी वेश्म तथ्यमित्येव जज्ञुषी
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said: They talked and laughed with each other and then they separated, (Devayani) the daughter of the Bhrigu race going to her mansion and believing what Sharmishtha told her.
ययातिर्देवयान्यां तु पुत्रावजनयन्नृपः यदुं च तुर्वसुं चैव शक्रविष्णू इवापरौ
M. N. Dutt: O king, Yayati begot on Devayani two more sons (namely) Yadu and Turvasu, who were like Indra and Vishnu.
Supplementary Passages:
1.78.9 After 9, D4 S ins.: *810 तस्मिन्काले तु राजर्षिर्ययातिः पृथिवीपतिः माध्वीकरसंयुक्तां मदिरां मदवर्धिनीम् पाययामास शुक्रस्य तनयां रक्तपिञ्जराम् पीत्वा पीत्वा च मदिरां देवयानी मुमोह सा रुदती गायमाना सा नृत्यन्ती च मुहुर्मुहुः बहु प्रलपती देवी राजानमिदमब्रवीत् राजवद्रूपवेषौ ते किमर्थं त्वमिहागतः केन कार्येण संप्राप्तो निर्जनं गहनं वनम् द्विजश्रेष्ठ नृपश्रेष्ठो ययातिश्चोग्रदर्शनः तस्मादितः पलायस्व हितमिच्छसि चेद्द्विज इत्येवं प्रलपन्तीं तां देवयानीं तु नाहुषः भर्त्सयामास वचनैरपापां पापवर्धिनीम् ततो वर्षवरान्मूकान्पङ्गून्वृद्धान्सपण्डकान् रक्षणे देवयान्याः स पोषणे च शशास तान् ततस्तु नाहुषो राजा शर्मिष्ठां प्राप्य बुद्धिमान् रेमे च सुचिरं कालं तया शर्मिष्ठया सह
तस्मादेव तु राजर्षेः शर्मिष्ठा वार्षपर्वणी द्रुह्युं चानुं च पूरुं च त्रीन्कुमारानजीजनत्
M. N. Dutt: The daughter of Vrishaparva, Sharmishtha, by that royal sage gave birth to three sons in all, namely Druhyu, Anu and Puru.
Supplementary Passages:
1.78.10 After 10, T2 G2.4-6 (T2 G6 om. line 2) ins.: *811 शर्मिष्ठाकामुको राजा यदासीत्तद्रताकुलः मदिराविवशां कृत्वा रेमे शर्मिष्ठयान्वहम्
ततः काले तु कस्मिंश्चिद्देवयानी शुचिस्मिता ययातिसहिता राजन्निर्जगाम महावनम्
M. N. Dutt: O king, one day Devayani of sweet smiles went with Yayati into a solitary part of the royal park.
ददर्श च तदा तत्र कुमारान्देवरूपिणः क्रीडमानान्सुविश्रब्धान्विस्मिता चेदमब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: There she saw three children of celestial beauty, playing with perfect ease. She was surprised and thus spoke to the king.
कस्यैते दारका राजन्देवपुत्रोपमाः शुभाः वर्चसा रूपतश्चैव सदृशा मे मतास्तव
M. N. Dutt: Devayani said : O king, whose children are these, so handsome, so like the children of the celestial? They are exactly like you in splendour and beauty.
एवं पृष्ट्वा तु राजानं कुमारान्पर्यपृच्छत किंनामधेयगोत्रो वः पुत्रका ब्राह्मणः पिता विब्रूत मे यथातथ्यं श्रोतुमिच्छामि तं ह्यहम्
AI Translation: Having thus questioned the king, he asked the princes: "What is the name and family of your father, sons?"" "Tell me the truth, I wish to hear it.
Supplementary Passages:
1.78.14 After 14a, G1.2 ins.: *812 पश्यन्तमवनीतलम् ज्ञात्वा तु तत्कृतं शापं S ins. after 14ab: D4, after 14: *813 तस्मिन्काले तु तच्छ्रुत्वा धात्री तेषां वचोऽब्रवीत् किं न ब्रूत कुमारा वः पितरं वै द्विजर्षभम् After 14cd, T G ins.: *814 प्रब्रूत तत्त्वतः क्षिप्रं कश्चासौ क्व च वर्तते S ins. after 14: D4, after 813*: *815 एवमुक्ताः कुमारास्ते देवयान्या सुमध्यया
तेऽदर्शयन्प्रदेशिन्या तमेव नृपसत्तमम् शर्मिष्ठां मातरं चैव तस्याचख्युश्च दारकाः
M. N. Dutt: The children then pointed to the king with their fingers and said that Sharmishtha was their mother.
Supplementary Passages:
1.78.15 After 15, S (G3 M om. line 3) ins.: *816 ऋषिश्च ब्राह्मणश्चैव द्विजातिश्चैव नः पिता शर्मिष्ठा नानृतं ब्रूयाद्देवयानि क्षमस्व वै तया रहः पृच्छ्यमानास्तथ्यमूचुश्च दारकाः
इत्युक्त्वा सहितास्ते तु राजानमुपचक्रमुः नाभ्यनन्दत तान्राजा देवयान्यास्तदान्तिके रुदन्तस्तेऽथ शर्मिष्ठामभ्ययुर्बालकास्ततः
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said : Having said this, they came to the king to clasp his knees. But the king dared not caress them before Devayani.
Supplementary Passages:
1.78.16 After 16, D4 S (T2 G for the first time) read 25ab; then ins.: *817 नातिदूराच्च राजानमवातिष्ठदवाङ्मुखी
दृष्ट्वा तु तेषां बालानां प्रणयं पार्थिवं प्रति बुद्ध्वा च तत्त्वतो देवी शर्मिष्ठामिदमब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: Seeing the affection of the boys towards the king, (Devayani) understood all. All the addressed Sharmishtha thus :
Supplementary Passages:
1.78.17 After 17, S (except M3) ins.: *818 श्रुत्वा तु तेषां बालानां सव्रीड इव पार्थिवः प्रतिवक्तुमशक्तोऽभूत्तूष्णींभूतोऽभवन्नृपः गृहीत्वा तु करे रोषाच्छर्मिष्ठां पुनरब्रवीत् K0.4 Ñ (om. lines 1,3) B5 (om. lines 1,3) Dn3 D1 (om. lines 2,3).4 M3 ins. after 17: Da (om. line 3), after 18: T G M5-8, after 818*: *819 देवयान्युवाच अभ्यागच्छति मां कश्चिदृषिरित्येवमब्रवीत् ययातिमेव नूनं त्वं प्रोत्साहयसि भामिनि पूर्वमेव मया प्रोक्तं त्वया तु वृजिनं कृतम्
मदधीना सती कस्मादकार्षीर्विप्रियं मम तमेवासुरधर्मं त्वमास्थिता न बिभेषि किम्
M. N. Dutt: Devayani said : How have you dared to do me an injury, dependant as you are on me? Do you not fear to have recourse once more to your Asura conduct?
शर्मिष्ठोवाच यदुक्तमृषिरित्येव तत्सत्यं चारुहासिनि न्यायतो धर्मतश्चैव चरन्ती न बिभेमि ते
M. N. Dutt: Sharmishtha said: O lady of sweet smiles! all that I told you about the Rishi is quite true. My acts were according to the precepts of virtue and right.
यदा त्वया वृतो राजा वृत एव तदा मया सखीभर्ता हि धर्मेण भर्ता भवति शोभने
AI Translation: When you chose the king, I chose him too. For a husband's friend is a husband in truth, O fair one.
पूज्यासि मम मान्या च ज्येष्ठा श्रेष्ठा च ब्राह्मणी त्वत्तोऽपि मे पूज्यतमो राजर्षिः किं न वेत्थ तत्
AI Translation: You are worthy of worship, worthy of respect, the eldest, the best, the Brahmin woman. Even more worthy of worship than you is the royal sage. Do you not know that?
Supplementary Passages:
1.78.21 After 21, D4 S ins.: *820 तव पित्रा मे गुरुणा सहदत्ते उभे शुभे ततो भर्ता च पूज्यश्च पोष्यां पोषयतीह माम्
वैशंपायन उवाच श्रुत्वा तस्यास्ततो वाक्यं देवयान्यब्रवीदिदम् राजन्नाद्येह वत्स्यामि विप्रियं मे कृतं त्वया
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said : Having heard these words, Devayani said, "O king, you have wronged me, I will not live here any longer."
Supplementary Passages:
1.78.22 S ins. after 22: D4, after 22ab: *821 रमस्वेह यथाकामं देव्या शर्मिष्ठया सह प्रतिजज्वाल कोपेन देवयानी तदा भृशम् निर्दहन्तीव सव्रीडां शर्मिष्ठां समुदीक्ष्य च अपविध्य च सर्वाणि भूषणान्यसितेक्षणा
सहसोत्पतितां श्यामां दृष्ट्वा तां साश्रुलोचनाम् त्वरितं सकाशं काव्यस्य प्रस्थितां व्यथितस्तदा
M. N. Dutt: Having said this, she with tearful eyes quickly rose to go away to her father. And the king was grieved to see her thus angry.
अनुवव्राज संभ्रान्तः पृष्ठतः सान्त्वयन्नृपः न्यवर्तत न चैव स्म क्रोधसंरक्तलोचना
M. N. Dutt: He became very much alarmed; and he followed her, trying to appease her wrath. But she did not return. Her eyes were red in anger.
अविब्रुवन्ती किंचित्तु राजानं चारुलोचना अचिरादिव संप्राप्ता काव्यस्योशनसोऽन्तिकम्
M. N. Dutt: She did not speak a word to the king, but she, with her eyes full of tears, soon reached her father, Ushanas, the son of Kavi.
सा तु दृष्ट्वैव पितरमभिवाद्याग्रतः स्थिता अनन्तरं ययातिस्तु पूजयामास भार्गवम्
M. N. Dutt: Seeing her father, she made to him due salutation and stood before him. Yayati also came immediately after her and he saluted and worshipped the son of Bhrigu.
देवयान्युवाच अधर्मेण जितो धर्मः प्रवृत्तमधरोत्तरम् शर्मिष्ठयातिवृत्तास्मि दुहित्रा वृषपर्वणः
M. N. Dutt: Devayani said: O father, virtue has been defeated by vice. The low have risen and the high have fallen. I have been insulted by the daughter of Vrishaparva.
त्रयोऽस्यां जनिताः पुत्रा राज्ञानेन ययातिना दुर्भगाया मम द्वौ तु पुत्रौ तात ब्रवीमि ते
M. N. Dutt: Three sons have been begotten on her by this king Yayati. O father, unfortunate am I! I have got only two sons.
धर्मज्ञ इति विख्यात एष राजा भृगूद्वह अतिक्रान्तश्च मर्यादां काव्यैतत्कथयामि ते
M. N. Dutt: O son of Bhrigu, this king is renowned for his knowledge in religion and virtue. But, O son of Kavi, I tell you, he has fallen from the path of virtue.
शुक्र उवाच धर्मज्ञः सन्महाराज योऽधर्ममकृथाः प्रियम् तस्माज्जरा त्वामचिराद्धर्षयिष्यति दुर्जया
M. N. Dutt: Shukra said: ( king, as you have made vice your favourite pursuit, though well-acquainted with the precepts of virtue, terrible decrepitude will overtake you.
ययातिरुवाच ऋतुं वै याचमानाया भगवन्नान्यचेतसा दुहितुर्दानवेन्द्रस्य धर्म्यमेतत्कृतं मया
AI Translation: Yayāti said: O Lord, I have done this righteous act for the daughter of the lord of demons, who was asking for a season, with a mind not directed elsewhere.
ऋतुं वै याचमानाया न ददाति पुमान्वृतः भ्रूणहेत्युच्यते ब्रह्मन्स इह ब्रह्मवादिभिः
AI Translation: When a man, being solicited, does not give to one who is asking for a season, he is called a foe of the embryo, O Brahman, by the expounders of the Veda here.
अभिकामां स्त्रियं यस्तु गम्यां रहसि याचितः नोपैति स च धर्मेषु भ्रूणहेत्युच्यते बुधैः
AI Translation: One who, being asked by a woman who is desirous of him and who is available, does not approach her in private, is called a foe of Dharma by the wise.
Supplementary Passages:
1.78.33 After 33, D4 (om. line 3) S (except T2) ins.: *822 यद्यद्याचति मां कश्चित्तत्तद्देयमिति व्रतम् त्वयापि सा च दत्ता मे नान्यं नाथमिहेच्छति मत्वैतन्मम धर्मं तु कृतं ब्रह्मन्क्षमस्व माम्
इत्येतानि समीक्ष्याहं कारणानि भृगूद्वह अधर्मभयसंविग्नः शर्मिष्ठामुपजग्मिवान्
M. N. Dutt: O son of Bhrigu, for these reason and being afraid of committing a sin, I went to Sharmishtha.
शुक्र उवाच नन्वहं प्रत्यवेक्ष्यस्ते मदधीनोऽसि पार्थिव मिथ्याचारस्य धर्मेषु चौर्यं भवति नाहुष
M. N. Dutt: Shukra said: O king, you are dependent on me. You should have waited to receive my command. O son of Nahusha, having acted falsely in the matter of your duty, you have committed the sin of theft.
वैशंपायन उवाच क्रुद्धेनोशनसा शप्तो ययातिर्नाहुषस्तदा पूर्वं वयः परित्यज्य जरां सद्योऽन्वपद्यत
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said :; Thus being cursed by the angry Ushanas, Yayati, the son of Nahusha, was then deprived of his youth and terrible decrepitude soon overcame him.
ययातिरुवाच अतृप्तो यौवनस्याहं देवयान्यां भृगूद्वह प्रसादं कुरु मे ब्रह्मञ्जरेयं मा विशेत माम्
M. N. Dutt: Yayati said : O son of Bhrigu, I have not been as yet satiated with youth of Devayani. Therefore, O Brahmana, be graceful to Let not decrepitude overcome me. me.
शुक्र उवाच नाहं मृषा ब्रवीम्येतज्जरां प्राप्तोऽसि भूमिप जरां त्वेतां त्वमन्यस्मै संक्रामय यदीच्छसि
M. N. Dutt: Shukra said : I never speak an untruth, O king, (see), you have been immediately attacked by old age. But if you like, you can transfer this decrepitude to some other man.
ययातिरुवाच राज्यभाक्स भवेद्ब्रह्मन्पुण्यभाक्कीर्तिभाक्तथा यो मे दद्याद्वयः पुत्रस्तद्भवाननुमन्यताम्
M. N. Dutt: Yayati said : O Brahmana, let this be ordered by you that, the son of mine who will accept my this old age will enjoy my kingdom and gain both virtue and fame.
शुक्र उवाच संक्रामयिष्यसि जरां यथेष्टं नहुषात्मज मामनुध्याय भावेन न च पापमवाप्स्यसि
AI Translation: Shukra said: O son of Nahusha, you will be able to transfer old age as you wish. By contemplating on me with devotion, you will not incur any sin.
Supplementary Passages:
1.78.40 After śukra u., K0.4 D2.5 ins.: *823 पुत्रो ज्येष्ठः कनिष्ठो वा यो ददाति वयस्तव
वयो दास्यति ते पुत्रो यः स राजा भविष्यति आयुष्मान्कीर्तिमांश्चैव बह्वपत्यस्तथैव च
AI Translation: Your son will give you youth, and he will become king. He will be long-lived, famous, and have many children.