Critical Edition
वैशंपायन उवाच ततः पुत्रशतं जज्ञे गान्धार्यां जनमेजय धृतराष्ट्रस्य वैश्यायामेकश्चापि शतात्परः
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said: O Janamejaya, one hundred sons of Dhritarashtra were born in the womb of Gandhari. Besides these one hundred sons, one more was born by a Vaishya wife.
पाण्डोः कुन्त्यां च माद्र्यां च पञ्च पुत्रा महारथाः देवेभ्यः समपद्यन्त संतानाय कुलस्य वै
M. N. Dutt: Pandu had by his wives) Kunti and Madri five sons, all great car warriors, who were all begotten by celestial for the perpetuation of the (Kuru) dynasty.
जनमेजय उवाच कथं पुत्रशतं जज्ञे गान्धार्यां द्विजसत्तम कियता चैव कालेन तेषामायुश्च किं परम्
M. N. Dutt: Janamejaya said : O best of the twice born, why did Gandhari give birth to one hundred sons? In how many years (they were born)? What was their period of life?
कथं चैकः स वैश्यायां धृतराष्ट्रसुतोऽभवत् कथं च सदृशीं भार्यां गान्धारीं धर्मचारिणीम् आनुकूल्ये वर्तमानां धृतराष्ट्रोऽत्यवर्तत
M. N. Dutt: How did Dhritarashtra beget a son on a Vaishya wife? How did Dhritarashtra behave towards his loving, obedient and virtuous wife, Gandhari?
कथं च शप्तस्य सतः पाण्डोस्तेन महात्मना समुत्पन्ना दैवतेभ्यः पञ्च पुत्रा महारथाः
M. N. Dutt: How were born the five sons of Pandu, those great car warriors, through cursed by the high-souled man (the Rishi in the form of deer)?
एतद्विद्वन्यथावृत्तं विस्तरेण तपोधन कथयस्व न मे तृप्तिः कथ्यमानेषु बन्धुषु
AI Translation: O you who are rich in austerities, please tell me in detail how this happened, as you know it. I am not satisfied with the stories of my relatives.
वैशंपायन उवाच क्षुच्छ्रमाभिपरिग्लानं द्वैपायनमुपस्थितम् तोषयामास गान्धारी व्यासस्तस्यै वरं ददौ
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said : One day Gandhari gratified Dvaipayana who came hungry and fatigued. Vyasa granted her a boon.
सा वव्रे सदृशं भर्तुः पुत्राणां शतमात्मनः ततः कालेन सा गर्भं धृतराष्ट्रादथाग्रहीत्
M. N. Dutt: (Namely) that she should have one hundred sons like her husband. Sometime after she conceived by Dhritarashtra.
Supplementary Passages:
1.107.8 After 8, S ins.: *1135 गान्धार्यामाहिते गर्भे पाण्डुरम्बालिकासुतः अगच्छत्परमं दुःखमपत्यार्थमरिंदम गर्भिण्यामथ गान्धार्यां पाण्डुः परमदुःखितः मृगाभिशापादात्मानं शोचन्नुपरतक्रियः स गत्वा तपसा सिद्धिं विश्वामित्रो यथा भुवि देहन्यासे कृतमना इदं वचनमब्रवीत्
संवत्सरद्वयं तं तु गान्धारी गर्भमाहितम् अप्रजा धारयामास ततस्तां दुःखमाविशत्
M. N. Dutt: She bore the burden in her womb for two years without being delivered; she was, therefore, much afflicted with grief.
श्रुत्वा कुन्तीसुतं जातं बालार्कसमतेजसम् उदरस्यात्मनः स्थैर्यमुपलभ्यान्वचिन्तयत्
AI Translation: Hearing that the son of Kunti had been born, with a brilliance like the rising sun, and perceiving the stability of her own womb, she reflected,
अज्ञातं धृतराष्ट्रस्य यत्नेन महता ततः सोदरं पातयामास गान्धारी दुःखमूर्च्छिता
AI Translation: Then, with great effort, he concealed it from Dhritarashtra. His sister, unconscious with grief, brought him down.
ततो जज्ञे मांसपेशी लोहाष्ठीलेव संहता द्विवर्षसंभृतां कुक्षौ तामुत्स्रष्टुं प्रचक्रमे
AI Translation: Then a mass of flesh was born, like a lump of iron ore. She began to give birth to the child that had been conceived for two years.
अथ द्वैपायनो ज्ञात्वा त्वरितः समुपागमत् तां स मांसमयीं पेशीं ददर्श जपतां वरः
AI Translation: Then Dvaipāyana, having understood, quickly approached. That best of reciters saw that mass of flesh.
ततोऽब्रवीत्सौबलेयीं किमिदं ते चिकीर्षितम् सा चात्मनो मतं सत्यं शशंस परमर्षये
M. N. Dutt: The best of ascetics (Vyasa) saw that mass of flesh and asked the daughter of Subala, “What have you done?” And she (Gandhari) told her real feeling to the great Rishi.
ज्येष्ठं कुन्तीसुतं जातं श्रुत्वा रविसमप्रभम् दुःखेन परमेणेदमुदरं पातितं मया
AI Translation: Hearing of the birth of Kunti's eldest son, who was as radiant as the sun, I have fallen to the ground in the greatest sorrow.
शतं च किल पुत्राणां वितीर्णं मे त्वया पुरा इयं च मे मांसपेशी जाता पुत्रशताय वै
AI Translation: "You have given me a hundred sons in the past, And this flesh of mine has become for a hundred sons.
व्यास उवाच एवमेतत्सौबलेयि नैतज्जात्वन्यथा भवेत् वितथं नोक्तपूर्वं मे स्वैरेष्वपि कुतोऽन्यथा
AI Translation: Vyasa said: "Thus it is, O Subala's daughter! It cannot be otherwise." "I have never spoken falsely before, even in jest, how much less otherwise?"
घृतपूर्णं कुण्डशतं क्षिप्रमेव विधीयताम् शीताभिरद्भिरष्ठीलामिमां च परिषिञ्चत
AI Translation: Quickly have a hundred sacrificial pits filled with ghee prepared, and sprinkle this clay with cold water.
Supplementary Passages:
1.107.18 N (except Ñ; for K3 see below) ins. after 18ab (Ś1, after 18): *1136 स्वनुगुप्तेषु देशेषु रक्षा चैव विधीयताम्
वैशंपायन उवाच सा सिच्यमाना अष्ठीला अभवच्छतधा तदा अङ्गुष्ठपर्वमात्राणां गर्भाणां पृथगेव तु
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said : The ball of fresh, being thus sprinkled with water, became divided into hundred parts. They separately became hundred parts, each about the size of the thumb.
एकाधिकशतं पूर्णं यथायोगं विशां पते मांसपेश्यास्तदा राजन्क्रमशः कालपर्ययात्
M. N. Dutt: O king, that ball of fresh in time became gradually one hundred and one separate parts.
Supplementary Passages:
1.107.20 After 20ab, D4 S (except T2) ins.: *1137 ततः कुण्डशतं तत्र आनाय्य तु महानृषिः
ततस्तांस्तेषु कुण्डेषु गर्भानवदधे तदा स्वनुगुप्तेषु देशेषु रक्षां च व्यदधात्ततः
M. N. Dutt: These were then placed into the jars, filled with ghee and they were placed at a concealed spot and were carefully watched.
Supplementary Passages:
1.107.21 S (except M5) ins. after 21 (G2, after 20): *1138 शशास चैव कृष्णो वै गर्भाणां रक्षणं तदा
शशास चैव भगवान्कालेनैतावता पुनः विघट्टनीयान्येतानि कुण्डानीति स्म सौबलीम्
M. N. Dutt: The illustrious (Vyasa) then said to the daughter of Subala that she should open the covers of the jars after full two years.
Supplementary Passages:
1.107.22 After 22, S (except M5) ins.: *1139 अह्नोत्तरा कुमारास्ते कुण्डेभ्यस्तु समुत्थिताः
इत्युक्त्वा भगवान्व्यासस्तथा प्रतिविधाय च जगाम तपसे धीमान्हिमवन्तं शिलोच्चयम्
M. N. Dutt: Having said this and having made these arrangements, the illustrious and wise Vyasa went to the Himalayas mountains to perform his penances.
Supplementary Passages:
1.107.23 For 23, S subst.: *1140 एवं संदिश्य कौरव्य कृष्णद्वैपायनस्तदा जगाम पर्वतायैव तपसे संशितव्रतः
जज्ञे क्रमेण चैतेन तेषां दुर्योधनो नृपः जन्मतस्तु प्रमाणेन ज्येष्ठो राजा युधिष्ठिरः
M. N. Dutt: King Duryodhana was then in time born from them (the parts of the fleshy ball). According to the order of birth, Yudhisthira was the eldest.
Supplementary Passages:
1.107.24 After 24, G3 ins. a passage of 48 lines given in App. I (No. 62); while N ins.: *1141 तदाख्यातं तु भीष्माय विदुराय च धीमते N (except Ś1 K1; K2 om. lines 3-6) cont.: *1142 यस्मिन्नहनि दुर्धर्षो जज्ञे दुर्योधनस्तदा तस्मिन्नेव महाबाहुर्जज्ञे भीमोऽपि वीर्यवान् स जातमात्र एवाथ धृतराष्ट्रसुतो नृप रासभारावसदृशं रुराव च ननाद च तं खराः प्रत्यभाषन्त गृध्रगोमायुवायसाः वाताश्च प्रववुश्चापि दिग्दाहश्चाभवत्तदा
जातमात्रे सुते तस्मिन्धृतराष्ट्रोऽब्रवीदिदम् समानीय बहून्विप्रान्भीष्मं विदुरमेव च
AI Translation: As soon as the son was born, Dhritarashtra said this: Having summoned many Brahmins, Bhishma and Vidura,
Supplementary Passages:
1.107.25 For 25ab, S subst.: *1143 दुर्योधने जातमात्रे दिक्षु सर्वासु भारत क्रव्यादाः प्राणदन्घोराः शिवाश्चाशिवनिस्वनाः ववर्ष रुधिरं देवो भयमावेदयन्महत् एतस्मिन्नन्तरे राजा धृतराष्ट्रोऽम्बिकासुतः After 25, N ins.: *1144 अन्यांश्च सुहृदो राजन्कुरून्सर्वांस्तथैव च
युधिष्ठिरो राजपुत्रो ज्येष्ठो नः कुलवर्धनः प्राप्तः स्वगुणतो राज्यं न तस्मिन्वाच्यमस्ति नः
M. N. Dutt: “The eldest of the princes, Yudhisthira is the perpetuator of your race. He has acquired the kingdom by virtue of his birth. We have nothing to say to this.
अयं त्वनन्तरस्तस्मादपि राजा भविष्यति एतद्धि ब्रूत मे सत्यं यदत्र भविता ध्रुवम्
M. N. Dutt: "But will my son be able to become king after hi“? Tell me what is right and lawful.
Supplementary Passages:
1.107.27 After 27, S (except G1) ins.: *1145 अस्मिञ्जाते निमित्तानि शंसन्ति ह्यशिवं महत् अतो ब्रवीमि विदुर द्रुतं मां भयमाविशत्
वाक्यस्यैतस्य निधने दिक्षु सर्वासु भारत क्रव्यादाः प्राणदन्घोराः शिवाश्चाशिवशंसिनः
M. N. Dutt: O descendant of the Bharata race, jackals and other carnivorous animals began to how! ominously from all sides.
लक्षयित्वा निमित्तानि तानि घोराणि सर्वशः तेऽब्रुवन्ब्राह्मणा राजन्विदुरश्च महामतिः
AI Translation: Having ascertained all those terrible omens, those Brahmanas and the very wise Vidura said to the king,
Supplementary Passages:
1.107.29 After 29, N ins.: *1146 यथेमानि निमित्तानि घोराणि मनुजाधिप उत्थितानि सुते जाते ज्येष्ठे ते पुरुषर्षभ K0 D5 ins. after 1146*: D4, after 30: *1147 एष दुर्योधनो राजा श्यामः पिङ्गललोचनः न केवलं कुलस्यान्तं क्षत्रियान्तं करिष्यति
व्यक्तं कुलान्तकरणो भवितैष सुतस्तव तस्य शान्तिः परित्यागे पुष्ट्या त्वपनयो महान्
AI Translation: It is clear that this son of yours will be the destroyer of the family. His appeasement is in abandonment, and your prosperity is in his great destruction.
शतमेकोनमप्यस्तु पुत्राणां ते महीपते एकेन कुरु वै क्षेमं लोकस्य च कुलस्य च
AI Translation: Let there be ninety-nine sons for you, O lord of the earth, Let one of them bring welfare to the world and to your family.
Supplementary Passages:
1.107.31 After 31ab, N ins.: *1148 त्यजैनमेकं शान्तिं चेत्कुलस्येच्छसि भारत
त्यजेदेकं कुलस्यार्थे ग्रामस्यार्थे कुलं त्यजेत् ग्रामं जनपदस्यार्थे आत्मार्थे पृथिवीं त्यजेत्
AI Translation: For the sake of the family, one should give up one thing; for the sake of the village, one should give up the family; For the sake of the country, one should give up the village; for one's own sake, one should give up the earth.
स तथा विदुरेणोक्तस्तैश्च सर्वैर्द्विजोत्तमैः न चकार तथा राजा पुत्रस्नेहसमन्वितः
AI Translation: Thus addressed by Vidura and those best of Brahmins, the king, full of affection for his son, did not act accordingly.
ततः पुत्रशतं सर्वं धृतराष्ट्रस्य पार्थिव मासमात्रेण संजज्ञे कन्या चैका शताधिका
AI Translation: Then, in a month, all the hundred sons of King Dhritarashtra were born, and one daughter more.
गान्धार्यां क्लिश्यमानायामुदरेण विवर्धता धृतराष्ट्रं महाबाहुं वैश्या पर्यचरत्किल
AI Translation: When Gandhāri was suffering from her growing belly, the low-caste woman served Dhritarashtra, the mighty-armed one.
तस्मिन्संवत्सरे राजन्धृतराष्ट्रान्महायशाः जज्ञे धीमांस्ततस्तस्यां युयुत्सुः करणो नृप
AI Translation: In that year, from Dhritarashtra, the very famous king, the wise Yuyutsu was born to her, and Karna.
एवं पुत्रशतं जज्ञे धृतराष्ट्रस्य धीमतः महारथानां वीराणां कन्या चैकाथ दुःशला
AI Translation: Thus was born a hundred sons to the wise Dhritarashtra, and a single daughter, Duhshala, to the heroes, the great warriors.
Supplementary Passages:
1.107.37 K4 Ñ B D ins. after 37 (B5, after 1150*): *1149 युयुत्सुश्च महातेजा वैश्यापुत्रः प्रतापवान् B5 S, on the other hand, ins. after 37: *1150 धृतराष्ट्रस्य राजेन्द्र यथा ते कथितं मया