Critical Edition
संजय उवाच ते हत्वा सर्वपाञ्चालान्द्रौपदेयांश्च सर्वशः अगच्छन्सहितास्तत्र यत्र दुर्योधनो हतः
M. N. Dutt: Sanjaya said "Having killed all the Panchalas and the sons of Draupadi, the three Kuru heroes together came where Duryodhana was lying, struck down by the enemy.
गत्वा चैनमपश्यंस्ते किंचित्प्राणं नराधिपम् ततो रथेभ्यः प्रस्कन्द्य परिवव्रुस्तवात्मजम्
M. N. Dutt: Arrived there, they found that life had not been wholly extinct in the king. Getting down from their cars, they encircled you son.
तं भग्नसक्थं राजेन्द्र कृच्छ्रप्राणमचेतसम् वमन्तं रुधिरं वक्त्रादपश्यन्वसुधातले
M. N. Dutt: The Kuru king, O Sire, was lying there with broken thighs. Almost senseless, his life was about to pass away. He was vomiting blood at times, stretching downwards.
वृतं समन्ताद्बहुभिः श्वापदैर्घोरदर्शनैः शालावृकगणैश्चैव भक्षयिष्यद्भिरन्तिकात्
AI Translation: Surrounded on all sides by many terrible-looking beasts of prey, And by packs of jackals, who were about to devour him.
निवारयन्तं कृच्छ्रात्ताञ्श्वापदान्संचिखादिषून् विवेष्टमानं मह्यां च सुभृशं गाढवेदनम्
AI Translation: Restraining the dogs that were about to devour him in his distress, and rolling on the ground in great pain,
तं शयानं महात्मानं भूमौ स्वरुधिरोक्षितम् हतशिष्टास्त्रयो वीराः शोकार्ताः पर्यवारयन् अश्वत्थामा कृपश्चैव कृतवर्मा च सात्वतः
M. N. Dutt: Seeing him thus lying on the Earth, covered with blood, the three heroes who were the only remnant of his army, viz., Ashvatthaman, Kripa and Kritavarman, were possessed with grief and sat surrounding him.
तैस्त्रिभिः शोणितादिग्धैर्निःश्वसद्भिर्महारथैः शुशुभे संवृतो राजा वेदी त्रिभिरिवाग्निभिः
M. N. Dutt: Encircled by those three great car-warriors who were covered with blood and who sighed heavily, the Kuru king looked like a sacrificial altar surrounded by the tiree heroes weeping in sorrow.
ते तं शयानं संप्रेक्ष्य राजानमतथोचितम् अविषह्येन दुःखेन ततस्ते रुरुदुस्त्रयः
AI Translation: Seeing the king lying there, not in his usual state, those three were overcome with unbearable grief and wept.
Supplementary Passages:
10.9.8 After 8ab, K3 ins.: *40 दुःखादश्रूण्यमुञ्चन्त निःश्वासपरमा नृपः
ततस्ते रुधिरं हस्तैर्मुखान्निर्मृज्य तस्य ह रणे राज्ञः शयानस्य कृपणं पर्यदेवयन्
M. N. Dutt: Wiping the blood from off his face with their hands, they bewailed piteously in the hearing of he king lying prostate on the field of battle.
कृप उवाच न दैवस्यातिभारोऽस्ति यदयं रुधिरोक्षितः एकादशचमूभर्ता शेते दुर्योधनो हतः
M. N. Dutt: Kripa said There is nothing difficult which Destiny cannot bring about, since even this king Duryodhana who was the master of eleven Akshauhinis of troops, sleeps on the necked ground, struck down by the foe and bathed in blood.
पश्य चामीकराभस्य चामीकरविभूषिताम् गदां गदाप्रियस्येमां समीपे पतितां भुवि
M. N. Dutt: See, fond as he was of the mace, that mace made of pure gold is still by the side of the king whose lustre still resembles that of pure gold.
इयमेनं गदा शूरं न जहाति रणे रणे स्वर्गायापि व्रजन्तं हि न जहाति यशस्विनम्
M. N. Dutt: In no battle did that mace leave this hero! Even now, when is about to go to heaven, that weapon abandons not this illustrious hero.
पश्येमां सह वीरेण जाम्बूनदविभूषिताम् शयानां शयने धर्मे भार्यां प्रीतिमतीमिव
M. N. Dutt: See that weapon, made of pure gold, is still by the side of this hero like a loving wife by the side of her husband stretched on his bed in his chamber of sleep.
यो वै मूर्धावसिक्तानामग्रे यातः परंतपः स हतो ग्रसते पांसून्पश्य कालस्य पर्ययम्
M. N. Dutt: Witness the misfortunes brought about Time! This destroyer of enemies who used to walk at the head of all crowned kings, is now। covered with the dust.
येनाजौ निहता भूमावशेरत पुरा द्विषः स भूमौ निहतः शेते कुरुराजः परैरयम्
M. N. Dutt: He who had formerly struck down many enemies and caused them lie on the naked earth that king of the Kurus, lies to-day on the bare ground, struck down by enemies.
भयान्नमन्ति राजानो यस्य स्म शतसंघशः स वीरशयने शेते क्रव्याद्भिः परिवारितः
M. N. Dutt: He to whom hundreds of kings used to bow down in fear, lies to-day on the battle-field, encircled by beasts of prey!
उपासत नृपाः पूर्वमर्थहेतोर्यमीश्वरम् धिक्सद्यो निहतः शेते पश्य कालस्य पर्ययम्
AI Translation: Formerly the kings worshipped Yama, the lord of wealth, for the sake of wealth. See the change of time! Today he is killed and lies down.
Supplementary Passages:
10.9.17 For 17cd, K2 subst., while K3 ins. after 17: *41 तमुपास्यन्त्यरण्येऽद्य मृगगोमायवः स्म ह On the other hand, K5 Ñ1 (by corr.) B Dn D1-5.7 subst. for 17cd: *42 उपासते च तं ह्यद्य क्रव्यादा मांसहेतवः while S subst. for 17cd: *43 तमुपासन्त कौरव्यं क्रव्यादा मांसगृद्धिनः
संजय उवाच तं शयानं नृपश्रेष्ठं ततो भरतसत्तम अश्वत्थामा समालोक्य करुणं पर्यदेवयत्
AI Translation: Sanjaya said: O best of the Bharata lineage, when he saw the best of kings lying down, Ashvatthama looked at him and lamented piteously:
आहुस्त्वां राजशार्दूल मुख्यं सर्वधनुष्मताम् धनाध्यक्षोपमं युद्धे शिष्यं संकर्षणस्य ह
AI Translation: They call you, tiger among kings, the foremost of all archers, Like Kubera in battle, a disciple of Saṅkarṣaṇa.
कथं विवरमद्राक्षीद्भीमसेनस्तवानघ बलिनः कृतिनो नित्यं स च पापात्मवान्नृप
M. N. Dutt: How then, O sinless one, could Bhima find any defect in you. You were ever powerful and skillful. He on the other hand, O king, is a wicked man.
कालो नूनं महाराज लोकेऽस्मिन्बलवत्तरः पश्यामो निहतं त्वां चेद्भीमसेनेन संयुगे
M. N. Dutt: Forsooth, O king, time in this world is more powerful than every thing else, for we see even you struck down by Bhimasena in battle.
कथं त्वां सर्वधर्मज्ञं क्षुद्रः पापो वृकोदरः निकृत्या हतवान्मन्दो नूनं कालो दुरत्ययः
M. N. Dutt: Alas, how could the wretched and mean Vrikodara unfairly strike you down, righteous as you always were in all your action. Forsooth! Time is irresistible.
धर्मयुद्धे ह्यधर्मेण समाहूयौजसा मृधे गदया भीमसेनेन निर्भिन्ने सक्थिनी तव
M. N. Dutt: Alas, having invited you to a fair fight, Bhimasena, displaying his power broke your thighs.
अधर्मेण हतस्याजौ मृद्यमानं पदा शिरः यदुपेक्षितवान्क्षुद्रो धिक्तमस्तु युधिष्ठिरम्
M. N. Dutt: Fie on that retched Yudhishthira who allowed the head of one struck down unfairly in battle to be touched with the foot.
Supplementary Passages:
10.9.24 After 24, K2.4.6 ins.: *44 धिगस्तु तस्य पापस्य मिथ्या धर्मिष्ठवादिनः इदं पापं भीमसेनः कृतवाञ्छद्मना च यत्
युद्धेष्वपवदिष्यन्ति योधा नूनं वृकोदरम् यावत्स्थास्यन्ति भूतानि निकृत्या ह्यसि पातितः
M. N. Dutt: In all battles warriors will certainly censure Vrikodara as long as the world will exist. Forsooth, you have been struck down unrighteously.
ननु रामोऽब्रवीद्राजंस्त्वां सदा यदुनन्दनः दुर्योधनसमो नास्ति गदया इति वीर्यवान्
M. N. Dutt: The valiant Rama of Yadu's family, O king, always used to see that there is 11O one equal to Duryodhana.
श्लाघते त्वां हि वार्ष्णेयो राजन्संसत्सु भारत सुशिष्यो मम कौरव्यो गदायुद्ध इति प्रभो
M. N. Dutt: The Vrishni hero in mace fight, O Bharata, used to boast of you, O lord, in every assembly. Saying, Duryodhana, of the race of Kuru, is a worthy disciple of mine.
यां गतिं क्षत्रियस्याहुः प्रशस्तां परमर्षयः हतस्याभिमुखस्याजौ प्राप्तस्त्वमसि तां गतिम्
M. N. Dutt: You have achieved that end which Rishis consider to be the mate of a Kshatriya killed in battle facing the foe.
दुर्योधन न शोचामि त्वामहं पुरुषर्षभ हतपुत्रां तु शोचामि गान्धारीं पितरं च ते भिक्षुकौ विचरिष्येते शोचन्तौ पृथिवीमिमाम्
M. N. Dutt: I do not, O foremost of men, grieve for you, O Duryodhana! I grieve only for your mother Gandhari and your father, childless as they now are.
Supplementary Passages:
10.9.29 After 29cd, S ins. (cf. 5. 123. 20ab): *45 यावनाथौ कृतौ वीर त्वया नाथेन वध्यता
धिगस्तु कृष्णं वार्ष्णेयमर्जुनं चापि दुर्मतिम् धर्मज्ञमानिनौ यौ त्वां वध्यमानमुपेक्षताम्
AI Translation: Fie on Krishna, the son of Vasudeva, and on the ill-minded Arjuna, who, though knowing the law, and proud of it, disregarded you when you were being killed.
पाण्डवाश्चापि ते सर्वे किं वक्ष्यन्ति नराधिपान् कथं दुर्योधनोऽस्माभिर्हत इत्यनपत्रपाः
M. N. Dutt: They consider themselves as moral, yet both of them were indifferent while you were killed! How will the other Pandavas, shameless as they are, O king, speak of the manner in which they have brought about your death?
धन्यस्त्वमसि गान्धारे यस्त्वमायोधने हतः प्रयातोऽभिमुखः शत्रून्धर्मेण पुरुषर्षभ
M. N. Dutt: You are highly fortunate, O son of Gandhari, since you have been killed on the field of battle, O foremost of men, while fighting fairly with the enemy.
हतपुत्रा हि गान्धारी निहतज्ञातिबान्धवा प्रज्ञाचक्षुश्च दुर्धर्षः कां गतिं प्रतिपत्स्यते
M. N. Dutt: Alas, what will be the condition of Gandhari who is now childless, and who had lost all her kinsmen and relatives what also will be the condition of the blind king.
धिगस्तु कृतवर्माणं मां कृपं च महारथम् ये वयं न गताः स्वर्गं त्वां पुरस्कृत्य पार्थिवम्
M. N. Dutt: Fie on Kritavarma, on myself, as also on the powerful car-warrior Kripa, since we have not yet gone to heaven with your royal self.
दातारं सर्वकामानां रक्षितारं प्रजाहितम् यद्वयं नानुगच्छामस्त्वां धिगस्मान्नराधमान्
M. N. Dutt: Fie on us, mean as we are, since we do not follow you-the grantor of all wishes the protector of all men, and the benefactor of all your subjects.
कृपस्य तव वीर्येण मम चैव पितुश्च मे सभृत्यानां नरव्याघ्र रत्नवन्ति गृहाणि च
M. N. Dutt: through you the houses of Kripa, of myself, and of my father, as well as those of our dependents, are full of riches.
भवत्प्रसादादस्माभिः समित्रैः सहबान्धवैः अवाप्ताः क्रतवो मुख्या बहवो भूरिदक्षिणाः
M. N. Dutt: Through your grace, ourselves with our friends and relatives have celebrated many leading sacrifices with profuse presents to Brahmanas.
कुतश्चापीदृशं सार्थमुपलप्स्यामहे वयम् यादृशेन पुरस्कृत्य त्वं गतः सर्वपार्थिवान्
M. N. Dutt: Where shall such sinful persons as ourselves now go, since you have gone to heaven taking with you all the kings of the Earth?
वयमेव त्रयो राजन्गच्छन्तं परमां गतिम् यद्वै त्वां नानुगच्छामस्तेन तप्स्यामहे वयम्
M. N. Dutt: Because we three, O king, do not follow you who are about to achieve the highest end (of life), we are bewailing thus.
त्वत्स्वर्गहीना हीनार्थाः स्मरन्तः सुकृतस्य ते किं नाम तद्भवेत्कर्म येन त्वानुव्रजेम वै
M. N. Dutt: Deprived of your company, of wealth, alas, what will be our lot since we do not follow you.
दुःखं नूनं कुरुश्रेष्ठ चरिष्यामो महीमिमाम् हीनानां नस्त्वया राजन्कुतः शान्तिः कुतः सुखम्
M. N. Dutt: Forsooth, O Kuru king, we shall have to rove in sorrow on the Earth! Deprived of you, O king, where can we enjoy peace and where can we have happiness.
गत्वैतांस्तु महाराज समेत्य त्वं महारथान् यथाश्रेष्ठं यथाज्येष्ठं पूजयेर्वचनान्मम
M. N. Dutt: Going from this world, O king, and meeting with those powerful car-warriors gone before you, show your respect to them, at the request, according to their rank and age.
आचार्यं पूजयित्वा च केतुं सर्वधनुष्मताम् हतं मयाद्य शंसेथा धृष्टद्युम्नं नराधिप
M. N. Dutt: Having adored your preceptor, preceptor, that foremost of bowmen, tell hiin, O king, that Dhrishtadyumna has been killed by me.
परिष्वजेथा राजानं बाह्लिकं सुमहारथम् सैन्धवं सोमदत्तं च भूरिश्रवसमेव च
AI Translation: Embrace the king, the great warrior Bāhlīka, and Saindhava, Somadatta, and Bhūriśravā.
तथा पूर्वगतानन्यान्स्वर्गं पार्थिवसत्तमान् अस्मद्वाक्यात्परिष्वज्य पृच्छेथास्त्वमनामयम्
AI Translation: And the other former kings, the best of kings, who have gone to heaven, Embracing them at my words, you should ask them about your welfare.
इत्येवमुक्त्वा राजानं भग्नसक्थमचेतसम् अश्वत्थामा समुद्वीक्ष्य पुनर्वचनमब्रवीत्
AI Translation: Having thus spoken to the king, whose thighs were broken and who was unconscious, Ashvatthama, looking up again, spoke these words:
दुर्योधन जीवसि चेद्वाचं श्रोत्रसुखां शृणु सप्त पाण्डवतः शेषा धार्तराष्ट्रास्त्रयो वयम्
AI Translation: If you are alive, O Duryodhana, listen to words that are pleasing to the ear. Of the seven Pandavas, only three of us, the sons of Dhritarashtra, remain.
ते चैव भ्रातरः पञ्च वासुदेवोऽथ सात्यकिः अहं च कृतवर्मा च कृपः शारद्वतस्तथा
M. N. Dutt: Then seven on their side and are the five brothers and Vasudeva and Satyaki; on our side, we three are myself and Kripa and Kritavarman.
द्रौपदेया हताः सर्वे धृष्टद्युम्नस्य चात्मजाः पाञ्चाला निहताः सर्वे मत्स्यशेषं च भारत
M. N. Dutt: All the sons of Draupadi as also all the children of Dhrishtadyumna have been killed. All the Panchalas, too, as also the remnant of the Matsyas, O Bharata, have been killed.
कृते प्रतिकृतं पश्य हतपुत्रा हि पाण्डवाः सौप्तिके शिबिरं तेषां हतं सनरवाहनम्
M. N. Dutt: Mark the vengeance taken for their offense. The Pandavas are now childless. While asleep, the men and animals in their camp have all been killed.
मया च पापकर्मासौ धृष्टद्युम्नो महीपते प्रविश्य शिबिरं रात्रौ पशुमारेण मारितः
M. N. Dutt: Entering into their camp in the night, O king, I have killed the sinful Dhrishtadyumna, as one kills an animal.'
दुर्योधनस्तु तां वाचं निशम्य मनसः प्रियाम् प्रतिलभ्य पुनश्चेत इदं वचनमब्रवीत्
AI Translation: Hearing those words that were pleasing to the mind, Duryodhana, having regained his senses, spoke these words:
न मेऽकरोत्तद्गाङ्गेयो न कर्णो न च ते पिता यत्त्वया कृपभोजाभ्यां सहितेनाद्य मे कृतम्
AI Translation: The son of Ganga did not do it, nor did Karna, nor did your father. What you have done today, together with Kripa and Bhoja.
स चेत्सेनापतिः क्षुद्रो हतः सार्धं शिखण्डिना तेन मन्ये मघवता सममात्मानमद्य वै
M. N. Dutt: You have killed that mean wretch, viz., Dhrishtadyumna, who was the Commander of the Pandava forces, as also Shikhandin. For this I regard myself equal to Indra himself.
स्वस्ति प्राप्नुत भद्रं वः स्वर्गे नः संगमः पुनः इत्येवमुक्त्वा तूष्णीं स कुरुराजो महामनाः प्राणानुदसृजद्वीरः सुहृदां शोकमादधत्
M. N. Dutt: Good be to you all. May you prosper. All of US will again meet together in heaven.'-Having said this the great king of the Kurus became silent.
Supplementary Passages:
10.9.55 After 55, K2.3 ins.: *46 समुत्सृष्टेषु विधिना प्राणेषु गगनं गते विद्युत्तेजःसमः प्रायात्कृपाद्याः कौतुकान्विताः On the other hand, Ñ1 B Dn D1-5.7 ins. after 55: *47 आक्रामत दिवं पुण्यां शरीरं क्षितिमाविशत् एवं ते निधनं यातः पुत्रो दुर्योधनो नृप अग्रे यात्वा रणे शूरः पश्चाद्विनिहतः परैः
तथेति ते परिष्वक्ताः परिष्वज्य च तं नृपम् पुनः पुनः प्रेक्षमाणाः स्वकानारुरुहू रथान्
M. N. Dutt: The three heroes repeatedly embraced the king and looked steadfastly at him. They then got upon their cars.
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10.9.56 K3 ins. after 56ab: K2 after 46*: *48 विमानसंस्थमाकाशे ददृशुस्ते सुयोधनम् ऐन्द्रैर्गणैः परिवृतं दिव्यमाल्यानुलेपनम् साधु साध्विति भाषन्तं कृपादीनां पुनः पुनः
इत्येवं तव पुत्रस्य निशम्य करुणां गिरम् प्रत्यूषकाले शोकार्तः प्राधावं नगरं प्रति
M. N. Dutt: Having heard the piteous cries of Drona's son, I came away early in the morning towards the city.
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10.9.57 After 57, Ś K Ñ1 B Dn D1-5.7 G3 ins.: *49 एवमेष क्षयो वृत्तः कुरुपाण्डवसेनयोः घोरो विशसनो रौद्रो राजन्दुर्मन्त्रिते तव
तव पुत्रे गते स्वर्गं शोकार्तस्य ममानघ ऋषिदत्तं प्रनष्टं तद्दिव्यदर्शित्वमद्य वै
M. N. Dutt: After your son's death, I was stricken with grief and the spiritual insight which the Rishi gave, has been lost by me.”
वैशंपायन उवाच इति श्रुत्वा स नृपतिः पुत्रज्ञातिवधं तदा निःश्वस्य दीर्घमुष्णं च ततश्चिन्तापरोऽभवत्
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said "Hearing of his son's death, the king, sighed heavily and was stricken with great anxiety."