Critical Edition
याज्ञवल्क्य उवाच एते प्रधानस्य गुणास्त्रयः पुरुषसत्तम कृत्स्नस्य चैव जगतस्तिष्ठन्त्यनपगाः सदा
AI Translation: Yājñavalkya said: These three qualities of the primordial are the best for the Puruṣa, And they always remain inseparable from the entire universe.
Supplementary Passages:
12.302.1 After 1, K6 V1 B0.6.7.8 (marg.).9 Da3.a4 Dn1.n4 Ds D2.3.5.7.8 Cv editions ins.: *769 अव्यक्तरूपो भगवाञ्शतधा च सहस्रशः
शतधा सहस्रधा चैव तथा शतसहस्रधा कोटिशश्च करोत्येष प्रत्यगात्मानमात्मना
AI Translation: He divides himself into a hundred, a thousand, and a hundred thousand times, and into crores, by himself, through his own self.
सात्त्विकस्योत्तमं स्थानं राजसस्येह मध्यमम् तामसस्याधमं स्थानं प्राहुरध्यात्मचिन्तकाः
AI Translation: The best position is that of the Sattva quality, the middle one is that of the Rajas quality, and the lowest one is that of the Tamas quality, say the thinkers of the Self
केवलेनेह पुण्येन गतिमूर्ध्वामवाप्नुयात् पुण्यपापेन मानुष्यमधर्मेणाप्यधोगतिम्
AI Translation: By mere merit one would attain the highest state. By merit and demerit one would attain the human state. By evil one would attain the lowest state.
द्वंद्वमेषां त्रयाणां तु संनिपातं च तत्त्वतः सत्त्वस्य रजसश्चैव तमसश्च शृणुष्व मे
AI Translation: The union of these three, and their true nature, Listen to me about the union of sattva, rajas, and tamas.
सत्त्वस्य तु रजो दृष्टं रजसश्च तमस्तथा तमसश्च तथा सत्त्वं सत्त्वस्याव्यक्तमेव च
AI Translation: The Rajas is seen in the Sattva, and the Tamas in the Rajas, and the Sattva in the Tamas, and the Unmanifest in the Sattva.
Supplementary Passages:
12.302.6 After 6, K1 ins.: *770 सत्त्वं प्रपद्यते सत्त्वादव्यक्ताद्व्यक्तमेव च
अव्यक्तसत्त्वसंयुक्तो देवलोकमवाप्नुयात् रजःसत्त्वसमायुक्तो मनुष्येषूपपद्यते
AI Translation: He who is united with the unmanifest sattva attains the world of the gods. He who is united with rajas and sattva is reborn among men.
रजस्तमोभ्यां संयुक्तस्तिर्यग्योनिषु जायते रजस्तामससत्त्वैश्च युक्तो मानुष्यमाप्नुयात्
AI Translation: When he is united with Rajas and Tamas, he is born in the animal world. When he is united with Rajas, Tamas and Sattva, he attains human birth.
पुण्यपापवियुक्तानां स्थानमाहुर्मनीषिणाम् शाश्वतं चाव्ययं चैव अक्षरं चाभयं च यत्
AI Translation: The wise ones declare that to be the abode of those who are free from merit and demerit, That which is eternal, imperishable, indestructible, and fearless,
ज्ञानिनां संभवं श्रेष्ठं स्थानमव्रणमच्युतम् अतीन्द्रियमबीजं च जन्ममृत्युतमोनुदम्
AI Translation: The best place of the wise, the unblemished, the undecaying, The suprasensuous, the seedless, the dispeller of birth, death, and ignorance,
अव्यक्तस्थं परं यत्तत्पृष्टस्तेऽहं नराधिप स एष प्रकृतिष्ठो हि तस्थुरित्यभिधीयते
AI Translation: O king, you have asked me about that which is in the unmanifest, which is supreme. He who abides in Prakṛti is called "sthura".
अचेतनश्चैष मतः प्रकृतिस्थश्च पार्थिव एतेनाधिष्ठितश्चैव सृजते संहरत्यपि
AI Translation: This is considered to be unconscious, to be in the state of Prakriti, and to be of earth. It is controlled by this, and it creates and destroys.
जनक उवाच अनादिनिधनावेतावुभावेव महामुने अमूर्तिमन्तावचलावप्रकम्प्यौ च निर्व्रणौ
AI Translation: Janaka said: O great sage, these two are beginningless and endless. They are formless, unmoving, unshakable, and without blemish.
अग्राह्यावृषिशार्दूल कथमेको ह्यचेतनः चेतनावांस्तथा चैकः क्षेत्रज्ञ इति भाषितः
AI Translation: O best of the strong, how can one who is unconscious and one who is conscious be called the knower of the field?
त्वं हि विप्रेन्द्र कार्त्स्न्येन मोक्षधर्ममुपाससे साकल्यं मोक्षधर्मस्य श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वतः
AI Translation: For you, O lord of Brahmins, are devoted to the whole of the Dharma of Liberation. I wish to hear the whole of the Dharma of Liberation.
अस्तित्वं केवलत्वं च विनाभावं तथैव च तथैवोत्क्रमणस्थानं देहिनोऽपि वियुज्यतः
AI Translation: The existence, the sole existence, the non-existence, and the place of departure of the embodied one who is separated.
Supplementary Passages:
12.302.16 After 16ab, K6 B0. 6-9 Da3.a4 Dn1.n4 Ds D2.3.8 ins.: *771 दैवतानि च मे ब्रूहि देहं यान्याश्रितानि वै
कालेन यद्धि प्राप्नोति स्थानं तद्ब्रूहि मे द्विज सांख्यज्ञानं च तत्त्वेन पृथग्योगं तथैव च
AI Translation: O Brāhmaṇa, please tell me about the place that one attains through time. And also the knowledge of Sāṃkhya and Yoga separately, as it really is.
अरिष्टानि च तत्त्वेन वक्तुमर्हसि सत्तम विदितं सर्वमेतत्ते पाणावामलकं यथा
AI Translation: O best of men, you should tell me the truth about the inauspicious things. All this is known to you, as clearly as an amla fruit in the palm of the hand.