Critical Edition
वैशंपायन उवाच रक्षणाद्धर्मराजस्य सत्यस्य परिपालनात् शत्रूणां क्षपणाच्चैव स्वकर्मनिरताः प्रजाः
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said Protected by Dharmaraja (Yudhishthira) and supported by Truth and also all their enemies being kept in check, all subjects (of the Pandava king) were always engaged in their respective business.
बलीनां सम्यगादानाद्धर्मतश्चानुशासनात् निकामवर्षी पर्जन्यः स्फीतो जनपदोऽभवत्
M. N. Dutt: In consequence of the equitable taxation and the virtuous and the just rule of the king, the clouds poured as much rain as desired, and the country became prosperous.
सर्वारम्भाः सुप्रवृत्ता गोरक्षं कर्षणं वणिक् विशेषात्सर्वमेवैतत्संजज्ञे राजकर्मणः
M. N. Dutt: As the result of the king's (virtuous) acts every thing of the kingdom, specially the breeding of cattle, agriculture and trade, greatly flourished.
Supplementary Passages:
2.30.3 After 3a, S (G1 om. line 3) ins.: *323 नीरुजा निरुपद्रवाः स्वादुसस्या च पृथिवी बहुपुष्पफलद्रुमा ब्राह्मणा यज्ञसंतानाः
दस्युभ्यो वञ्चकेभ्यो वा राजन्प्रति परस्परम् राजवल्लभतश्चैव नाश्रूयन्त मृषा गिरः
M. N. Dutt: O king, even cheats and thieves, nay even the king's favourites, were never heard to speak lies amongst themselves,
अवर्षं चातिवर्षं च व्याधिपावकमूर्छनम् सर्वमेतत्तदा नासीद्धर्मनित्ये युधिष्ठिरे
M. N. Dutt: During the reign of Yudhishthira, who was ever devote to virtue, there were no draughts, or floods, or plagues, or fires, or premature deaths.
Supplementary Passages:
2.30.5 After 5, S (except G1) ins. (equivalent of st. 6, q.v.): *324 मनस्तुष्टिं कथं गच्छेदित्येवमनसो नराः सर्वात्मना प्रियाण्येव कर्तुं समुपचक्रमुः
प्रियं कर्तुमुपस्थातुं बलिकर्म स्वभावजम् अभिहर्तुं नृपा जग्मुर्नान्यैः कार्यैः पृथक्पृथक्
M. N. Dutt: The (other) kings used to come to him only for agreeable services, or for paying their respects to him, or for offering to him tribute that did not (any way) impoverish them. They never used to come for any other purpose (such as conquests).
धर्म्यैर्धनागमैस्तस्य ववृधे निचयो महान् कर्तुं यस्य न शक्येत क्षयो वर्षशतैरपि
M. N. Dutt: The large treasury of the King became so much filled with the hoards of wealth virtuously obtained that it could not be emptied even in one hundred years.
Supplementary Passages:
2.30.7 After 7, V1 B D1-6 ins. (in D1 deleted later; in D6 added marg.): *325 सर्वेषां भूमिपालानां श्रेष्ठः स च महीपतिः
स्वकोशस्य परीमाणं कोष्ठस्य च महीपतिः विज्ञाय राजा कौन्तेयो यज्ञायैव मनो दधे
M. N. Dutt: Having ascertained the state of his treasury and the extent of his possessions, the son of Kunti (Yudhishthira) set his heart upon performing the (Rajasuya) sacrifice.
सुहृदश्चैव तं सर्वे पृथक्च सह चाब्रुवन् यज्ञकालस्तव विभो क्रियतामत्र सांप्रतम्
M. N. Dutt: His friends and relatives all separately and jointly said, "O lord, the time for the sacrifice has come. Let it be now performed without delay.”
अथैवं ब्रुवतामेव तेषामभ्याययौ हरिः ऋषिः पुराणो वेदात्मा दृश्यश्चापि विजानताम्
AI Translation: Then, even as they were speaking thus, Hari, the ancient sage, the soul of the Vedas, visible to those who know, came there.
जगतस्तस्थुषां श्रेष्ठः प्रभवश्चाप्ययश्च ह भूतभव्यभवन्नाथः केशवः केशिसूदनः
AI Translation: The best of all that is and is not, the cause of creation and dissolution, The protector of the past, present and future, Keshava, the slayer of Keshi,
Supplementary Passages:
2.30.11 After 11, G1 ins.: *326 प्रधानः सर्वलोकानां भोजवृष्ण्यन्धकाग्रणीः
प्राकारः सर्ववृष्णीनामापत्स्वभयदोऽरिहा बलाधिकारे निक्षिप्य संहत्यानकदुन्दुभिम्
AI Translation: The rampart was the protector of all the Vrishnis, the destroyer of enemies, the giver of fearlessness in times of calamity. Having entrusted the authority of the army to Samhatya and Ankadundubhi,
उच्चावचमुपादाय धर्मराजाय माधवः धनौघं पुरुषव्याघ्रो बलेन महता वृतः
AI Translation: The lord of the earth, the lord of the earth, the lord of the earth, the lord of the earth, the lord of the earth, the lord of the earth, the lord of the earth, the lord of the earth, the lord of the earth, the lord of the earth,
तं धनौघमपर्यन्तं रत्नसागरमक्षयम् नादयन्रथघोषेण प्रविवेश पुरोत्तमम्
AI Translation: That endless mass of wealth, that inexhaustible ocean of jewels, making a sound with the noise of his chariot, entered the best of cities.
Supplementary Passages:
2.30.14 After 14, N (except Ñ1) ins.: *327 पूर्णमापूरयंस्तेषां द्विषच्छोकावहोऽभवत्
असूर्यमिव सूर्येण निवातमिव वायुना कृष्णेन समुपेतेन जहृषे भारतं पुरम्
M. N. Dutt: Was brought to a full limit by the wealth that he (Krishna) brought, and thus all their (the Pandava's) griefs were removed. By the arrival of Krishna, the capital of the Bharata race was gladdened like a sunless region by the sun, or a region of still air by gentle breeze.
Supplementary Passages:
2.30.15 After 15ab, G1 ins.: *328 अथ सर्वे समुत्थाय काञ्चनासनमाददुः
तं मुदाभिसमागम्य सत्कृत्य च यथाविधि संपृष्ट्वा कुशलं चैव सुखासीनं युधिष्ठिरः
M. N. Dutt: Coming to him with joy and receiving him with all dues respect, Yudhishthira asked him his welfare. When he (Krishna) comfortably seated.
धौम्यद्वैपायनमुखैरृत्विग्भिः पुरुषर्षभः भीमार्जुनयमैश्चापि सहितः कृष्णमब्रवीत्
M. N. Dutt: That best of men (Yudhishthira) with the Ritvikas, Dhaumya and Dvaipayana being at their head, and also with Bhima, Arjuna and the twins (Nakula and Sahadeva) thus spoke to Krishna.
त्वत्कृते पृथिवी सर्वा मद्वशे कृष्ण वर्तते धनं च बहु वार्ष्णेय त्वत्प्रसादादुपार्जितम्
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said O Krishna, it is for you that the whole earth has come rinder my sway. O descendant of the Vrishni race, it is through your favour that this vast wealth has been earned by me.
सोऽहमिच्छामि तत्सर्वं विधिवद्देवकीसुत उपयोक्तुं द्विजाग्र्येषु हव्यवाहे च माधव
M. N. Dutt: O Madhava, O son of Devaki, I desire to devote all this wealth to the Brahmanas and to the. carrier of sacrificial libations (Agni) according to the ordinance.
तदहं यष्टुमिच्छामि दाशार्ह सहितस्त्वया अनुजैश्च महाबाहो तन्मानुज्ञातुमर्हसि
M. N. Dutt: O prince of the Dasarha race, O mighty armed hero, you should grant me permission to celebrate the Rajasuya sacrifice along with you and with my brothers.
स दीक्षापय गोविन्द त्वमात्मानं महाभुज त्वयीष्टवति दाशार्ह विपाप्मा भविता ह्यहम्
M. N. Dutt: O Govinda, O long-armed hero, O prince of the Dasarha race, install yourself in that sacrifice. If you perform the sacrifice, I shall be cleansed from sin.
मां वाप्यभ्यनुजानीहि सहैभिरनुजैर्विभो अनुज्ञातस्त्वया कृष्ण प्राप्नुयां क्रतुमुत्तमम्
M. N. Dutt: O lord, O Krishna, grant permission to me that I may be installed in the sacrifice along with my these younger brothers, for if permitted by you, I shall be able to enjoy the fruit of that excellent sacrifice.
तं कृष्णः प्रत्युवाचेदं बहूक्त्वा गुणविस्तरम् त्वमेव राजशार्दूल सम्राडर्हो महाक्रतुम् संप्राप्नुहि त्वया प्राप्ते कृतकृत्यास्ततो वयम्
AI Translation: Krishna replied to him after speaking many words about the details of the qualities: "You alone, O best of kings, are worthy of performing the great sacrifice of a universal monarch." "When you have attained it, then we shall have accomplished our duty."
यजस्वाभीप्सितं यज्ञं मयि श्रेयस्यवस्थिते नियुङ्क्ष्व चापि मां कृत्ये सर्वं कर्तास्मि ते वचः
AI Translation: Perform the desired sacrifice in me, who am established in the good. And employ me in the task. I shall do all that you command.
युधिष्ठिर उवाच सफलः कृष्ण संकल्पः सिद्धिश्च नियता मम यस्य मे त्वं हृषीकेश यथेप्सितमुपस्थितः
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said O Krishna, O Hrishikesha, when you have come here agreeably to my wish, my resolve is fulfilled; success is sure to come to my work.
वैशंपायन उवाच अनुज्ञातस्तु कृष्णेन पाण्डवो भ्रातृभिः सह ईहितुं राजसूयाय साधनान्युपचक्रमे
M. N. Dutt: Vaishampayana said Having been commanded by Krishna, the son of Pandu (Yudhishthira) with his brothers employed himself to collect the necessary materials for the Rajasuya (sacrifice).
तत आज्ञापयामास पाण्डवोऽरिनिबर्हणः सहदेवं युधां श्रेष्ठं मन्त्रिणश्चैव सर्वशः
M. N. Dutt: That chastiser of foes, the son of Pandu (Yudhishthira), commanded that foremost of all warriors, Sahadeva, and also all his ministers, saying.
अस्मिन्क्रतौ यथोक्तानि यज्ञाङ्गानि द्विजातिभिः तथोपकरणं सर्वं मङ्गलानि च सर्वशः
AI Translation: All the sacrificial implements and all the auspicious things, as mentioned in this sacrifice, by the twice-born.
अधियज्ञांश्च संभारान्धौम्योक्तान्क्षिप्रमेव हि समानयन्तु पुरुषा यथायोगं यथाक्रमम्
AI Translation: The sacrificial implements and the materials for the sacrifice, as mentioned in the Dharmashāstra, Let the men bring them quickly, according to their capacity and in due order.
इन्द्रसेनो विशोकश्च पूरुश्चार्जुनसारथिः अन्नाद्याहरणे युक्ताः सन्तु मत्प्रियकाम्यया
M. N. Dutt: Let Indrasena and Vishoka and the charioteer of Arjuna, Puru, if, they desire to please me, be employed in collecting them.
Supplementary Passages:
2.30.30 After 30ab, K4 ins.: *329 सूताश्च सहिताः सर्वे शुचयो मृष्टकुण्डलाः while S ins.: *330 समीको ध्वजसेनश्च पञ्च सारथिपुंगवाः After 30, G3 ins.: *331 उपस्थितान्सर्वकामान्सुगन्धिकनकप्रभान्
सर्वकामाश्च कार्यन्तां रसगन्धसमन्विताः मनोहराः प्रीतिकरा द्विजानां कुरुसत्तम
M. N. Dutt: O best of the Kuru race (Sahadeva) let them gather every article agreeable to taste and smell, articles which may delight and attract the hearts of the Brahmanas."
तद्वाक्यसमकालं तु कृतं सर्वमवेदयत् सहदेवो युधां श्रेष्ठो धर्मराजे महात्मनि
M. N. Dutt: As soon as these words were uttered by Dharmaraja Yudhishthira, that foremost of all warriors, Sahadeva, informed the king that they had been all done.
ततो द्वैपायनो राजन्नृत्विजः समुपानयत् वेदानिव महाभागान्साक्षान्मूर्तिमतो द्विजान्
M. N. Dutt: O king, Dvaipayana then appointed the Ritvijas, who were high-souled, and who were like the Vedas in their personified forms.
स्वयं ब्रह्मत्वमकरोत्तस्य सत्यवतीसुतः धनंजयानामृषभः सुसामा सामगोऽभवत्
M. N. Dutt: The son of Satyavati (Vyasa) himself became the Brahma in that sacrifice, the best of the Dhananjaya race, Susama, became the chaunter of the Sama Veda.
Supplementary Passages:
2.30.34 G1.5 ins. after 34ab: T1 G2.4.6 M (all of which om. 34ab) ins. after 33: *332 मूर्तिमान्सामवेदोऽथ वेदवेदाङ्गपारगः
याज्ञवल्क्यो बभूवाथ ब्रह्मिष्ठोऽध्वर्युसत्तमः पैलो होता वसोः पुत्रो धौम्येन सहितोऽभवत्
M. N. Dutt: The Brahma-knowing Yajnavalkya became the Adhvaryu, the son of Vasu Paila, with Dhaumya, became the Hotas.
एतेषां शिष्यवर्गाश्च पुत्राश्च भरतर्षभ बभूवुर्होत्रगाः सर्वे वेदवेदाङ्गपारगाः
M. N. Dutt: O best of the Bharata race, the disciples and the sons of these men, all well-acquainted with the Vedas, became Hotragas,
Supplementary Passages:
2.30.36 After 36, S ins.: *333 स्वयं च भगवांस्तत्र शिष्यैः सर्वैः पुरस्कृतः कृष्णद्वैपायनो राजन्सदस्यमकरोत्प्रभुः
ते वाचयित्वा पुण्याहमीहयित्वा च तं विधिम् शास्त्रोक्तं योजयामासुस्तद्देवयजनं महत्
M. N. Dutt: Having uttered benedictions, and having recited the objects of the sacrifice, all of them worshipped the large (sacrificial) ground according to the ordinance.
तत्र चक्रुरनुज्ञाताः शरणान्युत शिल्पिनः रत्नवन्ति विशालानि वेश्मानीव दिवौकसाम्
M. N. Dutt: Commanded by the Brahmanas, the builders and the artifices erected their many houses that were specious and that were well perfumed like the temples of gods.
तत आज्ञापयामास स राजा राजसत्तमः सहदेवं तदा सद्यो मन्त्रिणं कुरुसत्तमः
M. N. Dutt: Thereupon that best of kings, and that best of men, the king (Yudhishthira) immediately commanded his minister Sahadeva saying.
Supplementary Passages:
2.30.39 After the colophon, M2 ins.: *334 वैशंपायनः सहदेवं तदा प्राह मन्त्रिणं कुरुसत्तमः उवाच राजा कौन्तेयो वचनं वचनक्षमम्
आमन्त्रणार्थं दूतांस्त्वं प्रेषयस्वाशुगान्द्रुतम् उपश्रुत्य वचो राज्ञः स दूतान्प्राहिणोत्तदा
AI Translation: Send your swift messengers to invite them, for the sake of the invitation. Having heard the king's words, he sent the messengers then.
आमन्त्रयध्वं राष्ट्रेषु ब्राह्मणान्भूमिपानपि विशश्च मान्याञ्शूद्रांश्च सर्वानानयतेति च
AI Translation: Invite the Brahmanas and the kings in the kingdom, and the respectable Vaishyas and the Shudras, and bring them all.
ते सर्वान्पृथिवीपालान्पाण्डवेयस्य शासनात् आमन्त्रयां बभूवुश्च प्रेषयामास चापरान्
AI Translation: All the kings of the earth, at the command of the son of Pandu, invited and sent others.
Supplementary Passages:
2.30.42 After 42, M1 reads 53-54; while Dn (!) D1.6 ins.: *335 तथापरानपि नरानात्मनः शीघ्रगामिनः and finally T1 G1.3.5 ins.: *336 दूतास्ते वाहनैर्जग्मू राष्ट्राणि सुबहूनि च
ततस्ते तु यथाकालं कुन्तीपुत्रं युधिष्ठिरम् दीक्षयां चक्रिरे विप्रा राजसूयाय भारत
M. N. Dutt: o descendant of Bharata, at the proper time the Brahmanas installed the son of Kunti, Yudhishthira, in the sacrifice,
Supplementary Passages:
2.30.43 After 43, S (G1 om.) ins.: *337 ज्येष्ठामूले अमावस्यां महाजनसमावृतः रौरवाजिनसंवीतो नवनीताक्तदेहवान्
दीक्षितः स तु धर्मात्मा धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः जगाम यज्ञायतनं वृतो विप्रैः सहस्रशः
M. N. Dutt: When the virtuous Dharmaraja Yudhishthira was installed in the sacrifice, he went to the sacrificial ground, surrounded by thousands of Brahmanas.
भ्रातृभिर्ज्ञातिभिश्चैव सुहृद्भिः सचिवैस्तथा क्षत्रियैश्च मनुष्येन्द्र नानादेशसमागतैः अमात्यैश्च नृपश्रेष्ठो धर्मो विग्रहवानिव
AI Translation: with his brothers, relatives, friends, and ministers, and with kshatriyas, lords of men, who had come from various countries, and with his ministers, the best of kings, as if Dharma had taken on a form.
आजग्मुर्ब्राह्मणास्तत्र विषयेभ्यस्ततस्ततः सर्वविद्यासु निष्णाता वेदवेदाङ्गपारगाः
AI Translation: The Brahmins came there from the various regions, skilled in all the sciences, masters of the Vedas and Vedangas.
तेषामावसथांश्चक्रुर्धर्मराजस्य शासनात् बह्वन्नाञ्शयनैर्युक्तान्सगणानां पृथक्पृथक् सर्वर्तुगुणसंपन्नाञ्शिल्पिनोऽथ सहस्रशः
M. N. Dutt: And their attendants, separately for each by thousands of artisans who were endued with all qualifications, they were filled with much food and many clothes.
तेषु ते न्यवसन्राजन्ब्राह्मणा भृशसत्कृताः कथयन्तः कथा बह्वीः पश्यन्तो नटनर्तकान्
M. N. Dutt: O king, having been duly worshipped by the king, Brahmanas continued to live there, passing their time in conversation on various topics and seeing the performance of actors and dancers.
भुञ्जतां चैव विप्राणां वदतां च महास्वनः अनिशं श्रूयते स्मात्र मुदितानां महात्मनाम्
M. N. Dutt: The noise of these illustrious Brahmanas eating and talking cheerfully was continuously heard.
दीयतां दीयतामेषां भुज्यतां भुज्यतामिति एवंप्रकाराः संजल्पाः श्रूयन्ते स्मात्र नित्यशः
M. N. Dutt: "Give, Give", "Eat, Eat", were the words that were continuously and every day heard there.
गवां शतसहस्राणि शयनानां च भारत रुक्मस्य योषितां चैव धर्मराजः पृथग्ददौ
M. N. Dutt: O descendant of Bharata, Dharmaraja separately gave to each of those Brahmanas thousands of kine, beds, golden coins and damsels.
प्रावर्ततैवं यज्ञः स पाण्डवस्य महात्मनः पृथिव्यामेकवीरस्य शक्रस्येव त्रिविष्टपे
M. N. Dutt: Thus like the sacrifice formerly performed by Shakra (Indra) in heaven, began the sacrifice of that matchless hero, the illustrious Pandava (Yudhishthira), on earth.
ततो युधिष्ठिरो राजा प्रेषयामास पाण्डवम् नकुलं हास्तिनपुरं भीष्माय भरतर्षभ
AI Translation: Then King Yudhishthira sent the Pandava Nakula to Hastinapura to Bhishma, O bull among the Bharatas.
Supplementary Passages:
2.30.53 After 53, G2.3.5.6 M2 ins.: *338 बाह्लीकाय सपुत्राय भूरिश्रवसभीष्मयोः
द्रोणाय धृतराष्ट्राय विदुराय कृपाय च भ्रातॄणां चैव सर्वेषां येऽनुरक्ता युधिष्ठिरे
AI Translation: To Drona, Dhritarashtra, Vidura, Kripa, and all the brothers who were devoted to Yudhishthira,