Critical Edition
अश्वत्थामोवाच न च तावज्जिता गावो न च सीमान्तरं गताः न हास्तिनपुरं प्राप्तास्त्वं च कर्ण विकत्थसे
AI Translation: Ashvatthama said: The cows have not yet been defeated, nor have they gone beyond the boundary. They have not reached Hastinapura, and you, Karna, are boasting
Supplementary Passages:
4.45.1 After 1, S (except M1-3) ins.: *840 बहूनि धर्मशास्त्राणि पठन्ति द्विजसत्तमाः तेषु किं स्विदिदं दृष्टं द्यूते जीयेत यन्नृपः
संग्रामान्सुबहूञ्जित्वा लब्ध्वा च विपुलं धनम् विजित्य च परां भूमिं नाहुः किंचन पौरुषम्
AI Translation: Having won many battles and obtained great wealth, and having conquered the whole earth, they did not consider it to be the result of their own efforts.
पचत्यग्निरवाक्यस्तु तूष्णीं भाति दिवाकरः तूष्णीं धारयते लोकान्वसुधा सचराचरान्
AI Translation: The fire cooks without speaking; the sun shines silently; The earth silently supports the world, the moving and the unmoving.
चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य कर्माणि विहितानि मनीषिभिः धनं यैरधिगन्तव्यं यच्च कुर्वन्न दुष्यति
AI Translation: The duties of the four castes have been prescribed by the wise, by which wealth is to be acquired and by which, when performed, one does not become defiled.
अधीत्य ब्राह्मणो वेदान्याजयेत यजेत च क्षत्रियो धनुराश्रित्य यजेतैव न याजयेत् वैश्योऽधिगम्य द्रव्याणि ब्रह्मकर्माणि कारयेत्
AI Translation: Having studied the Vedas, a Brahmin should perform sacrifices and also officiate at sacrifices. A Kshatriya, having taken up the bow, should perform sacrifices, but not officiate at sacrifices.
Supplementary Passages:
4.45.5 After 5, N ins.: *841 शूद्रः शुश्रूषणं कुर्यात्त्रिषु वर्णेषु नित्यशः वन्दनायोगविधिभिर्वैतसीं वृत्तिमास्थितः
वर्तमाना यथाशास्त्रं प्राप्य चापि महीमिमाम् सत्कुर्वन्ति महाभागा गुरून्सुविगुणानपि
AI Translation: Having obtained this earth in accordance with the scriptures, they are now acting in accordance with the scriptures. The noble ones honor even their teachers who are very well-qualified.
Supplementary Passages:
4.45.6 After 6, T G (G1.3 om. lines 1-2) ins.: *842 का जातिस्तेषु सूतेयं केऽन्यमन्त्राः क्रियाश्च काः केयं वर्णेषु या राज्ञो वक्तृभोक्तृनियन्तृषु वैशंपायनः दुर्योधनमभिप्रेक्ष्य कर्णं च कुरुसंसदि अश्वत्थामा भृशं क्रुद्धो दुर्योधनमतर्जयत्
प्राप्य द्यूतेन को राज्यं क्षत्रियस्तोष्टुमर्हति तथा नृशंसरूपेण यथान्यः प्राकृतो जनः
AI Translation: Having obtained the kingdom by gambling, what Kshatriya is worthy of praise, and in such a cruel form, as any other ordinary person?
Supplementary Passages:
4.45.7 After 7, T G2 ins.: *843 यद्वृत्तं प्राकृतैश्चीर्णं लोके सद्भिर्विगर्हितम्
तथावाप्तेषु वित्तेषु को विकत्थेद्विचक्षणः निकृत्या वञ्चनायोगैश्चरन्वैतंसिको यथा
AI Translation: Who, having obtained wealth, would boast like a fool? Like a gambler, who roams about by deceit and cheating.
Supplementary Passages:
4.45.8 After 8ab, T G2 ins.: *844 बुद्धिमान्नीतिमान्राजा क्षत्रियो यदि वेतरः
कतमद्द्वैरथं युद्धं यत्राजैषीर्धनंजयम् नकुलं सहदेवं च धनं येषां त्वया हृतम्
AI Translation: What was the battle of the two armies, in which you defeated Dhananjaya, Nākula and Sahadeva, whose wealth you took away,
युधिष्ठिरो जितः कस्मिन्भीमश्च बलिनां वरः इन्द्रप्रस्थं त्वया कस्मिन्संग्रामे निर्जितं पुरा
AI Translation: By whom was Yudhiṣṭhira defeated? And Bhima, the best of the strong? By whom was Indraprastha formerly conquered in battle by you?
तथैव कतमं युद्धं यस्मिन्कृष्णा जिता त्वया एकवस्त्रा सभां नीता दुष्टकर्मन्रजस्वला
AI Translation: And what was the battle in which you defeated Krishna, who was taken to the assembly hall in a single garment, menstruating, with evil deeds.
मूलमेषां महत्कृत्तं सारार्थी चन्दनं यथा कर्म कारयिथाः शूर तत्र किं विदुरोऽब्रवीत्
AI Translation: The root of these is cut off, like the sandalwood tree, for the sake of its essence. O hero, you should perform this deed. What did Vidura say about it?
यथाशक्ति मनुष्याणां शममालक्षयामहे अन्येषां चैव सत्त्वानामपि कीटपिपीलिके
AI Translation: We see the pacification of human beings to the best of our ability, and also of other beings, even insects and ants.
द्रौपद्यास्तं परिक्लेशं न क्षन्तुं पाण्डवोऽर्हति दुःखाय धार्तराष्ट्राणां प्रादुर्भूतो धनंजयः
AI Translation: The Pandava should not forgive the torment of Drupada's daughter. Dhananjaya has appeared for the sorrow of the sons of Dhritarashtra.
त्वं पुनः पण्डितो भूत्वा वाचं वक्तुमिहेच्छसि वैरान्तकरणो जिष्णुर्न नः शेषं करिष्यति
AI Translation: But you, having become wise, wish to speak here. The conqueror who ends enmity will not leave us.
नैष देवान्न गन्धर्वान्नासुरान्न च राक्षसान् भयादिह न युध्येत कुन्तीपुत्रो धनंजयः
AI Translation: He would not fight here out of fear of gods, gandharvas, demons, or demons. The son of Kunti, Dhananjaya, would not fight here out of fear.
यं यमेषोऽभिसंक्रुद्धः संग्रामेऽभिपतिष्यति वृक्षं गरुडवेगेन विनिहत्य तमेष्यति
AI Translation: He will be angry with whomever he will attack in battle, and will kill him with the force of Garuḍa, as if he were a tree.
त्वत्तो विशिष्टं वीर्येण धनुष्यमरराट्समम् वासुदेवसमं युद्धे तं पार्थं को न पूजयेत्
AI Translation: Who is not to worship that Partha, who is superior to you in valour, equal to the king of the gods in archery, and equal to Vasudeva in battle?
दैवं दैवेन युध्येत मानुषेण च मानुषम् अस्त्रेणास्त्रं समाहन्यात्कोऽर्जुनेन समः पुमान्
AI Translation: Let the divine fight with the divine, the human with the human, Let the weapon fight with the weapon. Who is equal to Arjuna?
Supplementary Passages:
4.45.19 After 19, D7 (marg. sec. m.) ins.: *845 एवमाभाष्य राधेयं दुर्योधनमथाब्रवीत्
पुत्रादनन्तरः शिष्य इति धर्मविदो विदुः एतेनापि निमित्तेन प्रियो द्रोणस्य पाण्डवः
AI Translation: The teacher knows that the disciple is next to the son. For this reason also, the Pandava was dear to Drona.
यथा त्वमकरोर्द्यूतमिन्द्रप्रस्थं यथाहरः यथानैषीः सभां कृष्णां तथा युध्यस्व पाण्डवम्
AI Translation: As you played dice, as you took Indraprastha, as you led Krishna to the assembly hall, so fight with the Pandava.
अयं ते मातुलः प्राज्ञः क्षत्रधर्मस्य कोविदः दुर्द्यूतदेवी गान्धारः शकुनिर्युध्यतामिह
AI Translation: This your maternal uncle is wise, skilled in the duties of a Kshatriya. Let Shakuni, the son of Gandhari, play the dice.
नाक्षान्क्षिपति गाण्डीवं न कृतं द्वापरं न च ज्वलतो निशितान्बाणांस्तीक्ष्णान्क्षिपति गाण्डिवम्
AI Translation: He does not shoot arrows, nor does he use the Gandiva bow, nor does he perform the rites of the Dvāpara age. The Gandiva bow shoots sharp, blazing arrows.
न हि गाण्डीवनिर्मुक्ता गार्ध्रपत्राः सुतेजनाः अन्तरेष्ववतिष्ठन्ति गिरीणामपि दारणाः
AI Translation: The arrows released from the Gandīva bow, with vulture feathers and great brilliance, do not stop in the intervals, even of mountains.
अन्तकः शमनो मृत्युस्तथाग्निर्वडवामुखः कुर्युरेते क्वचिच्छेषं न तु क्रुद्धो धनंजयः
AI Translation: Death, the pacifier, the destroyer, and the fire with the mouth of a mare - these may leave some remainder somewhere, but not the angry Dhananjaya.
Supplementary Passages:
4.45.25 After 25ab, B4 ins.: *846 क्षुरधारा विषं सर्पो वह्निरित्येकतः स्त्रियः After 25, Dn2 D11.12 ins.: *847 यथा सभायां द्यूतं त्वं मातुलेन सहाकरोः तथा युध्यस्व संग्रामे सौबलेन सुरक्षितः
युध्यतां काममाचार्यो नाहं योत्स्ये धनंजयम् मत्स्यो ह्यस्माभिरायोध्यो यद्यागच्छेद्गवां पदम्
AI Translation: Let the preceptor fight with whom he will. I will not fight with Dhananjaya. For the Matsyas are our enemies. If they come to the cows,