Critical Edition
संजय उवाच युधिष्ठिरेणैवमुक्तः कौन्तेयः श्वेतवाहनः असिं जग्राह संक्रुद्धो जिघांसुर्भरतर्षभम्
M. N. Dutt: Sanjaya said Hearing the words of Yudhishthira, Kownteya-the owner of white steeds-in a tempestuous mood took hold of his sword to slay that mightiest of the Bharata's race.
तस्य कोपं समुद्वीक्ष्य चित्तज्ञः केशवस्तदा उवाच किमिदं पार्थ गृहीतः खड्ग इत्युत
M. N. Dutt: Kesava, the cogniser of human hearts, seeing his rage, inquired-"Why, O Partha, do you lay your hands on your sword?
नेह पश्यामि योद्धव्यं तव किंचिद्धनंजय ते ध्वस्ता धार्तराष्ट्रा हि सर्वे भीमेन धीमता
M. N. Dutt: Here, O Dhananjaya, I see no adversary to try the strength of your steel. Clever Bhimasena has already assailed the Dhartarashtras.
अपयातोऽसि कौन्तेय राजा द्रष्टव्य इत्यपि स राजा भवता दृष्टः कुशली च युधिष्ठिरः
M. N. Dutt: O Kownteya, you have returned from the field, to seen king Yudhishthira and you have seen that he is keeping up well.
तं दृष्ट्वा नृपशार्दूलं शार्दूलसमविक्रमम् हर्षकाले तु संप्राप्ते कस्मात्त्वा मन्युराविशत्
M. N. Dutt: This is the time of rejoicing, as you have seen that best of kings whose prowess is like that of a tiger. Why should you then betray yourself thus?
न तं पश्यामि कौन्तेय यस्ते वध्यो भवेदिह कस्माद्भवान्महाखड्गं परिगृह्णाति सत्वरम्
AI Translation: O son of Kunti, I do not see anyone here who should be killed by you. Why do you quickly take up this great sword?
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.6 After 6ab, K4 B Dn1 D3.4.7 ins.: *687 प्रहर्तुमिच्छसे कस्मात्किं वा ते चित्तविभ्रमः
तत्त्वा पृच्छामि कौन्तेय किमिदं ते चिकीर्षितम् परामृशसि यत्क्रुद्धः खड्गमद्भुतविक्रम
M. N. Dutt: Why do you seize your mighty sword so suddenly, I enquire this of you. O Kaunteya, whence is this desire of your heart, or why do you fly to sword in such a sullen mood and with such a vigour?"
एवमुक्तस्तु कृष्णेन प्रेक्षमाणो युधिष्ठिरम् अर्जुनः प्राह गोविन्दं क्रुद्धः सर्प इव श्वसन्
M. N. Dutt: Thus addressed by Krishna, Arjuna, looking towards Yudhishthira and whizzing like an angry snake, replied,
दद गाण्डीवमन्यस्मा इति मां योऽभिचोदयेत् छिन्द्यामहं शिरस्तस्य इत्युपांशुव्रतं मम
AI Translation: If anyone should urge me to give the Gandiva to another, I would say, 'I would cut off his head.' This is my vow of silence.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.9 After 9, T1.3 G ins.: *688 युधिष्ठिरेण तेनाहमुक्तश्चास्मि जनार्दन
तदुक्तोऽहमदीनात्मन्राज्ञामितपराक्रम समक्षं तव गोविन्द न तत्क्षन्तुमिहोत्सहे
AI Translation: I, who am thus addressed by you, O Govinda, who are of unwearying soul and of boundless prowess, in the presence of the kings, am not inclined to forgive it.
तस्मादेनं वधिष्यामि राजानं धर्मभीरुकम् प्रतिज्ञां पालयिष्यामि हत्वेमं नरसत्तमम् एतदर्थं मया खड्गो गृहीतो यदुनन्दन
M. N. Dutt: I will redeem my vow by slaying this best of men. For this alone I have taken up the sword.
सोऽहं युधिष्ठिरं हत्वा सत्येऽप्यानृण्यतां गतः विशोको विज्वरश्चापि भविष्यामि जनार्दन
M. N. Dutt: O delighter of the Yadus; by slaying Yudhishthira I will thus adhere to truth thereby be free from grief and fever.
किं वा त्वं मन्यसे प्राप्तमस्मिन्काले समुत्थिते त्वमस्य जगतस्तात वेत्थ सर्वं गतागतम् तत्तथा प्रकरिष्यामि यथा मां वक्ष्यते भवान्
M. N. Dutt: O Janaradana, what do you wish me to do under the present circumstances. O sire, you are well acquainted with all the past the future of this universe. I shall, therefore, do as you tell me.”
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.13 After 13cd, T G1.3 ins.: *689 जातस्त्वत्तो हि धर्मश्चाधर्मश्चेति परा श्रुतिः After 13, K4 V1 B D (except D8) S ins.: *690 संजय उवाच धिग्धिगित्येव गोविन्दः पार्थमुक्त्वाब्रवीत्पुनः
कृष्ण उवाच इदानीं पार्थ जानामि न वृद्धाः सेवितास्त्वया अकाले पुरुषव्याघ्र संरम्भक्रिययानया न हि धर्मविभागज्ञः कुर्यादेवं धनंजय
M. N. Dutt: “Now I understand, O Partha, that you have never attended upon the old, since you, O mightiest of men, have been overcome with anger at a time quite out of season.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.14 After 14, K4 B2-4 Da1 Dn1 D1.3.4 (marg. sec. m.).5-7 ins.: *691 यथा त्वं पाण्डवाद्येह धर्मभीरुरपण्डितः
अकार्याणां च कार्याणां संयोगं यः करोति वै कार्याणामक्रियाणां च स पार्थ पुरुषाधमः
M. N. Dutt: O Partha, he who does an act improper and heinous is the vilest of men.
अनुसृत्य तु ये धर्मं कवयः समुपस्थिताः समासविस्तरविदां न तेषां वेत्थ निश्चयम्
M. N. Dutt: You know not the words of wisdom the learned men preach, after the rules of morality, to the pupils waiting up on them.
अनिश्चयज्ञो हि नरः कार्याकार्यविनिश्चये अवशो मुह्यते पार्थ यथा त्वं मूढ एव तु
M. N. Dutt: Persons ignorant of them become benumbed and befooled in discriminating between what ought to be done and what ought not, even as you, O Partha, have been nonplussed.
न हि कार्यमकार्यं वा सुखं ज्ञातुं कथंचन श्रुतेन ज्ञायते सर्वं तच्च त्वं नावबुध्यसे
M. N. Dutt: 'It is not easy to learn what ought to be done and what ought not. Of course everything can be learnt with the help of the scriptures. You are, however, a stranger to them.
अविज्ञानाद्भवान्यच्च धर्मं रक्षति धर्मवित् प्राणिनां हि वधं पार्थ धार्मिको नावबुध्यते
M. N. Dutt: Believing yourself to be conversant with morality, you are observing it in a way which but indicates your ignorance of it. You believe yourself to be virtuous but you know not, O Partha, that it is a sin to slay living beings.
प्राणिनामवधस्तात सर्वज्यायान्मतो मम अनृतं तु भवेद्वाच्यं न च हिंस्यात्कथंचन
M. N. Dutt: Methinks, keeping from doing any injury to any animal is a cardinal virtue. Even an untruth might behold but never an animal ought be slain.
स कथं भ्रातरं ज्येष्ठं राजानं धर्मकोविदम् हन्याद्भवान्नरश्रेष्ठ प्राकृतोऽन्यः पुमानिव
M. N. Dutt: O best of men, how could you then like an ordinary man wish to slay your eldest brother the king, who is well versed in morality.
अयुध्यमानस्य वधस्तथाशस्त्रस्य भारत पराङ्मुखस्य द्रवतः शरणं वाभिगच्छतः कृताञ्जलेः प्रपन्नस्य न वधः पूज्यते बुधैः
M. N. Dutt: O Bharata, the slaying of a man who is not engaged in a fight, or is unwilling to fight, or takes to flight, or seeks your shelter, or joins his hands, or gives himself up to you, or is insane, be he even a foe, is never upheld by the righteous. And your superior is even all this.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.22 After 22e, N ins.: *692 प्रमत्तस्य तथैव च न वधः पूज्यते सद्भिस्तच्च सर्वं गुरौ तव
त्वया चैव व्रतं पार्थ बालेनैव कृतं पुरा तस्मादधर्मसंयुक्तं मौढ्यात्कर्म व्यवस्यसि
M. N. Dutt: You had formerly taken the vow through childishness. And now through folly you are inclined to do an unrighteous act.
स गुरुं पार्थ कस्मात्त्वं हन्या धर्ममनुस्मरन् असंप्रधार्य धर्माणां गतिं सूक्ष्मां दुरन्वयाम्
M. N. Dutt: Why, O Partha, do you rush upon your superior, intending to slay him, without determining (before-hand) the exceedingly fine course of virtue which is, certainly, not easily intelligible.
इदं धर्मरहस्यं च वक्ष्यामि भरतर्षभ यद्ब्रूयात्तव भीष्मो वा धर्मज्ञो वा युधिष्ठिरः
AI Translation: I shall tell you this secret of Dharma, O bull among the Bharatas, which Bhishma or the learned Yudhishthira would tell you.
विदुरो वा तथा क्षत्ता कुन्ती वापि यशस्विनी तत्ते वक्ष्यामि तत्त्वेन तन्निबोध धनंजय
AI Translation: Or Vidura, or the illustrious Kunti, I shall tell you the truth about that. Listen, Dhananjaya.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.26 After 26ab, S ins.: *693 कुन्ती वा भरतश्रेष्ठ द्रौपदी वा यशस्विनी
सत्यस्य वचनं साधु न सत्याद्विद्यते परम् तत्त्वेनैतत्सुदुर्ज्ञेयं यस्य सत्यमनुष्ठितम्
M. N. Dutt: One who tells the truth is a pious person. Nothing is there higher than truth. It is, therefore, very difficult to understand the details of truth as observed in action.
भवेत्सत्यमवक्तव्यं वक्तव्यमनृतं भवेत् सर्वस्वस्यापहारे तु वक्तव्यमनृतं भवेत्
AI Translation: It would be true, but inexpressible; what should be expressed would be untrue. When all one's possessions are taken away, what should be expressed would be untrue.
प्राणात्यये विवाहे च वक्तव्यमनृतं भवेत् यत्रानृतं भवेत्सत्यं सत्यं चाप्यनृतं भवेत्
M. N. Dutt: Truth becomes unutterable and untruth utterable, where untruth would pose as truth and truth as untruth.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.29 Dn1 D1.3-7 ins. after 29: K4 V1 B2 after the repetition of 29cd: B1 after 28cd: B8 after 29ab: B4.5 Da1 lines 1-2 after the repetition of 29cd (lines 3-4 after 28 in B4 and after 29 in B5 Da1): *694 विवाहकाले रतिसंप्रयोगे प्राणात्यये सर्वधनापहारे विप्रस्य चार्थे ह्यनृतं वदेत पञ्चानृतान्याहुरपातकानि
तादृशं पश्यते बालो यस्य सत्यमनुष्ठितम् सत्यानृते विनिश्चित्य ततो भवति धर्मवित्
M. N. Dutt: Indeed it is not a very easy thing to become righteous. He who can distinguish between the niceties of truth and untruth can alone become conversant with morality.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.30 After 30ab, K4 B1.3 Dn1 D3.4.7.8 ins.: *695 भवेत्सत्यमवक्तव्यं न वक्तव्यमनुष्ठितम्
किमाश्चर्यं कृतप्रज्ञः पुरुषोऽपि सुदारुणः सुमहत्प्राप्नुयात्पुण्यं बलाकोऽन्धवधादिव
M. N. Dutt: What wonder is there then that a wise man by doing something awfully cruel may even acquire virtue, as Balaka did by killing a blind beast.
किमाश्चर्यं पुनर्मूढो धर्मकामोऽप्यपण्डितः सुमहत्प्राप्नुयात्पापमापगामिव कौशिकः
M. N. Dutt: What wonder then that an ignorant and inexperienced person, intending to practise virtue, would commit grave vice like Kaushika on the river-bank."
अर्जुन उवाच आचक्ष्व भगवन्नेतद्यथा विद्यामहं तथा बलाकान्धाभिसंबद्धं नदीनां कौशिकस्य च
M. N. Dutt: Arjuna said Tell me of it, O holy one, in a way that I may learn it these stories about Balaka and Kaushika on the river-bank.
कृष्ण उवाच मृगव्याधोऽभवत्कश्चिद्बलाको नाम भारत यात्रार्थं पुत्रदारस्य मृगान्हन्ति न कामतः
M. N. Dutt: Vasudeva said There was once a hunter, O Bharata, Balaka by name. He used to kill animals, not willfully but, in order to support his children and wife.
सोऽन्धौ च मातापितरौ बिभर्त्यन्यांश्च संश्रितान् स्वधर्मनिरतो नित्यं सत्यवागनसूयकः
M. N. Dutt: Devoted to his tribal pursuits, always speaking the truth and devoid of malice, he used to maintain his aged mother and father and other dependents.
स कदाचिन्मृगाँल्लिप्सुर्नान्वविन्दत्प्रयत्नवान् अथापश्यत्स पीतोदं श्वापदं घ्राणचक्षुषम्
AI Translation: Once, while he was trying to catch deer, he did not succeed, though he made great efforts. Then he saw a tawny-coloured beast, with a nose for eyes.
अदृष्टपूर्वमपि तत्सत्त्वं तेन हतं तदा अन्वेव च ततो व्योम्नः पुष्पवर्षमवापतत्
M. N. Dutt: Though he had not before seen a like of it, yet he killed it then and there. No sooner the blind beast had been killed, that there fell from the skies a shower of flowers.
अप्सरोगीतवादित्रैर्नादितं च मनोरमम् विमानमागमत्स्वर्गान्मृगव्याधनिनीषया
M. N. Dutt: A celestial car, filled with the songs and music of Apsaras, came down from heaven to fetch that hunter of animals.
तद्भूतं सर्वभूतानामभावाय किलार्जुन तपस्तप्त्वा वरं प्राप्तं कृतमन्धं स्वयंभुवा
M. N. Dutt: That beast having, successfully performed all the austerities of asceticism with a view to kill all the animals, had received that boon but was made blind instead by the Self-born.
तद्धत्वा सर्वभूतानामभावकृतनिश्चयम् ततो बलाकः स्वरगादेवं धर्मः सुदुर्विदः
M. N. Dutt: Therefore Valaka, having killed the beast that was bent upon killing all the animals, went to heaven. Morality is, therefore, very difficult to be understood.
कौशिकोऽप्यभवद्विप्रस्तपस्वी न बहुश्रुतः नदीनां संगमे ग्रामाददूरे स किलावसत्
M. N. Dutt: There was an ascetic Brahmin named Kaushika not much read in the Scriptures. He used to reside at a confluence of rivers, not far away from a village.
सत्यं मया सदा वाच्यमिति तस्याभवद्व्रतम् सत्यवादीति विख्यातः स तदासीद्धनंजय
M. N. Dutt: He had taken the vow that the would ever speak the truth.' Therefore, O Dhananjaya, he become famous as a truthful man.
अथ दस्युभयात्केचित्तदा तद्वनमाविशन् दस्यवोऽपि गताः क्रूरा व्यमार्गन्त प्रयत्नतः
M. N. Dutt: At a time certain persons, being afraid of robbers, entered the woods. Even there the robbers, filled with anger, doggedly haunted after them.
अथ कौशिकमभ्येत्य प्राहुस्तं सत्यवादिनम् कतमेन पथा याता भगवन्बहवो जनाः सत्येन पृष्टः प्रब्रूहि यदि तान्वेत्थ शंस नः
M. N. Dutt: They then approaching Kaushika the truthful, said-'O holy one, which way have a number of men passed a little while ago? Asked in the name of truth tell us if you have seen them.'
स पृष्टः कौशिकः सत्यं वचनं तानुवाच ह बहुवृक्षलतागुल्ममेतद्वनमुपाश्रिताः ततस्ते तान्समासाद्य क्रूरा जघ्नुरिति श्रुतिः
AI Translation: When asked, Kauśika spoke the truth to them: "They resorted to this forest, which was full of many trees, creepers, and shrubs." Then, having found them,
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.45 For 45ab, S (except T2) subst.: *696 सत्यस्य त्वविभागज्ञः सत्यं तेभ्यः शशंस सः After 45cd, N T2 ins.: *697 इति तान्ख्यापयामास स तेभ्यः पार्थ कौशिकः
तेनाधर्मेण महता वाग्दुरुक्तेन कौशिकः गतः सुकष्टं नरकं सूक्ष्मधर्मेष्वकोविदः अप्रभूतश्रुतो मूढो धर्माणामविभागवित्
AI Translation: By that great sin of speech, Kauśika went to a terrible hell, being unskilled in subtle teachings. He was not very learned, foolish, and did not understand the divisions of teachings.
वृद्धानपृष्ट्वा संदेहं महच्छ्वभ्रमितोऽर्हति तत्र ते लक्षणोद्देशः कश्चिदेव भविष्यति
AI Translation: One who, without consulting the elders, wanders in the great abyss of doubt, In that, some indication of the characteristics will be there.
दुष्करं परमज्ञानं तर्केणात्र व्यवस्यति श्रुतिर्धर्म इति ह्येके वदन्ति बहवो जनाः
AI Translation: The supreme knowledge is difficult to be determined by reasoning here. Many people say that the Veda is the Dharma.
न त्वेतत्प्रतिसूयामि न हि सर्वं विधीयते प्रभवार्थाय भूतानां धर्मप्रवचनं कृतम्
M. N. Dutt: I do not find fault with the latter, but then everything is not provided for there. The moral precepts have been made for the well-being of the creatures.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.49 For 48c-49b, M2.4 (both reading also as in text) subst.: *698 श्रुतिर्धार्येयमित्येके वदन्ति बहवो जनाः न तान्पार्थाभ्यसूयामि न च सर्वत्र शिष्यति स्मृतिर्धार्या इति त्वेके वदन्ति बहवो जनाः न तु तान्प्रत्यसूयामि नात्र सर्वं विधीयते After 49, T2 ins.: *699 एवंविधा गतिर्वीर धर्मस्यातीव दुर्दृशा विद्याशीलवयोवृद्धाननुपास्यानधीत्य वा मन्वादीनां तु कृत्स्नं वै को धर्मं वक्तुमर्हति अधर्मादेव भवति धर्मेऽपि च महान्यथा व्याधकौशिकयोर्यद्वद्धर्माधर्मविरुद्धयोः वेदो मूलं हि धर्माणामिति सन्तो यदब्रुवन् जिज्ञासते हि विद्यानां साधनान्येव तत्त्ववित् वेदं ब्राह्मणमासाद्य पुण्यपापे परंतप स तु वेत्ति परं धर्ममहिंसां वेत्ति भारत T2 cont.: K3.4 V1 B D (except Da1 D2) T1.3 G M ins. after 49: *700 यत्स्यादहिंसासंयुक्तं स धर्म इति निश्चयः अहिंसार्थाय भूतानां धर्मप्रवचनं कृतम्
धारणाद्धर्ममित्याहुर्धर्मो धारयति प्रजाः यः स्याद्धारणसंयुक्तः स धर्म इति निश्चयः
M. N. Dutt: Dharma (morality) is so-called because it protects all. Indeed, morality saves all creatures. Surely then that is morality which is capable of keeping off a creature from all injuries.
येऽन्यायेन जिहीर्षन्तो जना इच्छन्ति कर्हिचित् अकूजनेन चेन्मोक्षो नात्र कूजेत्कथंचन
M. N. Dutt: Those who try to stick to them logically, have scarcely a mind to acquire morality. If you can get rid of them without a word do no account have any intercourse with them.
अवश्यं कूजितव्यं वा शङ्केरन्वाप्यकूजतः श्रेयस्तत्रानृतं वक्तुं सत्यादिति विचारितम्
M. N. Dutt: If he must be spoken to or if he takes offence on not being talked with, in that case better speak a falsehood; verily that untruth is truth.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.52 After 52, N ins.: *701 यः कार्येभ्यो व्रतं कृत्वा कर्मणा नोपपादयेत् न तत्फलमवाप्नोति एवमाहुर्मनीषिणः On the other hand, T1 ins. after 52: *702 सत्ये सति न पापेभ्यो धनं देयं कदाचन
प्राणात्यये विवाहे वा सर्वज्ञातिधनक्षये नर्मण्यभिप्रवृत्ते वा प्रवक्तव्यं मृषा भवेत् अधर्मं नात्र पश्यन्ति धर्मतत्त्वार्थदर्शिनः
M. N. Dutt: When one's life is endangered, at marriage, at the risk of destruction of one's kith and kin or in the course of business, all that is uttered will not be regarded as falsehood. To those who are well-versed in the real secrets of morality, there appear no immorality in all this.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.53 After 53, S ins.: *703 सर्वदा हि वदेत्तत्तु नानृतः स्याद्विचक्षणः
यः स्तेनैः सह संबन्धान्मुच्यते शपथैरपि श्रेयस्तत्रानृतं वक्तुं तत्सत्यमविचारितम्
M. N. Dutt: There even, where one cuts off his connections with robbers after having taken an oath, it is better to swear falsely, for surely that falsehood would be truth.
न च तेभ्यो धनं देयं शक्ये सति कथंचन पापेभ्यो हि धनं दत्तं दातारमपि पीडयेत् तस्माद्धर्मार्थमनृतमुक्त्वा नानृतवाग्भवेत्
M. N. Dutt: On no account should one's wealth he give to the robbers, if that could be helped. Wealth when give to the sinful afflicts even the donor.
एष ते लक्षणोद्देशः समुद्दिष्टो यथाविधि एतच्छ्रुत्वा ब्रूहि पार्थ यदि वध्यो युधिष्ठिरः
AI Translation: This is the declaration of the characteristics, as prescribed. Having heard this, tell me if Yudhishthira is to be killed.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.56 After 56ab, N (except B1) T2 ins.: *704 यथाधर्मं यथाबुद्धि मया पार्थार्थितस्तव
अर्जुन उवाच यथा ब्रूयान्महाप्राज्ञो यथा ब्रूयान्महामतिः हितं चैव यथास्माकं तथैतद्वचनं तव
M. N. Dutt: Arjuna said "O Krishna! You have spoken as a man of great wisdom should say, as a man of great intelligence need say. Your words are even such as would do good to us.
भवान्मातृसमोऽस्माकं तथा पितृसमोऽपि च गतिश्च परमा कृष्ण तेन ते वाक्यमद्भुतम्
M. N. Dutt: You are like both a mother and a father to us. You, O Krishna, are our sanctuary; that is why your words are beneficial to us.
न हि ते त्रिषु लोकेषु विद्यतेऽविदितं क्वचित् तस्माद्भवान्परं धर्मं वेद सर्वं यथातथम्
M. N. Dutt: Nothing is there in the three worlds that is unknown to you. Therefore, you know the sublime morality with all its niceties.
अवध्यं पाण्डवं मन्ये धर्मराजं युधिष्ठिरम् तस्मिन्समयसंयोगे ब्रूहि किंचिदनुग्रहम् इदं चापरमत्रैव शृणु हृत्स्थं विवक्षितम्
M. N. Dutt: I admit that the righteous Yudhishthira, son of Pandu, is unslayable. In this connection kindly tell me something in my favour. Hear me tell you of something else that lies in my heart.
जानासि दाशार्ह मम व्रतं त्वं; यो मां ब्रूयात्कश्चन मानुषेषु अन्यस्मै त्वं गाण्डिवं देहि पार्थ; यस्त्वत्तोऽस्त्रैर्भविता वा विशिष्टः
AI Translation: You know my vow, Dasharha, that I would not give the Gandīva bow to anyone else among men. "Give the Gandīva bow to someone else, O Partha, who may be superior to you in weapons."
हन्यामहं केशव तं प्रसह्य; भीमो हन्यात्तूबरकेति चोक्तः तन्मे राजा प्रोक्तवांस्ते समक्षं; धनुर्देहीत्यसकृद्वृष्णिसिंह
AI Translation: "I shall kill him, O Keshava, by force," and "Bhima shall kill Tubaraka." "And the king said to me in your presence, ""Give me the bow,"" again and again, O lion among the Vrishnis.
तं हत्वा चेत्केशव जीवलोके; स्थाता कालं नाहमप्यल्पमात्रम् सा च प्रतिज्ञा मम लोकप्रबुद्धा; भवेत्सत्या धर्मभृतां वरिष्ठ यथा जीवेत्पाण्डवोऽहं च कृष्ण; तथा बुद्धिं दातुमद्यार्हसि त्वम्
M. N. Dutt: Therefore, O Krishna, the best of all the righteous inen, do give me such counsels as would uphold my well-known vow and leave both myself and the eldest son of Pandu alive."
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.63 After 63ab, D3 ins.: *705 एवं त्वं मां कृष्ण जानासि सर्वं कालं लोके हीनधर्मो हि जीवन् सत्याच्च्युतो लोकमिमं त्यजेयं तस्मात्क्रोधात्प्रतिक्षपेयं धर्मपुत्रम् D8 cont.: Ś K V1 B Da1 Dn1 D1-7 ins. after 63ab: *706 ध्यात्वा नूनं ह्येनसा चापि मुक्तो वधं राज्ञो भ्रष्टवीर्यो विचेताः After 63, D8 ins.: *707 एवं ज्ञात्वा यद्धितं मे सदैव तथार्हसि त्वं तु निबोधितुं च
वासुदेव उवाच राजा श्रान्तो जगतो विक्षतश्च; कर्णेन संख्ये निशितैर्बाणसंघैः तस्मात्पार्थ त्वां परुषाण्यवोच;त्कर्णे द्यूतं ह्यद्य रणे निबद्धम्
AI Translation: Vasudeva said: The king is tired and wounded in the battle by Karna's sharp arrows. Therefore, O Partha, I spoke harshly to you, for today the gambling
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.64 After 64a, T2 ins.: *708 शरार्दितः सूतपुत्रेण चैव K3 (lines 3-6 only).4 V1 B (except B1) Da1 Dn1 D1-7 ins. after 64ab: D8 after 64: T2 after 710*: *709 यश्चानिशं सूतपुत्रेण वीर शरैर्भृशं ताडितो युध्यमानः अतस्त्वमेतेन सरोषमुक्तो दुःखान्विते नेदमयुक्तरूपम् अकोपितो ह्येष यदि स्म संख्ये कर्णं न हन्यादिति चाब्रवीच्च जानाति तं पाण्डव एष चापि पापं लोके कर्णमसह्यमन्यैः ततस्त्वमुक्तो भृशरोषितेन राज्ञा समक्षं परुषाणि पार्थ On the other hand, T2 ins. after 64ab: *710 भृशार्दितश्चापि महामनस्वी
तस्मिन्हते कुरवो निर्जिताः स्यु;रेवंबुद्धिः पार्थिवो धर्मपुत्रः यदावमानं लभते महान्तं; तदा जीवन्मृत इत्युच्यते सः
AI Translation: When he is slain, the Kurus will be defeated. This is the opinion of the righteous king, the son of Dharma. When a great insult is received, then he is said to be
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.65 After 65ab, K4 V1 B D (D8 marg.) T2 ins.: *711 ततो वधं नार्हति धर्मपुत्रस् त्वया प्रतिज्ञार्जुन पालनीया जीवन्नयं येन मृतो भवेद्धि तन्मे निबोधेह तवानुरूपम् K4 V1 B (except B5) D (D8 marg.) T2 cont.: K3 T3 G1.3 M ins. after 65ab: *712 यदा मानं लभते माननार्हस् तदा स वै जीवति जीवलोके
तन्मानितः पार्थिवोऽयं सदैव; त्वया सभीमेन तथा यमाभ्याम् वृद्धैश्च लोके पुरुषप्रवीरै;स्तस्यावमानं कलया त्वं प्रयुङ्क्ष्व
M. N. Dutt: O Partha, this king has ever been honored by you, Bhima and the twins and by all the wise and chivalrous men to this world. You just offer some insult to that king.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.66 After 66, T2 ins.: *713 यदिदं धर्मशास्त्रार्थं वेदेषु च निदर्शनम् while, T3 G1.3 M2-4 ins. after 66: *714 शृणु पार्थ यथा नित्यो हतः स्याद्भवता गुरुः हतो भवेत्येवमुक्तो गुरुः शस्त्रभृतां वरः
त्वमित्यत्रभवन्तं त्वं ब्रूहि पार्थ युधिष्ठिरम् त्वमित्युक्तो हि निहतो गुरुर्भवति भारत
M. N. Dutt: O Bharata, a superior on being addressed as 'you' dies (at heart). Therefore, you do addressed the much-respected Yudhishthira as 'you.'
एवमाचर कौन्तेय धर्मराजे युधिष्ठिरे अधर्मयुक्तं संयोगं कुरुष्वैवं कुरूद्वह
M. N. Dutt: O the best of Kurus, O son of Kunti, do behave thus towards Yudhishthira the righteous and insult that honorable man by this censurable behaviour.
अथर्वाङ्गिरसी ह्येषा श्रुतीनामुत्तमा श्रुतिः अविचार्यैव कार्यैषा श्रेयःकामैर्नरैः सदा
M. N. Dutt: This is a Shruti given out by the Rishis Atharva and Angira, the best of all the Srutis; people who wish well should always follow this without any scruple.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.69 After 69, K4 V1 B D (D8 marg.) T2 ins.: *715 अवधेन वधः प्रोक्तो यद्गुरुस्त्वमिति प्रभुः तद्ब्रूहि त्वं यन्मयोक्तं धर्मराजस्य धर्मवित्
वधो ह्ययं पाण्डव धर्मराज्ञ;स्त्वत्तो युक्तो वेत्स्यते चैवमेषः ततोऽस्य पादावभिवाद्य पश्चा;च्छमं ब्रूयाः सान्त्वपूर्वं च पार्थम्
M. N. Dutt: On your acting thus the righteous Yudhishthira will verily feel that you have offered him a death-blow. Later on you will worship his feet and speak to him in befitting terms and thus pacify him.
भ्राता प्राज्ञस्तव कोपं न जातु; कुर्याद्राजा कंचन पाण्डवेयः मुक्तोऽनृताद्भ्रातृवधाच्च पार्थ; हृष्टः कर्णं त्वं जहि सूतपुत्रम्
M. N. Dutt: O Partha, your intelligent brother Yudhishthira would never feel in the least angry with you. On being thus freed from impiety and fratricide you may cheerfully proceed against and slay Karna, the son of Suta.
संजय उवाच इत्येवमुक्तस्तु जनार्दनेन; पार्थः प्रशस्याथ सुहृद्वधं तम् ततोऽब्रवीदर्जुनो धर्मराज;मनुक्तपूर्वं परुषं प्रसह्य
M. N. Dutt: Sanjaya said Being thus spoken to by Janardana, Pritha's son Arjuna highly approved of the friendly counsels and then addressing Yudhishthira, the righteous, in a sullen tone, spoke such harsh words as he had never before done.
मा त्वं राजन्व्याहर व्याहरत्सु; न तिष्ठसे क्रोशमात्रे रणार्धे भीमस्तु मामर्हति गर्हणाय; यो युध्यते सर्वयोधप्रवीरः
AI Translation: O king, do not speak while others are speaking. You do not stand even a krośa away from the battlefield. Bhima deserves to be blamed, who fights with all the best warriors.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.73 D2.6 T2 subst. for 73ab: V1 ins. after 73ab: *716 मा वोचस्त्वं किंचिदिहाद्य राजंस् त्यक्त्वा युद्धं य इह व्यवस्थितस्त्वम्
काले हि शत्रून्प्रतिपीड्य संख्ये; हत्वा च शूरान्पृथिवीपतींस्तान् यः कुञ्जराणामधिकं सहस्रं; हत्वानदत्तुमुलं सिंहनादम्
AI Translation: For, in battle, he has oppressed his enemies, and killed those heroes, the lords of the earth; and, having killed more than a thousand elephants, he has roared a terrible roar.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.74 After 74ab, N T G ins.: *717 रथप्रधानोत्तमनागमुख्यान् सादिप्रवेकानमितांश्च शूरान् After 74, N T G ins.: *718 काम्बोजानामयुत पार्वतीयान् मृगान्सिंहो विनिहत्येव चाजौ
सुदुष्करं कर्म करोति वीरः; कर्तुं यथा नार्हसि त्वं कदाचित् रथादवप्लुत्य गदां परामृशं;स्तया निहन्त्यश्वनरद्विपान्रणे
AI Translation: The hero performs a very difficult deed, which you would never be able to do. Having dismounted from the chariot, he takes up the mace and with it kills horses, men and elephants in battle.
वरासिना वाजिरथाश्वकुञ्जरां;स्तथा रथाङ्गैर्धनुषा च हन्त्यरीन् प्रमृद्य पद्भ्यामहितान्निहन्ति यः; पुनश्च दोर्भ्यां शतमन्युविक्रमः
AI Translation: With his sword he kills horses, chariots, elephants, and chariots, and with his bow he kills enemies. He tramples on the wicked with his feet and kills them, and with his arms he has the strength to kill a hundred enemies.
महाबलो वैश्रवणान्तकोपमः; प्रसह्य हन्ता द्विषतां यथार्हम् स भीमसेनोऽर्हति गर्हणां मे; न त्वं नित्यं रक्ष्यसे यः सुहृद्भिः
AI Translation: He is as powerful as Vaiśravaṇa, the destroyer of Antaka, and he forcibly kills enemies as they deserve. That Bhīmasena deserves my censure, not you, who are always protected by your friends.
महारथान्नागवरान्हयांश्च; पदातिमुख्यानपि च प्रमथ्य एको भीमो धार्तराष्ट्रेषु मग्नः; स मामुपालब्धुमरिंदमोऽर्हति
M. N. Dutt: He, who has been diving single-handed deep into the surge of Duryodhana's soldiers, carrying by storm the foremost elephants, steeds, infantry and charioteers; that Bhimsena, the slayer of foes, may reprove me.
कलिङ्गवङ्गाङ्गनिषादमागधा;न्सदामदान्नीलबलाहकोपमान् निहन्ति यः शत्रुगणाननेकशः; स माभिवक्तुं प्रभवत्यनागसम्
M. N. Dutt: He, who has been slaying, in numbers the ever-furious elephants of the hostile Anga, Banga, Kalinga, Nishada and Magadha, that look like masses of blue clouds; that Bhimasena, the chastiser of enemies, may find fault with me.
सुयुक्तमास्थाय रथं हि काले; धनुर्विकर्षञ्शरपूर्णमुष्टिः सृजत्यसौ शरवर्षाणि वीरो; महाहवे मेघ इवाम्बुधाराः
M. N. Dutt: In the battle that valiant Brikodara being seated on a superbly-decked chariot has been holding in readiness handful of arrows and opportunely hurling them down in showers, like the clouds pouring torrents of rain.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.80 After 80, N T G M1 ins.: *719 शतान्यष्टौ वारणानामपश्यं विशातितैः कुम्भकराग्रहस्तैः Ś K V1 B Da1 Dn1 D1-5.7.8 cont.: *720 भीमेनाजौ निहतान्यद्य बाणैः स मां क्रूरं वक्तुमर्हत्यरिघ्नः while D6 cont. after 719*: *721 महारथानामयुतं सुपूर्णम् अथाश्वानामयुतानि षट्च पदातिसंघान्बहुशो विमृद्य वीरान्हत्वा शतशोऽथाप्रमादी प्राणांस्त्यक्त्वा दुस्त्यजानाजिमध्ये संयुद्धे यो वैरिभिर्भीमसेनः Finally, T2.8 G M1 cont. after 719*: *722 यो भीमसेनो निहतारिसंघः स मामुपालब्धुमरिंदमोऽर्हति
बलं तु वाचि द्विजसत्तमानां; क्षात्रं बुधा बाहुबलं वदन्ति त्वं वाग्बलो भारत निष्ठुरश्च; त्वमेव मां वेत्सि यथाविधोऽहम्
M. N. Dutt: O Bharata, the learned men say that the strength of the foremost of Brahmanas lies in words and the main strength of the Kshatriyas is in their arms; but your strength lies in your words, moreover you are wanton. As for me, it is not unknown to you what stuff I am made of.
यतामि नित्यं तव कर्तुमिष्टं; दारैः सुतैर्जीवितेनात्मना च एवं च मां वाग्विशिखैर्निहंसि; त्वत्तः सुखं न वयं विद्म किंचित्
M. N. Dutt: I am ever bent upon pandering to your inclinations with my wives, sons, life and soul; still that you has been torturing me with your pointed words, I am convinced that we cannot expect happiness at your hands.
अवामंस्था मां द्रौपदीतल्पसंस्थो; महारथान्प्रतिहन्मि त्वदर्थे तेनातिशङ्की भारत निष्ठुरोऽसि; त्वत्तः सुखं नाभिजानामि किंचित्
M. N. Dutt: O Bharata, do you be trifling with me no longer, lying all the while on Draupadi's bed. it is for you that I have been slaying many a mighty car-warrior. Perhaps that has been making you fearless and wanton still. Indeed, I could never feel any happiness from you.
प्रोक्तः स्वयं सत्यसंधेन मृत्यु;स्तव प्रियार्थं नरदेव युद्धे वीरः शिखण्डी द्रौपदोऽसौ महात्मा; मयाभिगुप्तेन हतश्च तेन
M. N. Dutt: O God among men, the magnanimous Bhishma, true to his vows and only with a view to please you, has himself pointed out that the valiant and high-souled Shikhandin, the son of Drupada, would be the cause of his death; and when I had been shielding that Shikhandin in the battle-field he was slain by the latter.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.84 T1.3 G M ins. after 84: T2 after the first occurrence of 83: *723 द्रोणो हतो यः सततोपकारी धृष्टद्युम्नेन स्यन्दनाद्विप्रकृष्य द्रौणिश्च क्रुद्धो सगणो महात्मा तथापि ते वै वचनं नृशंसवत् T1.3 G M cont.: *724 दुःखं प्रियं ते नरदेव कर्तुं यस्य प्रियं ते न करोम्यहं वै न मुच्यते वै दिवि चेह वा पुमान् यस्ते मदन्योऽप्रियमारभेत
न चाभिनन्दामि तवाधिराज्यं; यतस्त्वमक्षेष्वहिताय सक्तः स्वयं कृत्वा पापमनार्यजुष्ट;मेभिर्युद्धे तर्तुमिच्छस्यरींस्तु
M. N. Dutt: I do not approve of your being restored to sovereignty, because you are addicted to the vice of gambling. Having thyself committed a sin, to which the low alone are addicted, you are now trying to get off from your foes through our aid.
अक्षेषु दोषा बहवो विधर्माः; श्रुतास्त्वया सहदेवोऽब्रवीद्यान् तान्नैषि संतर्तुमसाधुजुष्टा;न्येन स्म सर्वे निरयं प्रपन्नाः
M. N. Dutt: You had heard of the immorality and the numerous evils of playing at dice, dilated upon by Sahadeva. Yet you could not forego those evils practised by the wicked alone. It is but for this that we are steeped in distress.
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.86 After 86, N (K1 om.) T2 ins.: *725 सुखं त्वत्तो नाभिजानीम किंचिद् यतस्त्वमक्षैर्देवितुं संप्रवृत्तः स्वयं कृत्वा परुषं पाण्डव त्वं भूयस्तीक्ष्णाः श्रावयस्यद्य वाचः शेतेऽस्माभिर्निहता शत्रुसेना छिन्नैर्गात्रैर्भूमितले नदन्ती त्वया हि तत्कर्म कृतं नृशंसं यस्माद्दोषः कौरवाणां वधश्च हता उदीच्या निहताः प्रतीच्या नष्टाः प्राच्या दाक्षिणात्या विशस्ताः कृतं कर्माप्रतिरूपं महद्भिस् तेषां योधैरस्मदीयैश्च युद्धे
त्वं देविता त्वत्कृते राज्यनाश;स्त्वत्संभवं व्यसनं नो नरेन्द्र मास्मान्क्रूरैर्वाक्प्रतोदैस्तुद त्वं; भूयो राजन्कोपयन्नल्पभाग्यान्
M. N. Dutt: O ruler of mankind, it was you who had played at dice and it was for you alone that our kingdom was lost and we have fallen on evil days. Therefore, O king, do not provoke us too much by casting cruel aspersions on us.
एता वाचः परुषाः सव्यसाची; स्थिरप्रज्ञं श्रावयित्वा ततक्ष तदानुतेपे सुरराजपुत्रो; विनिःश्वसंश्चाप्यसिमुद्बबर्ह
AI Translation: Having heard these harsh words, the son of Pandu, the wielder of the Gandiva, was deeply distressed. Then the son of the king of the gods repented and sighed, drawing
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.88 After 88ab, K4 V1 B D (except D2.8) ins.: *726 बभूवासौ विमना धर्मभीरुः कृत्वा प्राज्ञः पातकं किंचिदेवम् T3 G M subst. for 88cd: T1.2 ins. after 88ab: *727 विनिश्वसञ्ज्येष्ठमनिष्टमुक्त्वा ततस्तु कोशादसिमुद्बबर्ह T1.2 cont.: V1 B2.3.5 Da1 D1.5 ins. after 88: *728 समुद्दधारासिमुदारकर्मा निहन्तुमात्मानममित्रसाहम्
तमाह कृष्णः किमिदं पुनर्भवा;न्विकोशमाकाशनिभं करोत्यसिम् प्रब्रूहि सत्यं पुनरुत्तरं विधे;र्वचः प्रवक्ष्याम्यहमर्थसिद्धये
AI Translation: Krishna asked him, "What is this? Are you again making the sword like the sheath, like the sky? Tell me the truth. I will speak the words for the sake of accomplishing the purpose. I will speak the words for the sake of accomplishing the purpose."
इत्येव पृष्टः पुरुषोत्तमेन; सुदुःखितः केशवमाह वाक्यम् अहं हनिष्ये स्वशरीरमेव; प्रसह्य येनाहितमाचरं वै
AI Translation: Thus asked by the Supreme Being, the greatly afflicted one spoke these words to Keshava: "I shall destroy my own body, by which I have done what should not be done."
निशम्य तत्पार्थवचोऽब्रवीदिदं; धनंजयं धर्मभृतां वरिष्ठः प्रब्रूहि पार्थ स्वगुणानिहात्मन;स्तथा स्वहार्दं भवतीह सद्यः
AI Translation: Hearing these words of Partha, the best of the upholders of dharma said this to Dhananjaya: "Tell me, Partha, your own qualities here, and also your own heart
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.91 After 91ab, K4 V1 B D (except D2.8) T1.2 ins.: *729 राजानमेनं त्वमितीदमुक्त्वा किं कश्मलं प्राविशः पार्थ घोरम् त्वं चात्मानं हन्तुमिच्छस्यरिघ्न नेदं सद्भिः सेवितं वै किरीटिन् धर्मात्मानं भ्रातरं ज्येष्ठमद्य खड्गेन चैनं यदि हन्या नृवीर धर्माद्भीतस्तत्कथं नाम ते स्यात् किं चोत्तरं वाकरिष्यस्त्वमेव सूक्ष्मो धर्मो दुर्विदश्चापि पार्थ विशेषतोऽज्ञैः प्रोच्यमानं निबोध हत्वात्मानमात्मना प्राप्नुयास्त्वं वधाद्भ्रातुर्नरकं चातिघोरम्
तथास्तु कृष्णेत्यभिनन्द्य वाक्यं; धनंजयः प्राह धनुर्विनाम्य युधिष्ठिरं धर्मभृतां वरिष्ठं; शृणुष्व राजन्निति शक्रसूनुः
M. N. Dutt: Therefore, O Partha, now recount to him your merits and valourous deeds and you shall thereby slay yourself.” Dhananjaya, the son of Sakra (Indra) hailed these words, saying-"Be it so." Then lowering his bow, he said unto Yudhishthira, the adored of the virtuous, "Hear me, O king.
न मादृशोऽन्यो नरदेव विद्यते; धनुर्धरो देवमृते पिनाकिनम् अहं हि तेनानुमतो महात्मना; क्षणेन हन्यां सचराचरं जगत्
M. N. Dutt: O ruler of men, excepting only the wielder of Pinaka, the foremost of the Gods, there is no skilled archer like me. On receiving the sanction of that illustrious deity, whose forehead is bedecked with the crescent moon, I can surely destroy in a moment this whole universe with all its organic and inorganic creation.
मया हि राजन्सदिगीश्वरा दिशो; विजित्य सर्वा भवतः कृता वशे स राजसूयश्च समाप्तदक्षिणः; सभा च दिव्या भवतो ममौजसा
M. N. Dutt: O king, it was I who had defeated all the nations and the chiefs of all the principalities in the world and brought them under your subjection. It was through my influence that your Rajasuya sacrifice had been brought to a happy close by gifts of Dakshina and by a meeting of celestials.
पाणौ पृषत्का लिखिता ममेमे; धनुश्च संख्ये विततं सबाणम् पादौ च मे सशरौ सहध्वजौ; न मादृशं युद्धगतं जयन्ति
M. N. Dutt: In my palms there are the signs of sharp swords and stringed bows and arrows and in my soles and the marks of cars and ensigns. That is why a man like me can never be defeated in battle.
हता उदीच्या निहताः प्रतीच्याः; प्राच्या निरस्ता दाक्षिणात्या विशस्ताः संशप्तकानां किंचिदेवावशिष्टं; सर्वस्य सैन्यस्य हतं मयार्धम्
M. N. Dutt: I have slain the enemies from the North, routed the foes from the West, driven off the hostile squadron from the East and exterminated the foes from the South. Indeed I have slain over half the hostile armies; there is left only a small portion of the most unflinching foes. O king, the army of Bharata, with the blazing effulgence of the celestial host, being slain by me are lying flat on the field.
शेते मया निहता भारती च; चमू राजन्देवचमूप्रकाशा ये नास्त्रज्ञास्तानहं हन्मि शस्त्रै;स्तस्माल्लोकं नेह करोमि भस्मसात्
AI Translation: The army of the king of the gods, shining like the army of the gods, lies slain by me. I kill those who do not know the weapons with weapons. Therefore, I do not
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.97 K4 V1 B D (except D2.8) ins. after 97: T2 after 98cd: *730 जैत्रं रथं भीममास्थाय कृष्ण प्रयाव शीघ्रं सूतपुत्रं निहन्तुम् राजा भवत्वद्य सुनिर्वृतोऽयं कर्णं रणे नाशयितास्मि बाणैः
इत्येवमुक्त्वा पुनराह पार्थो; युधिष्ठिरं धर्मभृतां वरिष्ठम् अप्यपुत्रा तेन राधा भवित्री; कुन्ती मया वा तदृतं विद्धि राजन् प्रसीद राजन्क्षम यन्मयोक्तं; काले भवान्वेत्स्यति तन्नमस्ते
AI Translation: Having thus spoken, Partha again spoke to Yudhishthira, the best of the upholders of dharma: "Whether Radha will be childless or Kunti by me, know that
Supplementary Passages:
8.49.98 K4 Dn1 D7 ins. after the repetition of 98ab: V1 B Da1 D1.3-6 T3 G3 after 98ab: *731 विमुक्तशस्त्रास्त्रधनुर्विसृज्य कोशे च खड्गं विनिधाय तूर्णम् स व्रीडया नम्रशिराः किरीटी युधिष्ठिरं प्राञ्जलिरभ्युवाच After 98cd, K4 B D (except D2.8) ins.: *732 सत्यं वदाम्यद्य न कर्णमाजौ शरैरहत्वा कवचं विमोक्ष्ये
प्रसाद्य राजानममित्रसाहं; स्थितोऽब्रवीच्चैनमभिप्रपन्नः याम्येष भीमं समरात्प्रमोक्तुं; सर्वात्मना सूतपुत्रं च हन्तुम्
AI Translation: Having propitiated the king, the slayer of enemies, he stood and said to him, having approached him: "I am going to release Bhima from battle and to kill the son of
तव प्रियार्थं मम जीवितं हि; ब्रवीमि सत्यं तदवेहि राजन् इति प्रायादुपसंगृह्य पादौ; समुत्थितो दीप्ततेजाः किरीटी नेदं चिरात्क्षिप्रमिदं भविष्य;त्यावर्ततेऽसावभियामि चैनम्
AI Translation: For your sake, O king, I am giving up my life. Know this to be the truth. Thus speaking, he took hold of his feet and rose up, radiant and crowned.
एतच्छ्रुत्वा पाण्डवो धर्मराजो; भ्रातुर्वाक्यं परुषं फल्गुनस्य उत्थाय तस्माच्छयनादुवाच; पार्थं ततो दुःखपरीतचेताः
M. N. Dutt: The diadem-decked Arjuna of blazing effulgence having said this and worshipped Yudhishthira by his feet, rose to proceed to the battle. After having heard these harsh words of Phalguna (Arjuna). Yudhishthira, the foremost of the righteous, with a heavy heart rose from the bed (on which he had been reclining) and said unto him.
कृतं मया पार्थ यथा न साधु; येन प्राप्तं व्यसनं वः सुघोरम् तस्माच्छिरश्छिन्द्धि ममेदमद्य; कुलान्तकस्याधमपूरुषस्य
M. N. Dutt: O Arjuna, the wicked deed that I have done has brought upon you this terrible calamity; do you, therefore, chop off today the head of this exterminator of the race, the worst of the family.
पापस्य पापव्यसनान्वितस्य; विमूढबुद्धेरलसस्य भीरोः वृद्धावमन्तुः परुषस्य चैव; किं ते चिरं मामनुवृत्य रूक्षम्
AI Translation: For the wicked, for the addicted, for the deluded, for the lazy, for the timid, for the aged, for the despised, for the harsh, for the deceitful, for the envious
गच्छाम्यहं वनमेवाद्य पापः; सुखं भवान्वर्ततां मद्विहीनः योग्यो राजा भीमसेनो महात्मा; क्लीबस्य वा मम किं राज्यकृत्यम्
AI Translation: I am going to the forest. You, the sinner, may live happily without me. The great Bhima is fit to be king. What is the use of my kingdom to a coward like me?
न चास्मि शक्तः परुषाणि सोढुं; पुनस्तवेमानि रुषान्वितस्य भीमोऽस्तु राजा मम जीवितेन; किं कार्यमद्यावमतस्य वीर
AI Translation: And I am not able to bear your harsh words, these of yours, full of anger. Let Bhima be king, with my life; what is to be done now by one who is
इत्येवमुक्त्वा सहसोत्पपात; राजा ततस्तच्छयनं विहाय इयेष निर्गन्तुमथो वनाय; तं वासुदेवः प्रणतोऽभ्युवाच
M. N. Dutt: I cannot any longer bear the harsh words you spoke being excited with anger. Therefore, let Bhimasena be the king. It is not worth my while to live after being thus insulted." Having expressed himself thus, the king Yudhishthira leaving that bed stood up suddenly and then expressed his intention of proceeding to the woods. Upon this Vasudeva bowing down, said unto him.
राजन्विदितमेतत्ते यथा गाण्डीवधन्वनः प्रतिज्ञा सत्यसंधस्य गाण्डीवं प्रति विश्रुता
M. N. Dutt: O king! you know already the vow of the veracious wielder of the Gandiva, in respect of his Gandiva.
ब्रूयाद्य एवं गाण्डीवं देह्यन्यस्मै त्वमित्युत स वध्योऽस्य पुमाँल्लोके त्वया चोक्तोऽयमीदृशम्
M. N. Dutt: Whoever in this world tells him, 'Give your Gandiva to anotehr,' would be slain by him. And even these words you addressed him just now.
अतः सत्यां प्रतिज्ञां तां पार्थेन परिरक्षता मच्छन्दादवमानोऽयं कृतस्तव महीपते गुरूणामवमानो हि वध इत्यभिधीयते
M. N. Dutt: O lord of the Earth! that is why Partha simply to keep up that solemn vow, under my instructions, addressed you with those insulting words. Because it is said, that insults to superiors are tantamount to death.
तस्मात्त्वं वै महाबाहो मम पार्थस्य चोभयोः व्यतिक्रममिमं राजन्संक्षमस्वार्जुनं प्रति
M. N. Dutt: Therefore, O long armed king! forgive us of the unmannerly behaviour of us both, Arjuna and myself.
शरणं त्वां महाराज प्रपन्नौ स्व उभावपि क्षन्तुमर्हसि मे राजन्प्रणतस्याभियाचतः
M. N. Dutt: O king! we both of us surrender ourselves to you. I beseech you, by all means vouchsafe us your pardon.
राधेयस्याद्य पापस्य भूमिः पास्यति शोणितम् सत्यं ते प्रतिजानामि हतं विद्ध्यद्य सूतजम् यस्येच्छसि वधं तस्य गतमेवाद्य जीवितम्
M. N. Dutt: Today the earth shall soak the blood of that reprobate son of Radha; solemnly I swear before you that you may count upon Suta's son as slain today and know it for certain that whomever you like, he loses his life today.
इति कृष्णवचः श्रुत्वा धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ससंभ्रमं हृषीकेशमुत्थाप्य प्रणतं तदा कृताञ्जलिमिदं वाक्यमुवाचानन्तरं वचः
M. N. Dutt: Upon this Yudhishthira, the foremost of the righteous, hastened to raise the prostrate Hrishikesha with due honor. Then, folding his hands together, he said unto him these opportune words-
एवमेतद्यथात्थ त्वमस्त्येषोऽतिक्रमो मम अनुनीतोऽस्मि गोविन्द तारितश्चाद्य माधव मोक्षिता व्यसनाद्घोराद्वयमद्य त्वयाच्युत
M. N. Dutt: It is just as you said, O Govinda! Let this transgression be in respect of me; there is no harm in that. O Madhava, O Achyuta! I am obliged, to and saved by you; you have rescued us today from a grave calamity.
भवन्तं नाथमासाद्य आवां व्यसनसागरात् घोरादद्य समुत्तीर्णावुभावज्ञानमोहितौ
AI Translation: Having attained you, O Lord, we two, deluded by ignorance, have today been delivered from the ocean of misery.
त्वद्बुद्धिप्लवमासाद्य दुःखशोकार्णवाद्वयम् समुत्तीर्णाः सहामात्याः सनाथाः स्म त्वयाच्युत
AI Translation: Having reached the shore of your wisdom, we have crossed the ocean of suffering and sorrow. O Achyuta, we are protected by you, along with our ministers.