Critical Edition
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच अधर्मेण हतं दृष्ट्वा राजानं माधवोत्तमः किमब्रवीत्तदा सूत बलदेवो महाबलः
M. N. Dutt: Dhritarashtra said “Seeing the (Kuru) king struck dawn unfairly, what, O charioteer did the powerful Baladeva, that Madhu's chief, say.
गदायुद्धविशेषज्ञो गदायुद्धविशारदः कृतवान्रौहिणेयो यत्तन्ममाचक्ष्व संजय
M. N. Dutt: “Tell me, O Sanjaya, what Rohini's son, well-skilled in mace encounters and well acquainted with all its rules did on that occasion!"
संजय उवाच शिरस्यभिहतं दृष्ट्वा भीमसेनेन ते सुतम् रामः प्रहरतां श्रेष्ठश्चुक्रोध बलवद्बली
M. N. Dutt: Sanjaya said "Secing your son struck at the thighs, the powerful Rama, that best of smiters, became highly angry.
ततो मध्ये नरेन्द्राणामूर्ध्वबाहुर्हलायुधः कुर्वन्नार्तस्वरं घोरं धिग्धिग्भीमेत्युवाच ह
M. N. Dutt: Raising his arms up, the hero having the plough for his weapon, sorrowfully said in the midst of those kings-'Oh, fie on Bhima, fie on Bhima.
अहो धिग्यदधो नाभेः प्रहृतं शुद्धविक्रमे नैतद्दृष्टं गदायुद्धे कृतवान्यद्वृकोदरः
M. N. Dutt: Oh, fie, that in such a fair fight a blow has been inflicted below the navel! Never before has such an act, as has been done by Vrikodara, been seen in an encounter with the mace!
अधो नाभ्या न हन्तव्यमिति शास्त्रस्य निश्चयः अयं त्वशास्त्रविन्मूढः स्वच्छन्दात्संप्रवर्तते
M. N. Dutt: No limb below the navel should be struck. This is the rule laid down in treatises! Bhima, however, is an ignorant wretch, unacquainted with the code of war! He, therefore, acted as he likes.'
तस्य तत्तद्ब्रुवाणस्य रोषः समभवन्महान् ततो लाङ्गलमुद्यम्य भीममभ्यद्रवद्बली
AI Translation: When he said this, a great anger arose in him. Then, raising his plough, the powerful one rushed towards Bhima.
Supplementary Passages:
9.59.7 After 7b, Bom. ed. ins.: *350 ततो राजानमालोक्य रोषसंरक्तलोचनः बलदेवो महाराज ततो वचनमब्रवीत् न चैष पतितः कृष्ण केवलं मत्समोऽसमः आश्रितस्य तु दौर्बल्यादाश्रयः परिभर्त्स्यते
तस्योर्ध्वबाहोः सदृशं रूपमासीन्महात्मनः बहुधातुविचित्रस्य श्वेतस्येव महागिरेः
AI Translation: The form of the great-souled one, with his arms raised, was like the great white mountain, adorned with many minerals.
Supplementary Passages:
9.59.8 After 8, B5 ins.: *351 तमुत्पतन्तं संक्रुद्धं विज्ञाय मधुसूदनः while S (except M3; G1 om.; T3.4 missing) ins.: *352 भ्रातृभिः सहितो भीमः सार्जुनैरस्त्रकोविदैः न विव्यथे महाराज दृष्ट्वा हलधरं बली
तमुत्पतन्तं जग्राह केशवो विनयानतः बाहुभ्यां पीनवृत्ताभ्यां प्रयत्नाद्बलवद्बली
M. N. Dutt: The powerful Keshava, however, ever bending with humility, caught the rushing Rama, with his massive and well-formed arms.
सितासितौ यदुवरौ शुशुभातेऽधिकं ततः नभोगतौ यथा राजंश्चन्द्रसूर्यौ दिनक्षये
AI Translation: Then the two best of the Yadus, white and black, shone forth all the more, like the moon and sun in the sky at the end of the day.
Supplementary Passages:
9.59.10 After 10b, T (T3.4 missing) G2.3 ins.: *353 संगताविव राजेन्द्र कैलासाञ्जनपर्वतौ
उवाच चैनं संरब्धं शमयन्निव केशवः आत्मवृद्धिर्मित्रवृद्धिर्मित्रमित्रोदयस्तथा विपरीतं द्विषत्स्वेतत्षड्विधा वृद्धिरात्मनः
M. N. Dutt: For pacifying the angry Rama, Keshava addressed him, saying, "There are six sorts of advancement that a person may scek, viz., one's own advancement, the advancement of one's friends' the destruction of one enemy, the destruction of one's enemy's friends, and the destruction of one's enemy's friends' friends.
आत्मन्यपि च मित्रेषु विपरीतं यदा भवेत् तदा विद्यान्मनोज्यानिमाशु शान्तिकरो भवेत्
AI Translation: When the opposite of this is found in oneself and friends, then one should know that the mind is afflicted. Quickly one should become the doer of pacification.
अस्माकं सहजं मित्रं पाण्डवाः शुद्धपौरुषाः स्वकाः पितृष्वसुः पुत्रास्ते परैर्निकृता भृशम्
AI Translation: Our natural friends are the Pandavas, who are pure in their manliness. They are our own nephews, sons of our father's sister, who have been severely wronged by others.
प्रतिज्ञापारणं धर्मः क्षत्रियस्येति वेत्थ ह सुयोधनस्य गदया भङ्क्तास्म्यूरू महाहवे इति पूर्वं प्रतिज्ञातं भीमेन हि सभातले
M. N. Dutt: The fulfillment of one's promise is one's duty. Formerly Bhima had promised in the midst of the assembly that he would in great battle break with his mace the thighs of Duryodhana.
मैत्रेयेणाभिशप्तश्च पूर्वमेव महर्षिणा ऊरू भेत्स्यति ते भीमो गदयेति परंतप अतो दोषं न पश्यामि मा क्रुधस्त्वं प्रलम्बहन्
M. N. Dutt: The great Rishi Maitreya also had formerly imprecated Duryodhana, saying, Bhima will, with his mace, break your thighs.
Supplementary Passages:
9.59.15 After 15, T2 ins.: *354 ये ज्ञातिबान्धवेभ्यश्च श्रेष्ठा वै स्नेहबान्धवाः पाण्डवाश्चाभवञ्श्रेष्ठाः स्नेहात्संबन्धतस्तथा
यौनैर्हार्दैश्च संबन्धैः संबद्धाः स्मेह पाण्डवैः तेषां वृद्ध्याभिवृद्धिर्नो मा क्रुधः पुरुषर्षभ
AI Translation: We are connected to the Pandavas by marriage, by affection, and by friendship. Our prosperity is dependent on their prosperity. O bull among men, do not be angry.
Supplementary Passages:
9.59.16 After 16, K3 B (B3 damaged) D (except D3.11) M1.3 ins.: *355 वासुदेववचः श्रुत्वा सीरभृत्प्राह धर्मवित्
राम उवाच धर्मः सुचरितः सद्भिः सह द्वाभ्यां नियच्छति अर्थश्चात्यर्थलुब्धस्य कामश्चातिप्रसङ्गिनः
AI Translation: Rama said: Dharma, well-practiced by the good, restrains both of them. Wealth and desire, for one who is excessively greedy and one who indulges too much.
धर्मार्थौ धर्मकामौ च कामार्थौ चाप्यपीडयन् धर्मार्थकामान्योऽभ्येति सोऽत्यन्तं सुखमश्नुते
M. N. Dutt: Whoever, without making distinction between Morality and Profit, or Morality and Pleasure, or Pleasure and Profit, follows all three, viz., Morality, Profit and Pleasure, always succeeds in obtaining great happiness.
तदिदं व्याकुलं सर्वं कृतं धर्मस्य पीडनात् भीमसेनेन गोविन्द कामं त्वं तु यथात्थ माम्
M. N. Dutt: It is because Bhimasena, has deviated from morality this harmony, of which I have spoken, has been disturbed, Inspite, O Govinda, of all your arguments to me!'
वासुदेव उवाच अरोषणो हि धर्मात्मा सततं धर्मवत्सलः भवान्प्रख्यायते लोके तस्मात्संशाम्य मा क्रुधः
M. N. Dutt: Krishna replied, saying-You are always described as shorn of wrath, and devoted to righteousness! Pacify yourself, therefore, and do not yield to wrath!
प्राप्तं कलियुगं विद्धि प्रतिज्ञां पाण्डवस्य च आनृण्यं यातु वैरस्य प्रतिज्ञायाश्च पाण्डवः
M. N. Dutt: Know that the Kali age is at hand. Remember also the promise made by the son of Pandu! Let, therefore, the son of Pandu be regarded to have requited the debt he owed to his enemy and to have carried out his promise."
Supplementary Passages:
9.59.21 After 21, S (except M1; T3.4 missing) ins.: *356 अतः पुरुषशार्दूलो हत्वा नैकृतिकं रणे निकृत्या निकृतिप्रज्ञं यो हन्याद्वैरिणं रणे अधर्मो विद्यते नात्र यद्भीमो हतवान्रिपुम् युध्यन्तं समरे वीरं कुरुवृष्णियशस्करम् अनेन कर्णः संदिष्टः प्रतीतो धनुरच्छिनत् ततः संछिन्नधन्वानं विरथं पौरुषे स्थितम् व्यायुधीकृत्य हतवान्सौभद्रमपलायिनम् जन्मप्रभृति लुब्धश्च पापश्चैष दुरात्मवान् निहतो भीमसेनेन दुर्बुद्धिः कुलपांसनः प्रतिज्ञां भीमसेनस्य त्रयोदशसमार्जिताम् किमर्थं नाभिजानाति युध्यमानो हि विश्रुताम् ऊर्ध्वमुत्क्रम्य वेगेन जिघांसन्तं वृकोदरः बभञ्ज गदया चोरू न च स्थाने च मण्डले After line 1, T2 ins.: *357 गच्छत्वद्य महाप्राज्ञो भीमसेनो महाबलः
संजय उवाच धर्मच्छलमपि श्रुत्वा केशवात्स विशां पते नैव प्रीतमना रामो वचनं प्राह संसदि
AI Translation: Sanjaya said: Hearing about the trickery of Dharma from Keshava, O lord of the earth, Rama was not pleased in his mind and spoke these words in the assembly:
हत्वाधर्मेण राजानं धर्मात्मानं सुयोधनम् जिह्मयोधीति लोकेऽस्मिन्ख्यातिं यास्यति पाण्डवः
AI Translation: Having killed the king, who was righteous, Suyodhana, the Pandava will attain fame in this world as a crooked fighter.
दुर्योधनोऽपि धर्मात्मा गतिं यास्यति शाश्वतीम् ऋजुयोधी हतो राजा धार्तराष्ट्रो नराधिपः
M. N. Dutt: The righteous Duryodhana, on the other hand, shall acquire cternal blessedness! Dhritarashtra's royal son, who has been struck down, is a fair warrior!
युद्धदीक्षां प्रविश्याजौ रणयज्ञं वितत्य च हुत्वात्मानममित्राग्नौ प्राप चावभृथं यशः
M. N. Dutt: Having made all possible arrangements for the Sacrifice of battle, and having performed the initiatory rites on the field, and lastly, having poured his life as a libation upon the fire of foes, Duryodhana had duly completed his Sacrifice by the final ablutions of glory!"
Supplementary Passages:
9.59.25 After 25, S (except M1; T3.4 missing) ins.: *358 स्वर्गं गन्ता महाराजः ससुहृज्ज्ञातिबान्धवः
इत्युक्त्वा रथमास्थाय रौहिणेयः प्रतापवान् श्वेताभ्रशिखराकारः प्रययौ द्वारकां प्रति
M. N. Dutt: Having said these words, the brave son of Rohini, looking like a white cloud, got upon his chariot and went towards Dwaraka.
पाञ्चालाश्च सवार्ष्णेयाः पाण्डवाश्च विशां पते रामे द्वारवतीं याते नातिप्रमनसोऽभवन्
M. N. Dutt: The Panchalas, the Vrishnis and the Pandavas. O king, became rather dispirited after Rama had started for Dvaravati.
ततो युधिष्ठिरं दीनं चिन्तापरमधोमुखम् शोकोपहतसंकल्पं वासुदेवोऽब्रवीदिदम्
M. N. Dutt: Then approaching Yudhishthira, who was exceedingly melancholy and anxious, and who hung down his head and knew not what to do in the great affliction of his heart, Vasudeva, said to him these words.
धर्मराज किमर्थं त्वमधर्ममनुमन्यसे हतबन्धोर्यदेतस्य पतितस्य विचेतसः
AI Translation: O Dharma King, why do you permit this unrighteousness? For this one who is bound and killed, fallen and unconscious,
दुर्योधनस्य भीमेन मृद्यमानं शिरः पदा उपप्रेक्षसि कस्मात्त्वं धर्मज्ञः सन्नराधिप
AI Translation: Why do you not see the head of Duryodhana being trampled by Bhima with his foot? O king, you who know Dharma, why do you not see this?
युधिष्ठिर उवाच न ममैतत्प्रियं कृष्ण यद्राजानं वृकोदरः पदा मूर्ध्न्यस्पृशत्क्रोधान्न च हृष्ये कुलक्षये
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira answered This act, O Krishna, of Vrikodara's angrily touching the head of the king with his foot, is not pleasant to me, nor am I glad at this extermination of my race!
निकृत्या निकृता नित्यं धृतराष्ट्रसुतैर्वयम् बहूनि परुषाण्युक्त्वा वनं प्रस्थापिताः स्म ह
M. N. Dutt: By gujle were we always imposed on by the sons of Dhritarastra! They spoke many harsh words to us. We were again exiled into the forest by them.
भीमसेनस्य तद्दुःखमतीव हृदि वर्तते इति संचिन्त्य वार्ष्णेय मयैतत्समुपेक्षितम्
M. N. Dutt: On account of all those acts great grief exists in Bhimasena's heart! Thinking of all this, O hero of the Vrishnis's race, I looked on with indifference!
तस्माद्धत्वाकृतप्रज्ञं लुब्धं कामवशानुगम् लभतां पाण्डवः कामं धर्मेऽधर्मेऽपि वा कृते
M. N. Dutt: Having killed the covetous, foolish and passionate Duryodhana, let the son of Pandu satisfy his desire, be it by means fair or foul.
संजय उवाच इत्युक्ते धर्मराजेन वासुदेवोऽब्रवीदिदम् काममस्त्वेवमिति वै कृच्छ्राद्यदुकुलोद्वहः
AI Translation: Sanjaya said: When this was said by Dharmaraja, Vasudeva said this: "Let it be so, indeed," said the upholder of the Yadu family with difficulty.
Supplementary Passages:
9.59.35 For 35ab, S (except M1; T3.4 missing) subst.: *359 इत्युक्तवति कौन्तेये धर्मराजे युधिष्ठिरे वासुदेवो महाबाहुर्युधिष्ठिरमभाषत
इत्युक्तो वासुदेवेन भीमप्रियहितैषिणा अन्वमोदत तत्सर्वं यद्भीमेन कृतं युधि
AI Translation: Thus addressed by Vasudeva, who was desirous of the welfare and happiness of Bhima, he rejoiced at all that had been done by Bhima in battle.
Supplementary Passages:
9.59.36 After 36, S (except M1; T3.4 missing) ins.: *360 अर्जुनोऽपि महाबाहुरप्रीतेनान्तरात्मना नोवाच किंचिद्वचनं भ्रातरं साध्वसाधु वा
भीमसेनोऽपि हत्वाजौ तव पुत्रममर्षणः अभिवाद्याग्रतः स्थित्वा संप्रहृष्टः कृताञ्जलिः
AI Translation: And Bhimasena, having slain your son in battle, stood before him, delighted, with folded hands.
प्रोवाच सुमहातेजा धर्मराजं युधिष्ठिरम् हर्षादुत्फुल्लनयनो जितकाशी विशां पते
AI Translation: He spoke to the very radiant Dharmaraja Yudhishthira, with eyes wide open with joy, O lord of the people, having conquered Kashi.
तवाद्य पृथिवी राजन्क्षेमा निहतकण्टका तां प्रशाधि महाराज स्वधर्ममनुपालयन्
AI Translation: Today, O king, the earth is peaceful, free from thorns. Rule over it, O great king, upholding your own duty.
यस्तु कर्तास्य वैरस्य निकृत्या निकृतिप्रियः सोऽयं विनिहतः शेते पृथिव्यां पृथिवीपते
M. N. Dutt: He, who was the root of these hostilities, and who fomented them by means of his wiliness, that wretched being, lies struck down, on the bare ground, O lord of Earth.
दुःशासनप्रभृतयः सर्वे ते चोग्रवादिनः राधेयः शकुनिश्चापि निहतास्तव शत्रवः
M. N. Dutt: All those wretched led by Dusshasana, who used to utter cruel words, as also those other enemies of yours, viz., the son of Radha, and Shakuni, have been killed.
सेयं रत्नसमाकीर्णा मही सवनपर्वता उपावृत्ता महाराज त्वामद्य निहतद्विषम्
M. N. Dutt: Filled with all sorts of gems, the Earth, with her forests and mountains, O king, once more approaches you who have no foes alive.'
युधिष्ठिर उवाच गतं वैरस्य निधनं हतो राजा सुयोधनः कृष्णस्य मतमास्थाय विजितेयं वसुंधरा
M. N. Dutt: Yudhishthira said Hostilities have been closed! King Suyodhana has been struck down! The Earth has been conquered (by us), under the advice of Krishna.
दिष्ट्या गतस्त्वमानृण्यं मातुः कोपस्य चोभयोः दिष्ट्या जयसि दुर्धर्ष दिष्ट्या शत्रुर्निपातितः
M. N. Dutt: By good luck, you had paid off your debt to your mother and to your wrath! By good luck, you have been victorious, O invincible hero, and by good luck, your enemy has been killed.'