Critical Edition
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच हतं दुर्योधनं दृष्ट्वा भीमसेनेन संयुगे पाण्डवाः सृञ्जयाश्चैव किमकुर्वत संजय
M. N. Dutt: Dhritarashtra said “Secing Duryodhana struck down in battle by Bhimasena, what, O Sanjaya did the Pandavas and the Srinjayas do?"
Supplementary Passages:
9.60.1 After 1, M4 ins.: *361 अश्वत्थामा कृपश्चैव कृतवर्मा च सात्वतः हतं दुर्योधनं दृष्ट्वा प्रत्यपद्यन्त संजय
संजय उवाच हतं दुर्योधनं दृष्ट्वा भीमसेनेन संयुगे सिंहेनेव महाराज मत्तं वनगजं वने
AI Translation: Sanjaya said: Seeing Duryodhana killed by Bhimasena in the battle, like a lion kills a wild elephant in the forest, O great king,
प्रहृष्टमनसस्तत्र कृष्णेन सह पाण्डवाः पाञ्चालाः सृञ्जयाश्चैव निहते कुरुनन्दने
AI Translation: The Pandavas, with delighted minds, were with Krishna. The Panchalas and Srinjayas, with the son of the Kurus slain,
आविध्यन्नुत्तरीयाणि सिंहनादांश्च नेदिरे नैतान्हर्षसमाविष्टानियं सेहे वसुंधरा
AI Translation: They shook their upper garments and roared like lions. The earth could not bear these who were filled with joy.
धनूंष्यन्ये व्याक्षिपन्त ज्याश्चाप्यन्ये तथाक्षिपन् दध्मुरन्ये महाशङ्खानन्ये जघ्नुश्च दुन्दुभीः
M. N. Dutt: Some stretched their bows; others drew their bowstrings. Some blew their huge conchs; other beat their drums.
चिक्रीडुश्च तथैवान्ये जहसुश्च तवाहिताः अब्रुवंश्चासकृद्वीरा भीमसेनमिदं वचः
AI Translation: Others played and laughed, and others, not well-disposed, Repeatedly spoke these words to Bhimasena:
दुष्करं भवता कर्म रणेऽद्य सुमहत्कृतम् कौरवेन्द्रं रणे हत्वा गदयातिकृतश्रमम्
AI Translation: You have done a very difficult deed today in battle. Having killed the lord of the Kurus in battle with the mace, who was extremely exhausted,
इन्द्रेणेव हि वृत्रस्य वधं परमसंयुगे त्वया कृतममन्यन्त शत्रोर्वधमिमं जनाः
AI Translation: Just as Indra killed Vritra in the supreme battle, The people thought that you had done this killing of the enemy.
चरन्तं विविधान्मार्गान्मण्डलानि च सर्वशः दुर्योधनमिमं शूरं कोऽन्यो हन्याद्वृकोदरात्
M. N. Dutt: Who else, but you, O Vrikodara, could kill the heroic Duryodhana while moving about in various ways and performing various manoeuvres.
वैरस्य च गतः पारं त्वमिहान्यैः सुदुर्गमम् अशक्यमेतदन्येन संपादयितुमीदृशम्
M. N. Dutt: You have brought these hostilities, to a close which none could do! This feat of yours is incapable of being done by any other warrior!
कुञ्जरेणेव मत्तेन वीर संग्राममूर्धनि दुर्योधनशिरो दिष्ट्या पादेन मृदितं त्वया
M. N. Dutt: By good luck, you have, O hero, like an infuriate elephant, crushed with your foot the head of Duryodhana on the field of battle!
सिंहेन महिषस्येव कृत्वा संगरमद्भुतम् दुःशासनस्य रुधिरं दिष्ट्या पीतं त्वयानघ
M. N. Dutt: By good luck, O sinless one, you have quaffed the blood of Dussasana on the field of battle!
ये विप्रकुर्वन्राजानं धर्मात्मानं युधिष्ठिरम् मूर्ध्नि तेषां कृतः पादो दिष्ट्या ते स्वेन कर्मणा
M. N. Dutt: By good luck, you have by your own energy, placed your foot on the head of all those that had injured the just king Yudhishthira!
अमित्राणामधिष्ठानाद्वधाद्दुर्योधनस्य च भीम दिष्ट्या पृथिव्यां ते प्रथितं सुमहद्यशः
M. N. Dutt: For your having defeated the foes and having slain Duryodhana, by good luck, O Bhima, your fame has extended over the whole world.
एवं नूनं हते वृत्रे शक्रं नन्दन्ति बन्दिनः तथा त्वां निहतामित्रं वयं नन्दाम भारत
M. N. Dutt: Bards and eulogists praised Shakra after the fall of Vritra as we are now applauding you, O Bharata, after the fall of your foes.
दुर्योधनवधे यानि रोमाणि हृषितानि नः अद्यापि न विहृष्यन्ति तानि तद्विद्धि भारत इत्यब्रुवन्भीमसेनं वातिकास्तत्र संगताः
M. N. Dutt: Know O Bharata, that the joy we felt upon the fall of Duryodhana has not yet decreased the least.' The assembled eulogists on that occasion addressed to Bhimasena these words,
तान्हृष्टान्पुरुषव्याघ्रान्पाञ्चालान्पाण्डवैः सह ब्रुवतः सदृशं तत्र प्रोवाच मधुसूदनः
AI Translation: The delighted tigers among men, the Panchālas and the Pāṇḍavas, spoke in unison. Then Madhusūdana spoke:
न न्याय्यं निहतः शत्रुर्भूयो हन्तुं जनाधिपाः असकृद्वाग्भिरुग्राभिर्निहतो ह्येष मन्दधीः
AI Translation: It is not right to kill again a foe who has already been killed, O kings. This dull-witted one has already been killed by harsh words.
तदैवैष हतः पापो यदैव निरपत्रपः लुब्धः पापसहायश्च सुहृदां शासनातिगः
AI Translation: At that very moment, this wicked one was killed, when he was shameless, greedy, in the company of evil ones, and disobedient to the instructions of his friends.
बहुशो विदुरद्रोणकृपगाङ्गेयसृञ्जयैः पाण्डुभ्यः प्रोच्यमानोऽपि पित्र्यमंशं न दत्तवान्
AI Translation: Even though he was repeatedly requested by Vidura, Drona, Kripa, Gāndhārī, and Sṛñjaya, he did not give the share of the paternal property to the Pāṇḍavas.
Supplementary Passages:
9.60.20 After 20b, T2 ins.: *362 इत्युक्तः पाण्डवेभ्यश्च ह्यर्धराज्यं ददस्व वै After 20, D2.3 ins.: *363 नानेन कार्यं दृष्टेन श्रुतेनैव कथास्वपि ईदृशा भिन्नमर्यादा गतिं यान्तीह तादृशीम् श्रुत्वैवं वचनं तस्य सासूयवचनं तदा ज्वलन्निव च रोषेण स्फुरन्निव च भूपतिः
नैष योग्योऽद्य मित्रं वा शत्रुर्वा पुरुषाधमः किमनेनातिनुन्नेन वाग्भिः काष्ठसधर्मणा
M. N. Dutt: This wretch is not to be regarded either as a friend or an enemy! What use in using harsh words to him who has now become a piece of wood.
रथेष्वारोहत क्षिप्रं गच्छामो वसुधाधिपाः दिष्ट्या हतोऽयं पापात्मा सामात्यज्ञातिबान्धवः
AI Translation: Quickly mount your chariots, let us go, O lords of the earth. By good fortune, this evil-souled one, along with his ministers, relatives, and kinsmen, has been killed.
इति श्रुत्वा त्वधिक्षेपं कृष्णाद्दुर्योधनो नृपः अमर्षवशमापन्न उदतिष्ठद्विशां पते
AI Translation: Hearing these words of reproach from Krishna, King Duryodhana, overcome with impatience, rose up, O Lord of the people.
स्फिग्देशेनोपविष्टः स दोर्भ्यां विष्टभ्य मेदिनीम् दृष्टिं भ्रूसंकटां कृत्वा वासुदेवे न्यपातयत्
AI Translation: Sitting with his buttocks on the ground, supporting the earth with his arms, He lowered his gaze, with his eyebrows knitted, to Vasudeva.
अर्धोन्नतशरीरस्य रूपमासीन्नृपस्य तत् क्रुद्धस्याशीविषस्येव च्छिन्नपुच्छस्य भारत
AI Translation: The king's body was half-raised, O descendant of Bharata, like a snake whose tail has been cut off.
प्राणान्तकरणीं घोरां वेदनामविचिन्तयन् दुर्योधनो वासुदेवं वाग्भिरुग्राभिरार्दयत्
AI Translation: Not thinking of the terrible pain that would end his life, Duryodhana struck Vasudeva with harsh words.
कंसदासस्य दायाद न ते लज्जास्त्यनेन वै अधर्मेण गदायुद्धे यदहं विनिपातितः
AI Translation: You are the son of Kamsa's servant, and you are not ashamed of this. I was defeated in an unrighteous mace fight.
ऊरू भिन्धीति भीमस्य स्मृतिं मिथ्या प्रयच्छता किं न विज्ञातमेतन्मे यदर्जुनमवोचथाः
AI Translation: "O Bhima, break your thighs!" Thus you gave him false information. "Do you not know this, which you told me about Arjuna?"
घातयित्वा महीपालानृजुयुद्धान्सहस्रशः जिह्मैरुपायैर्बहुभिर्न ते लज्जा न ते घृणा
M. N. Dutt: Having caused the destruction of thousands of kings, who always fought fairly through various kinds of unfair means, do you not feel any shame or abhorrence for those acts?
अहन्यहनि शूराणां कुर्वाणः कदनं महत् शिखण्डिनं पुरस्कृत्य घातितस्ते पितामहः
M. N. Dutt: Having daily bought about a great carnage of heroic warriors, you at last caused the grandshire to be slain by placing Shikhandin to the front.
अश्वत्थाम्नः सनामानं हत्वा नागं सुदुर्मते आचार्यो न्यासितः शस्त्रं किं तन्न विदितं मम
M. N. Dutt: Having again caused an elephant of the same name of Ashvatthama to be killed, O you of vicious principle, you made the preceptor lay aside his weapons. Do you think that this is not known to me?
स चानेन नृशंसेन धृष्टद्युम्नेन वीर्यवान् पात्यमानस्त्वया दृष्टो न चैनं त्वमवारयः
M. N. Dutt: While again that brave hero was about to be killed by this cruel Dhristadyumna, you did not dissuade the latter!
वधार्थं पाण्डुपुत्रस्य याचितां शक्तिमेव च घटोत्कचे व्यंसयथाः कस्त्वत्तः पापकृत्तमः
M. N. Dutt: The dart that had been begged (of Shakra as a boon) by Karna for the destruction of Arjuna, was baffled by you through Ghatotkacha! Who is there that is more sinful than you?
छिन्नबाहुः प्रायगतस्तथा भूरिश्रवा बली त्वया निसृष्टेन हतः शैनेयेन दुरात्मना
M. N. Dutt: Likewise powerful Bhurishravas, with one of his arms cut off and while observing the Praya vow, was caused to be slain by you through the great Satyaki.
कुर्वाणश्चोत्तमं कर्म कर्णः पार्थजिगीषया व्यंसनेनाश्वसेनस्य पन्नगेन्द्रसुतस्य वै
M. N. Dutt: Karna had done a great feat for defeating Partha. You frustrated the object of Ashvasena, the son of that prince of snakes (viz., Takshaka).
पुनश्च पतिते चक्रे व्यसनार्तः पराजितः पातितः समरे कर्णश्चक्रव्यग्रोऽग्रणीर्नृणाम्
M. N. Dutt: When again the wheel of Karna's car sank in mire and Karna was assisted with calamity and almost defeated on that account, and-when, he became anxious to free his wheel—you caused that Karna to be then slain!
यदि मां चापि कर्णं च भीष्मद्रोणौ च संयुगे ऋजुना प्रतियुध्येथा न ते स्याद्विजयो ध्रुवम्
M. N. Dutt: If he had fought me and Karna and Bhisma and Drona by fair means, victory then, forsooth, would never had been yours.
त्वया पुनरनार्येण जिह्ममार्गेण पार्थिवाः स्वधर्ममनुतिष्ठन्तो वयं चान्ये च घातिताः
M. N. Dutt: By adopting the most wily and unfair means you have caused the death of many kings observant of the duties of their order and of ourselves as well.'
Supplementary Passages:
9.60.38 After 38, T (T3.4 missing) G ins.: *364 त्वया मायाविना कृष्ण मायामर्कप्रमोषिणीम् कृत्वा हतः सिन्धुपतिः किं तन्न विदितं मम
वासुदेव उवाच हतस्त्वमसि गान्धारे सभ्रातृसुतबान्धवः सगणः ससुहृच्चैव पापमार्गमनुष्ठितः
M. N. Dutt: Vasudeva said You, O son of Gandhari, have been killed with your brothers, sons, kinsmen, friends, and followers, for the sinful path you followed.
तवैव दुष्कृतैर्वीरौ भीष्मद्रोणौ निपातितौ कर्णश्च निहतः संख्ये तव शीलानुवर्तकः
M. N. Dutt: Through your deeds those two heroes, viz., Bhishma and Drona, have been killed. Karna has been slain for having followed your conduct !
याच्यमानो मया मूढ पित्र्यमंशं न दित्ससि पाण्डवेभ्यः स्वराज्यार्धं लोभाच्छकुनिनिश्चयात्
M. N. Dutt: Requested by me, O fool, you did not, from avarice, give the Pandavas their paternal share, under the advice of Shakuni.
विषं ते भीमसेनाय दत्तं सर्वे च पाण्डवाः प्रदीपिता जतुगृहे मात्रा सह सुदुर्मते
M. N. Dutt: You gave poison to Bhimasena! You, O wicked man, tried to burn all the Pandavas with their mother at the palace of lace!
Supplementary Passages:
9.60.42 After 42, T2 ins.: *365 पाण्डवाः दुःखिताश्चासन्पुरा वै वारणावते
सभायां याज्ञसेनी च कृष्टा द्यूते रजस्वला तदैव तावद्दुष्टात्मन्वध्यस्त्वं निरपत्रपः
M. N. Dutt: While gambling, you insulted the daughter of Yajnasena, while in her season, in the midst of assembly! Shameless as you are, you should have been killed there and then!
अनक्षज्ञं च धर्मज्ञं सौबलेनाक्षवेदिना निकृत्या यत्पराजैषीस्तस्मादसि हतो रणे
M. N. Dutt: Through Subala's son an expert in dice, you unfairly defeated the virtuous Yudhishthira who was unskilled in gambling! For that are killed.
जयद्रथेन पापेन यत्कृष्णा क्लेशिता वने यातेषु मृगयां तेषु तृणबिन्दोरथाश्रमे
M. N. Dutt: Through the sinful Jayadratha again, Krishna was on another occasion insulted when the Pandavas, her lords, had gone out a thunting towards the hermitage of Trinavindu! you
Supplementary Passages:
9.60.45 After 45, T5 ins.: *366 तस्मात्सोऽपि हतः क्रूरस्तव दोषेण चात्मनः
अभिमन्युश्च यद्बाल एको बहुभिराहवे त्वद्दोषैर्निहतः पाप तस्मादसि हतो रणे
M. N. Dutt: Causing Abhimanyu, who was a child and alone, to be surrounded by many, you did kill that hero. For this sin, O sinful wretch, you are slain!
Supplementary Passages:
9.60.46 After 46, B D (except D11) ins.: *367 यान्यकार्याणि चास्माकं कृतानीति प्रभाषसे वैगुण्येन तवात्यर्थं सर्वं हि तदनुष्ठितम् बृहस्पतेरुशनसो नोपदेशः श्रुतस्त्वया वृद्धा नोपासिताश्चैव हितं वाक्यं न ते श्रुतम् लोभेनातिबलेन त्वं तृष्णया च वशीकृतः कृतवानस्यकार्याणि विपाकस्तेषु भुज्यताम्
दुर्योधन उवाच अधीतं विधिवद्दत्तं भूः प्रशास्ता ससागरा मूर्ध्नि स्थितममित्राणां को नु स्वन्ततरो मया
M. N. Dutt: Duryodhana said I have made various studies, made presents according to the ordinance, governed the wide Earth with her seas, and trumpeted over the heads of my fees. Who is there so fortunate as myself?
यदिष्टं क्षत्रबन्धूनां स्वधर्ममनुपश्यताम् तदिदं निधनं प्राप्तं को नु स्वन्ततरो मया
M. N. Dutt: That end again which is sought by Kshatriya observant of the duties of their own order, viz., death in battle, I have also met with mine. Who, therefore, is so fortunate as myself?
देवार्हा मानुषा भोगाः प्राप्ता असुलभा नृपैः ऐश्वर्यं चोत्तमं प्राप्तं को नु स्वन्ततरो मया
M. N. Dutt: I have enjoyed pleasures, such as were worthy of the very gods and such as could with difficulty, be obtained by other kings. I have attained the highest prosperity. Who then is so fortunate as myself?
ससुहृत्सानुबन्धश्च स्वर्गं गन्ताहमच्युत यूयं विहतसंकल्पाः शोचन्तो वर्तयिष्यथ
M. N. Dutt: With all my well-wishers, and my younger brothers, I am going to heaven! As regards yourselves, with your baffled purposes and racked with grief, live you in this unhappy world.
Supplementary Passages:
9.60.50 After 50, T (T3.4 missing) G ins.: *368 न मे विषादो भीमेन पादेन शिर आहतम् काको वा कङ्कगृध्रो वा निधास्यति पदं क्षणात्
संजय उवाच अस्य वाक्यस्य निधने कुरुराजस्य भारत अपतत्सुमहद्वर्षं पुष्पाणां पुण्यगन्धिनाम्
AI Translation: Sanjaya said: At the end of these words of the king of the Kurus, O descendant of Bharata, A great shower of fragrant flowers fell.
अवादयन्त गन्धर्वा जगुश्चाप्सरसां गणाः सिद्धाश्च मुमुचुर्वाचः साधु साध्विति भारत
AI Translation: Gandharvas played musical instruments and groups of Apsaras sang. The Siddhas uttered words of approval, "Well done! Well done!"
Supplementary Passages:
9.60.52 After 52a, B D (except D11) ins.: *369 वादित्रं सुमनोहरम् जगुश्चाप्सरसो राज्ञो यशः संबद्धमेव च
ववौ च सुरभिर्वायुः पुण्यगन्धो मृदुः सुखः व्यराजतामलं चैव नभो वैडूर्यसंनिभम्
AI Translation: And a fragrant, sweet-smelling, gentle, pleasant wind blew, And the sky shone stainless, like lapis lazuli.
अत्यद्भुतानि ते दृष्ट्वा वासुदेवपुरोगमाः दुर्योधनस्य पूजां च दृष्ट्वा व्रीडामुपागमन्
M. N. Dutt: Beholding these good signs, and this worship offered to Duryodhana, the Pandavas, with Vasudeva at their head, were put to shame.
Supplementary Passages:
9.60.54 After 54b, T2 ins.: *370 आश्चर्यं परमं जग्मुः पाञ्चालाः सोमकैः सह
हतांश्चाधर्मतः श्रुत्वा शोकार्ताः शुशुचुर्हि ते भीष्मं द्रोणं तथा कर्णं भूरिश्रवसमेव च
M. N. Dutt: Hearing the invisible voice the Bhishma and Drona and Karna and Bhurishravas were killed unfairly, they were afflicted with remorse and wept in grief.
Supplementary Passages:
9.60.55 For 55ab, T2 subst.: *371 हतांश्च कौरवाञ्श्रुत्वाधर्मतश्च महीपतीन् शोकार्ताः शुशुचुः सर्वे पाण्डवा भरतर्षभ
तांस्तु चिन्तापरान्दृष्ट्वा पाण्डवान्दीनचेतसः प्रोवाचेदं वचः कृष्णो मेघदुन्दुभिनिस्वनः
AI Translation: Seeing the Pandavas thus afflicted with grief, Krishna spoke these words, sounding like the rumbling of clouds and drums.
नैष शक्योऽतिशीघ्रास्त्रस्ते च सर्वे महारथाः ऋजुयुद्धेन विक्रान्ता हन्तुं युष्माभिराहवे
AI Translation: He is not to be killed by you all, who are great warriors, in a straight fight, in battle, for he is very swift in the use of weapons.
Supplementary Passages:
9.60.57 After 57, B D (except D11) ins.: *372 नैष शक्यः कदाचित्तु हन्तुं धर्मेण पार्थिवः ते वा भीष्ममुखाः सर्वे महेष्वासा महारथाः मयानेकैरुपायैस्तु मायायोगेन चासकृत् हतास्ते सर्व एवाजौ भवतां हितमिच्छता यदि नैवंविधं जातु कुर्यां जिह्ममहं रणे कुतो वो विजयो भूयः कुतो राज्यं कुतो धनम्
उपाया विहिता ह्येते मया तस्मान्नराधिपाः अन्यथा पाण्डवेयानां नाभविष्यज्जयः क्वचित्
AI Translation: These means were prescribed by me, therefore, O king. Otherwise, the Pandavas would not have had victory anywhere.
ते हि सर्वे महात्मानश्चत्वारोऽतिरथा भुवि न शक्या धर्मतो हन्तुं लोकपालैरपि स्वयम्
M. N. Dutt: Those four were very great warriors and regarded as Atirathas in the world. The very Regents of the Earth could not kill them in fair fight.
तथैवायं गदापाणिर्धार्तराष्ट्रो गतक्लमः न शक्यो धर्मतो हन्तुं कालेनापीह दण्डिना
M. N. Dutt: Likewise, the son of Diritarashtra, when armed with the mace, could not be killed in fair fight by Yama himself, armed with his bludgeon.
न च वो हृदि कर्तव्यं यदयं घातितो नृपः मिथ्यावध्यास्तथोपायैर्बहवः शत्रवोऽधिकाः
M. N. Dutt: Ye should not mind that this enemy of yours has been killed deceitfully. When the number of one's enemics becomes great, then destruction should be brought about by wily ways.
पूर्वैरनुगतो मार्गो देवैरसुरघातिभिः सद्भिश्चानुगतः पन्थाः स सर्वैरनुगम्यते
M. N. Dutt: The gods themselves, in killing the Asuras, have followed by the celestials, may be followed by all.
Supplementary Passages:
9.60.62 After 62, S (except M1; T3.4 missing) ins.: *373 एवं विधात्रा विहितं वधमेषां महात्मनाम् दैवं पुरुषकारेण न शक्यमतिवर्तितुम् भूतं भव्यं भविष्यच्च निमेषाद्यो हनिष्यति कृतान्तमन्यथाकर्तुं नेच्छेत्सोऽयं धनंजयः
कृतकृत्याः स्म सायाह्ने निवासं रोचयामहे साश्वनागरथाः सर्वे विश्रमामो नराधिपाः
M. N. Dutt: We have been crowned with success. It is evening. We had better retire to our tents. Let us all, you kings, take rest, with our horses and elephants and cars!'
वासुदेववचः श्रुत्वा तदानीं पाण्डवैः सह पाञ्चाला भृशसंहृष्टा विनेदुः सिंहसंघवत्
M. N. Dutt: Hearing these words of Vasudeva, the Pandavas and the Panchalas filled with joy, roared like a number of lions.
ततः प्राध्मापयञ्शङ्खान्पाञ्चजन्यं च माधवः हृष्टा दुर्योधनं दृष्ट्वा निहतं पुरुषर्षभाः
M. N. Dutt: All of them blew their conchs and Madhava himself blew his Panchajanya, seeing Duryodhana struck down in battle.'
Supplementary Passages:
9.60.65 After 65b, S (except M1; T3.4 missing) ins.: *374 देवदत्तं प्रहृष्टात्मा शङ्खप्रवरमर्जुनः अनन्तविजयं राजा कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः पौण्ड्रं दध्मौ महाशङ्खं भीमकर्मा वृकोदरः नकुलः सहदेवश्च सुघोषमणिपुष्पकौ धृष्टद्युम्नस्तथा जैत्रं सात्यकिर्नन्दिवर्धनम् तेषां नादेन महता शङ्खानां भरतर्षभ आपुपूरे नभः सर्वं पृथिवी च चचाल ह ततः शङ्खाश्च भेर्यश्च पणवानकगोमुखाः पाण्डुसैन्येष्ववाद्यन्त स शब्दस्तुमुलोऽभवत् अस्तुवन्पाण्डवानन्ये गीर्भिश्च स्तुतिमङ्गलैः T2 cont.: *375 गीर्भिर्मङ्गलयुक्ताभिर्वन्दिनः स्तुतिपाठकाः